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In this paper, a mathematical description of mutation operator and a concept of mutation function for the study of evolutionary programming and evolution strategies are proposed, and several methods and examples of constructing mutation operator with uniformly distributed random variables are presented.

进化算法是研究全局优化算法中最重要的随机算法之一，本文给出了进化规划和进化策略的变异算子的数学描述，并提出变异函数的概念，在此基础上，给出了用均匀分布的随机数构造变异算子的几种方法和若干例子。

Koza's evolutionary equation machine had to evolve the best equation capable of determining on which of the two intertwined spiral lines each of about 200 data points lay.

柯扎的发展性方程机器不得不演化出具有判定在两条缠绕的螺旋线上各自大约200个数据点的所在的能力的最佳程式。

Dr. Tomasello, a developmental psychologist, is co-director of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany.

托玛赛洛博士是发展心理学家，德国莱比锡蒲朗克演化人类学研究院的负责人之一。

The evolutionary model organic beach or reef reservoir, controlling factors of which are sedimentation, digenesis and tectonics ,are established according to the result of sedimentary facies and digenesis. At last regional distribution of reservoir has been predicted. Comprehensive study indicates the dark, 50-300 m thick upper Permian series, which is rich in the organic material and biota , is beneficial to formation and protection of petroleum and natural gas. Moreover the stratigraphy possess with better reservoir ability. The reservoir distributed in shallow glacis along Beichuan Tongkou - Guangyuan Changjianggou ,He 12 well - She 1 well - Jiange - Cangxi Yongningpu -Long 4 well - Bian 1 well in Wujiaping stage and in platform edge beach along Beichuan Tongkou - Jiangyou Shuigentou - Jiange -Cangxi Yongningpu - Nanjiang .

综合以上，本文认为研究区上二叠统地层厚50—300m，颜色较深、生物含量多、富含有机质，并且该套地层自形成后，大多直接进入埋藏成岩环境，是一套十分有利于油气的形成与保存的地层；同时该套地层的局部层段具有一定的储集性能，在吴家坪期储层主要分布在北川通口—广元长江沟、河12井—射1井—剑阁—苍溪永宁铺—龙4井—扁1井一带，在长兴期储层主要分布在北川通口—江油水根头—剑阁—苍溪永宁铺—南江一线。

There are many men who are shorter than the average woman, and there are many women who are taller than the average man, but these exceptions do not make the generalization untrue. Men on average are taller than women in every human society (and, by the way, there are evolutionary psychological explanations for this phenomenon, known as the sexual dimorphism in size, but that's perhaps for a future post).

有很多男人比一般女子要矮，也有很多女人比一般男子要高，但这些例外都不会导致这个结论的错误，在任何人类社会中男人的平均身高都比女人要高（顺便一提，对于这种现象有着进化心理学上的解释，叫做身材上的两性异形，但这也许是以后的话题了）。

Thus, studies on the oviposition﹑nesting and incubation of dinosaur not only help us to understand the evolutionary history of reproductive behavior of dinosaur, but also illuminate the dinosaurian egg shape and thermoregulation.

通过对恐龙产蛋、筑巢和孵蛋行为的研究，不仅帮助我们认识了恐龙繁殖行为的演化历史，同时也阐述了恐龙蛋的形态特征和体温调节功能。

Ant colony algorithm is a novel evolutionary algorithm originally designed for discrete optimization problem, and has good performance.

蚁群算法作为一种较新的随机性算法在离散组合领域取得了较好的效果，本文对这种算法进行了研究，并提出了一种改进的蚁群算法。

To deal with this, Evolutionary Computation is introduced into the discriminative training of the models.

另外，直接基于最小分类错误的训练方法由于目标函数的不连续、不可导，也无法采用梯度方法。

Part two discusses Liang Qichao's main thought of historical theory, including his evolutionary historical theory, the aim and efficacy of history learning and the discursion on causality of history.

第二部分论述梁启超的主要史学理论思想，涉及梁启超的进化史观、史学研究的目的和功用以及对历史因果关系的探讨。

Gen. et sp., from the Aptian Albian Xinminpu Group of western China that represents a phylogenetic, morphological, and temporal link between these disjunct portions of tyrannosauroid evolutionary history.

古生物学家对霸王龙家族的了解主要建立在来自白垩纪时期两组截然不同的化石基础之上，这些化石距今大约1.45亿至6500万年前。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。