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In chapter four, the preperation of ytterbium diiodide was examined. The reductive cleavage of Se-Se bond and S-S bond induced by ytterbium diiodide was investigated. The reaction of diselenides and disulfides with allylic bromide promoted by ytterbium diiodide was also examined. The intermolecular Barbier-type reaction induced by ytterbium diiodide was studied. In the last section of this chapter, the intermolecular reductive coupling of nitriles with azides induced by samarium diiodide was investigated.

第四章，研究了二碘化镱的制备方法，以及二碘化镱作为一种优良的单电子转移试剂在有机合成中的应用：二硒醚的Se--Se键和二硫醚S-S键的还原断裂，及其在合成烯丙基硒醚，硒代酯和烯丙基硫醚，硫代酯中的应用，实验结果表明二碘化镱也能促进分子间的Barbier反应，而文献认为二碘化镱不能促进分子间的Barbier反应；最后研究了二碘化钐促进的叠氮化合物与腈的交叉还原偶联反应，一步高收率地制备脒的方法。

The 8 cases of 12 patients examined by cranial CT showed abnormal low density lesion in basal ganglia,lentiform nucleus,and so on.The 5 cases of 8 patients examined by cranial MRI showed abnormal signs in basal ganglia,lentiform nucleus,and so on.

12例患者行头颅CT检查，8例发现基底节，豆状核等异常低密度灶；8例行头颅MRI检查，5例显示基底节，豆状核等处异常信号。

CT images of the 6 UAs showed homogenous and low density in comparison with muscles. Of the 6 UAs, 2 (33%) were lobulate, 4 (67%) were regularly round or oval; 1 (17%) had bone septa, 2 (33%) had root resorption of the neighboring teeth, 3 (50%) had cortical perforation. All UAs showed well-circumscribed margins without soft tissue masses. Three UAs were examined by enhanced studies and showed mild to moderate enhancement of the wall. Of the 5 MAs, 3 (60%) showed low to intermediate density as compared with muscles, 2 (40%) showed homogenous and intermediate density; 3 (60%) had bone septa; 3 (60%) showed root resorption or destruction of the neighboring teeth. All 5 MAs were lobulate with cortical perforation, soft tissue masses, and ill-defined margins. All 3 MA5 examined by enhanced studies showed strong enhancement. CONCLUSIONS: SMAs are usually seen in middle-aged patients.

UA病变平扫时与肌肉相比内部都呈均匀低密度，其中4例(67%)呈较规整的圆形或椭圆形，2例(33%)呈分叶状，3例(50%)局部骨皮质有缺损，但未见软组织肿块形成，l例(17%)见不全骨性分隔，2例(33%)邻近牙根有吸收，行增强扫描的3例囊壁均呈轻中度的强化。5例MA的病灶都呈分叶状，且骨皮质均被穿破并有软组织肿块形成，边界不清，其中3例(60%)平扫时与肌肉相比呈等低混杂密度，2例(40%)呈较均匀等密度，3例(60%)可见不全的骨性分隔，3例(60%)见牙根的吸收或破坏，行增强扫描的3例都呈明显强化。

BFGF immunoreaction was detected at 3-weeks' embryonic neuroepithelium, and remained positive throughout various development a l stages examined, whereas NGF immunoreaction appeared after 4-weeks. The expres sion varied gradually with the development of embryos. There was no specific EGF immunoreaction in all tissues and stages examined. The occurrence and distribut ion of FGFR, NGFR and EGFR were similar, and their expression altered with the development.

结果显示bFGF和NGF的表达时序不同，b FGF阳性细胞出现较早，在所检测的各个发育阶段均呈阳性表达，而NGF出现较晚，随着胚龄增加，免疫阳性着色逐渐增强，bFGF分布较NGF广泛，而EGF在所检测的各个发育阶段均呈阴性。flg、TrkA、EGFR表达时序和分布相似，三者在所检测的各个发育阶段均呈阳性。

Double Patenting:" A nonstatutory obviousness-type double patenting rejection is approptiate where the conflicting claims are not identical, but at least one examined application claims is not patentably distinct from the reference claim because the examined application claim is either anticipated by, or would have been obvious"

对于DOUBEL PATENTING，我的另外一个理解，其实质与显而易见性差不多，但是因为是同一个专利权人，所以美国给同一个专利权人就实质同一发明获得多个专利权开了个口子，只要专利权人让所有专利同一天到期即可。

On the 277 examined roach in 9 roach specimens t. pediculus were found. prevalence of roach infection was 3.25%, mean intensity 3.5 and abundance 0.11 parasite per number of fish examined.

