查询词典 existence

The stability of system equilibrium point and the existence condition of 3-D Hopf bifurcation as well as the stability of hence generated periodic solution were analyzed,so that the existence of limit cycles on the two-dimensional stable manifold of one microbial species and its nutrition was verified when other one had the disadvantage in the competiti.

研究当营养消耗率1δ=1δ为一般的非减连续函数和2δ=常数的三维Chemostat模型，分析系统平衡点的稳定性，三维系统经历Hopf分支的条件和由此产生的周期解的稳定性，证明系统中某一微生物物种处于竞争劣势而趋于灭绝时另一微生物物种和营养的二维稳定流形上极限环的存在性。

We divide the existence of generalized solutions into three theorems becauseof the existence of a generalized supersolution we need in the proof.To ob-tain this fact,we discuss three different cases separately.WhenΩhas strictconvexity,it can be proved that the generalized supersolution of (1)(2)is theconvex-monotone hull of 〓in 〓,this is theorem 2.WhenΩdoesn't hasthe strict convexity,in theorem 3 we have to suppose there exists a generalizedsupersolution.

我们的广义解的存在性结果之所以分成三个定理陈述，主要是因为在我们的存在性证明中，一个重要的事实就是广义上解的存在性，而为了得到这个事实，我们分别讨论了三种不同的情况：在定理2中的假设〓具有严格凸性时，我们证明了问题（1）（2）的广义上解就是初边值〓的凸单调包，而在〓没有严格凸性时，我们在定理3中假定了一个广义上解的存在性。

Thus any expression of doubt about the existence of a supreme being proves the existence of such a being.

如此，任何对超越者的存在进行质疑的表达，就证明了这样的存在者的存在。

By applying existence theorems of maximal elements for a family of GB-majorized mappings in a product space of G-convex spaces, some coincidence theorem, Fan-Browder type fixed point theorem and some existence theorems of solutions for a system of minimax inequalities are proved under noncompact setting of G-convex spaces.

通过应用G-凸空间的乘积空间内一族GB-优化映象的极大元的存在定理，在G-凸空间的非紧设置下证明了某些重合点定理，Fan-Browder型不动点定理和极小极大不等式组的解的存在性定理。

In the part of empirical analysis of Chinese IPO first-day return, the difference between existing study and this study is that we use principal components analysis to extract from five factors to construct investors'sentiment index, add it to controled varibles, on which we examine the influence of offering mechanism on IPO first-day return. Moreover, we gather statistics and compare the IPO holding return for lockup period between fixed-price-class offering method and bookbuilding-class offering method, as well as price range between Chinese A-share market and Hongkong stock market, which prvide comprehensive evidence to appraise Chinese IPO bookbuilding mechanism. 2. Compare to the existing literatures which consider discount or allocation, incentive allocation and discount are considered at the same time in optimal mechanism design in this dissertation, and the offering bottom price is introduced to the price range. We investigate the relationship between price range and allocation quantity, and obtain the optimal price range and allocation strategy so that the advantages of independent allocation are reflected. On the other hand, the disadvantages of independent allocation are reflected in the manipulation in case of no restriction on IPO allocation. To distinguish from the existing literatures, bookbuilding mechanism is introduced to the model. We study the allocation strategy adopted by the underwriter in the pooling equilibrium of manipulation. In addition, we analyze the incentive compatibility conditions to which the existence of pooling equilibrium should satisfy and examine some factors'impact on the existence of manipulation.3. In bookbuilding without independent IPO allocation, Chinese realistic IPO background is considered and the condition of bookbuilding and fixed-price hybrid offering is added. Divide bookbuilding and fixed-price hybrid offering into sequential hybrid and simultaneous hybrid, and point out that the key points of subscription strategy in the two kinds of hybrid are different. Through modeling and simulation we obtain the impact of institutional investors'subscription strategy on bookbuilding without independent IPO allocation, which fill the gap in related research. Moreover, in the part of IPO bookbuilding with over-allotment option, the pricing strategy is divided into hot-IPO strategy and weak-IPO strategy. Take into account the procedure of Chinese IPO with over-allotment option, it presents how the underwriter determines the pricing strategy and what effect it brings to offering price and issue size through modeling and simulation. Therefore, it is instructive as a complement to existing literatures.

