查询词典 existentialism

In fact, the essence of the crisis of modern education is that of the concept of"man". Educational philosophies, such as existentialism, pragmatism and postmodernism all made great effort to get rid of those abuses above and pursued people's integrity and specifics by animadverting on the rational concept of"man"from different perspectives. However, they fell into the irrationalism when they animadverted on the rationalism because of their own theoretical limitations, which in the end led to blindness in educational reform.

面对危机，西方教育哲学流派从不同角度对现代教育中&理性人&观念进行了批判，为摆脱被抽象化、工具化，追求人的完整性和具体性作出了努力的尝试，由于其自身存在的理论缺陷，因而不太可能带来学校教育理论和实践的全然更新，甚至带来教育改革的盲目。

Existentialism has given up the pursuit of uniqueness and attached importance to the practice of man. As far as practice-dominated philosophy of science concerned, it is an understanding of the practical essence of science, and no longer entangles whether or not scientific knowledge is the representation of the nature.

生存论哲学放弃了对唯一性的追求，关注人的生存实践本身，具体到实践科学观，则是对科学的实践本质的认识，不再纠缠于科学知识是否是对自然界的表象。

As early as Before Chin Dynasty, the Confucianists had developed the learning tradition that virtue and truth were emphasized equally. Their learning principle was self-cultivation in both benevolence and wisdom, i.e. moral inquiry.The learning tradition of ancient West mainly means the learning tradition created by Socrates and developed by Plato and Aristotle. It paid close attention to existence and the intrinsic consistence of knowledge and benevolence.The Enlightenment had dual influence on existentialism meaning of learning. For one thing, it created conditions for the liberation of human. The call for ration, freedom and democracy aroused inquiry spirit in education. For another,"subject-object" dualism looked oh scientific knowledge as rigid object truth, and human mind became "mirror" to reflect the objective reality. So education degenerated into knowledge indoctrinating and skills training. It depressed inquiry spirit and human creative personality.

先秦以来儒家的学习传统是强调真理与德性并重，儒家的学习原则是仁智双修，德性探究；古代西方的学习传统，主要是指由苏格拉底所开创，经柏拉图、亚里士多德继承和发展的关注人的生存、追求知识与&善&的内在一致性的学习传统；启蒙运动一方面为在教育中实现人的解放创造了条件，对理性、自由和民主的呼唤催生了教育中的探究精神，但另一方面，启蒙理性的&主-客体&二元论性格，使得科学知识变成僵化的客观真理，人的心灵变成反映客观实在的&镜子&，教育由此退变为知识灌输和技能训练的过程，压抑了探究精神和人的创造个性。

Both works are the literature expositions of the existentialism,but the keynotes of the two works are absolutely different,one being gloomy and desperate,and the other being bright and full of indomitable spirit,which can exactly represent the two extremes of Sartre's thoughts.

虽然都是作为存在主义哲学思想的文学阐释，两部作品的基调却完全不一样。前者充满了沉重的压抑感，后者却洋溢着高昂的激越感；前者充满了绝望的悲观主义，后者却在绝望中产生了勇于介入的力量。

Firstly, using John-S-Brubacher's idea for reference that there are at least two different philosophies legitimating the institutions of higher education. One is epistemological, the other political. It argues that rationalist and instrumentalist idea of the university separately are the expression of the two philosophies, and that existentialism is a complete reconstruction to philosophy system.

首先，借鉴约翰·S·布鲁贝克的观点——大学存在的哲学基础主要有认识论的哲学和政治论的哲学两种，认为理性主义的大学理念和工具主义的大学理念大体上可归属于这两种哲学基础，而存在主义的哲学则体现一种对哲学思想的全面改造。

This article, based on the paradigm of "reality individual", utilizes practice-existentialism of Marxist philosophy, localizes the starting point of modern ideological and political education at"man's existence".

现代思想政治教育理论研究的重要取向即人学取向，本文在&现实的个人&这一研究范式的理论基础上，运用马克思主义实践生存论，把思想政治教育人学取向研究的出发点定位为&人的存在&。

Modern ideological and political education'fundamental research important orientation is the studies of human being. This article, based on the paradigm of "reality individual", utilizes practice-existentialism of Marxist philosophy, localizes the starting point of modern ideological and political education at"man's existence".

现代思想政治教育理论研究的重要取向即人学取向，本文在&现实的个人&这一研究范式的理论基础上，运用马克思主义实践生存论，把思想政治教育人学取向研究的出发点定位为&人的存在&。

It is, however, the people who are forever mouthing these dismal proverbs and, whenever they are told of some more or less repulsive action, say "How like human nature!"— it is these very people, always harping upon realism, who complain that existentialism is too gloomy a view of things.

然而，就是这些人嘴里一直讲着这些丧气的格言，而且一听见人们谈到某些令人可恨的行为时，就说&人性都是一样的&-------恰恰就是这些嘴里一直唠叨着现实主义的人，偏要埋怨存在主义对事物的看法太阴暗了。

My purpose here is to offer a defence of existentialism against several reproaches that have been laid against it.

本文的目的是针对几种对存在主义的责难为它进行辩护。

We have now, I think, dealt with a certain number of the reproaches against existentialism.

鉴于这一切，人们对我们的责难，归根到底，并不是我们的悲观主义，而是我们的严峻的乐观主义。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。