在277受检验的样本中有9个发现车轮虫。roach的被感染率为3.25%，这以为着在受检验的样本中，每单位的鱼中有强度为3.5和富裕度为0.11的寄生虫。

Among 14 cases of trigeminal tumor,12 cases were examined by CT scanning,2 cases by MRI,all of them were confirmed by pathological examination.The density appeared heterogeneous with 6 cases,homogeneous high density with 5 cases and isopyknic with 1 case.Dropped contrast medium,the 12 CT scanning pictures appeared heterogeneous potentialization,and there were no cerebral edema around the tumor.Among 2 cases examined by MRI,T1 weighted image appeared low signal,T2 weighted image appeared high signal.

内容提要三叉神经瘤14例，12例做CT检查，2例做MRI检查，14例术后均经病理检查证实。12例CT扫描呈混杂密度6例，均匀高密度5例，等密度1例，注射造影剂后多呈不均匀强化，肿瘤周围均无脑水肿。2例MRI图像T1加权像呈低信号，T2加权像呈高信号。X线平片示11例有岩骨、颅底骨吸收破坏。

The function of bone resorption by MGC was examined with coculture of bone slice and MGC. The resorption lacunae were examined with a scanning electron microscope. The activity of acid phosphatase in MGC was observed by Gomori stain. Results: MGCs showed multinuclei (more than 20 nuclei), irriegular peripheral cytoplasm with pseudopodial projections, vacuoles were seen in the cytoplasm.

用倒置相差显微镜观察体外培养的多核巨细胞的一般形态及降钙素对它的影响；用骨片与多核巨细胞共同培养法观察多核巨细胞的体外骨吸收功能，用扫描电镜观察骨吸收陷窝，Gomori染色观察多核巨细胞的酸性磷酸酶活性。

The profiles of some silk proteins and isoenzymes were examined by SDS-PAGE. The results showed that there were no revealable changes in the structure proteins and other high expressive protein examined.

5用SDS-PAGE检测了几种丝蛋白质及其同工酶的表型，结果表明高压静电场处理没有引起检查的结构蛋白和其他高表达蛋白发生可检测到的变异。

Methods At first, retrovirus vectors encoding IFN-γ or IL-4 gene were constructed. They were transfected into PA317 packaging cells by lipofectamine, PA317IFN-γ and PA317IL-4 cells were obtained. C6 glioma cells were infected with replication deficiency retrovius containing IFN-γ or IL-4 gene, cell morphology、cell growth curve and cloning efficiency assay were examined. The intracranial C6 glioma animal model was established in immunocompetent Wistar rats. PA317IFN-γ and PA317IL-4 cells were stereotactically implanted into the tumor areas alone or together. The survival of tumor bearing rats were examined, tumor volumes were measured and immunohistochemical analyses of CD4〓 and CD8〓 T lymphocyte infiltration were performed.

构建和鉴定携带IL-4或IFN-γ基因的逆转录病毒载体，将其导入逆转录病毒包装细胞PA317，通过G418抗性筛选，得到携带目的基因的包装细胞并鉴定；应用携带IL-4或IFN-γ基因的复制缺陷型逆转录病毒感染C6胶质瘤细胞，观察对C6胶质瘤细胞形态、细胞生长曲线和克隆形成率的影响；建立C6胶质瘤大鼠脑内移植动物模型，将携带IL-4和IFN-γ基因的逆转录病毒包装细胞分别或联合注射到脑内荷瘤大鼠的肿瘤组织中，观察其治疗作用，并初步探讨其机制。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。