查询词典 expected value

This paper uses mixture density networks to forecast the time-varying conditional density values of financial time series, and puts forth a new numerical algorithm to calculate Expected Shortfall. The application in Hong Kong Hangseng index approves that Value-at-Risk at high probability levels is accurate, and that it also has good forecasting ability in fluctuation. MDNs can effectively describe the empirical distribution of returns and the volatility mechanism, and is a new model for measuring financial market risk.

基于混合密度网络模型估计金融时间序列的时变条件密度，提出采用数值模拟方法计算Expected Shortfall的新途径，对香港恒生指数的实证研究表明，VaR的预测精度在高端分位点较好，模型评估指标反映出预测效果良好，混合密度网络可以有效地描述收益的经验分布统计特征和波动规律，是一种有效的金融市场风险测量模型。

First, we present various new convergence concepts for sequence of fuzzy random variables, including convergence sure, convergence almost sure, uniform convergence, uniform convergence almost sure, almost uniform convergence, convergence in chance measure, and their corresponding weak convergence. Second, the relations among some types of convergence are studied. Finally, we design some algorithms about fuzzy random simulations to compute the mean chance of fuzzy random event, find the optimistic value of a return function, and evaluate the expected value of a fuzzy random variable.

首先，提出了几类模糊随机变量序列的收敛性概念，包括：必然收敛、几乎必然收敛、一致收敛、几乎必然一致收敛、近一致收敛、依机会测度收敛以及与以上概念相对应的弱收敛；其次，讨论了收敛性之间的关系；最后我们设计了模糊随机模拟算法，用于计算模糊随机事件的平均机会，寻找收益函数的乐观值，以及估计模糊随机变量的期望值。

On the contrary, the value of the land depends on the expected value of its crops.

相反地，该块土地的价值要看它未来所能生产的稻米价值而定。

Under the condition that expected value is equal,children pay more attention to probability than to value.

3在期望值相同的情况下，儿童更注重事件发生的概率而相对忽视价值。

Expected value is the value that a customer or end-users expects from the service.

预期价值的价值，一个是客户或最终用户的服务期望。

In the following two cases:(1)gcd=1;(2) N=p〓, where p denotes the characteristic of the finite field GF, by using the factorization of the polynomial in finite field, the counting function N〓 is showed, the expected value of the linear complexity E〓 is determined, and a useful lower bound on the expected value of the k-error linear complexity E〓 is established.(7) The stability of the lattice structure for pseudorandom number sequences is put forward.

利用多项式的因式分解等简单工具，研究了任意有限域GF上，周期N与p互素以及N ＝P〓这两种情况下，计数函数N〓，的值，即线性复杂皮为c的N-周期序列的个数，并给出了线性复杂度的数学期望E〓的值以及k-错线性复杂度的数学期望E〓的一个有用的下界，这里p表示有限域GF的特征。

A standard expected value model for multi-objective multi-stage transmission planning is presented to realize the transmission optimal planning with the control of line overloading risks. In this model, a constraint of overloading risks is built with expected value and standard deviation of random line active power and two objectives are given as expected value of the average power loss and discount value of the investment cost. By modeling uncertain informations with probability theory, the probabilistic DC power flow is adopted for the correlated calculations among random variables in the planning model.4 A novel multi-objective transmission planning approach that considers transmission investment profit is proposed. Requests for transmission investment profit and social welfare are involved in the proposed planning approach.

以方案总投资费用贴现值和平均网损期望值为目标函数，建立多目标多阶段输电网规划的期望值模型，以线路有功潮流过负荷随机变量的期望值和标准差构建过负荷风险约束，考虑了风险发生概率和严重程度两方面的特征，通过对不确定性信息的概率建模，利用概率直流潮流进行各随机变量的相关计算，实现了控制过负荷风险条件下的输电网优化规划。4提出考虑输电投资收益的多目标输电网规划方法，综合考虑市场参与者对输电投资收益和社会总福利的要求加热管及其对输电网规划的影响。

Employing the small gain theory can solve the problem of robust stability. Then, when the RTT (Round-trip time) of every VC fluctuates around the estimated value, the steady value of queue could track the specified expected value and the oscillation is very small.

运用小增益定理解决鲁棒稳定性问题，在每个虚路径的往返时延都同时在预估值上下发生变化的情况下，使得交换机中的队列长度能够稳定在给定值，而且抖动都很小。

The first part is literature review of relevant Customer Value Theory. In the following part, research questionnaires about customer value in health and fitness entertaining and straight rebuy tendency are designed concerning to existing survey methods and combined with the status quo and features of health and fitness entertaining enterprises. The third part is surveys and analysis about the status quo of custom value in bodybuilding clubs in Nanjing. Six common factors, named as "sentimental value","consumption cost","product value","service value","expected value", and "function value", are concluded as the elements of customer value in health and fitness entertaining after factor analysis and are discussed in the fourth part. In the fifth part, influences of the various elements of customer value on customers' straight rebuy are obtained by Logistic regression analysis. The sixth part is about the relationship between customer individual attribute and customer straight rebuy reached through partial correlation analysis.

首先，梳理了顾客价值理论和体育健身俱乐部相关研究的文献；其次，以顾客价值已有的探测方法，结合商业性健身俱乐部的现状及特点，设计出商业性健身俱乐部顾客感知价值及重购意向的调查问卷；第三，对南京市健身俱乐部顾客价值现状进行了调查和分析；第四，通过因子分析得出商业性健身俱乐部顾客价值构成要素结构，共有六个公共因子，命名为&情感价值&、&消费成本&、&产品价值&、&服务价值&、&期望价值&、&功能价值&；第五，通过Logistic回归分析，得出健身俱乐部顾客价值构成要素对顾客重购行为的影响；第六，通过偏相关分析得出健身俱乐部顾客个体属性与顾客重购行为的关系。

First index system for evaluation of electricity customers' credit is established. The index and the subjective experience value of valuators are given in the form of triangular fuzzy number. Then expected values were resulted by fuzzy decision making method based on expected value. Finally, structure risk minimization principle modifies the expected values.

建立了电力客户信用评价指标体系，并以三角模糊数的形式给出指标值和评价者的主观经验值，利用模糊期望值决策法得到信用期望值，最后通过SVM基于结构风险最小化原则修正该期望值。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。