此外，对我国A股市场询价发行方式与固定价格发行方式下的IPO锁定期到期时持有收益率、以及我国A股市场与香港市场的询价发行价格区间进行了统计比较，为评价我国IPO市场的询价发行提供了比较全面的依据。2、相比已有文献仅考虑折价和分配中的一种激励措施，本论文在有自主配售权下的机制设计中并用了分配与折价两种激励措施，并且在价格区间的制定中引入发行底价，考察了价格区间与分配量之间的关系，得到最优的价格区间和分配策略，从中体现自主分配权的优点；在有自主分配权下的操纵行为研究中则体现了自主配售权的弊端，与已有文献不同的是，在模型中引入了累计投标询价机制，研究了承销商在混同均衡操纵中采取的分配策略，并对操纵存在的条件进行分析讨论，得出各个因素对混同均衡操纵存在的影响。3、在无自主分配权下的询价发行中，充分考虑了我国实际应用的背景，加入了与固定价格发售混合的条件，并将询价与固定价格混合发行分为序贯与同步两种方式，指出机构投资者在两种情况下申购策略的侧重点各有不同，通过对序贯混合发行方式下的网下累计投标策略以及同步混合发行方式下的资金分配策略的模型建立和数值仿真，考察了机构投资者申购策略对无自主分配权下的询价发行的影响，填补了相关研究文献的空白；在包含超额配售选择权的询价发行中，将发行定价策略分为热销策略和弱销策略，在考虑了我国含超额配售选择权的发行流程下，通过建模以及数值仿真得出承销商会对发行定价策略作出怎样的选取，进而会对新股发行价格、发售数量产生怎样的影响，对目前相关研究的缺乏做出了有益的补充。

The commodity-image, in terms of its symbolic content and from the point of view of its consumers, offers a deeply suggestive account of personal existence: it provides a telos to personal existence, turns being-in-itself into an imagistic matrix that extends our sense experiences, while delivering possibility as a mode of living.

商品形象，在其象征性的内容和观点的消费者，提供了深刻启发的个人帐户的存在：它提供了一个telos个人的存在，正在轮流在自己变成一个意象矩阵延伸我们的责任感经验，同时提供可能的模式生活。

The theist asserts God's existence, the atheist denies it, while the agnostic professes ignorance about it, the existence of God being an insoluble problem for him.

theist声称，上帝的存在，无神论者对此予以否认，而不可知论者自称无知，上帝存在是一个无法解决的问题他。

Reviewing the basis of sad consciousness, this tractate traces the source into original individual existence. That is from the visual angle of ontology. Man is first as an individual, his existence is finite.

从悲意识产生的根源上来考察，可以将原因追溯到有限个体的原初存在，这也就是从存在论的视角来考察。

For the second order inclusion, using the transformation of variable, the existence of nonoscillatory solutions can be reduced to the existence of solutions for a first order inclusion.

在引进了微分包含解的振动性和非振动性的定义之后，通过分析解的单调性给出了一类二阶包含解的渐近性和振动性的判别准则；对于一阶微分包含，首先证明了时滞微分方程的振动性定理，在此基础上给出微分包含的结果。

In this paper, the theoretical analysis of matrix's triangular decomposition is mainly discussed, including such as the necessary and sufficient condition of uniqueness of existence in matrix's triangular decomposition,the necessary and sufficient condition of existence and so on.

本文主要对矩阵的三角分解理论分析作了比较全面的统述，它包括矩阵三角分解存在唯一性的充要条件、存在性的充要条件、存在性的充分条件等。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。