查询词典 evolution

The key points of DGA is to start evolution with initial population evenly distributed in searching space to avoid the leakiness of subspace, to accelerate the searching process by directed crossover and mutation, to improve holistic survival and adaptive ability by means of competition and parallel evolution in genetic system. However, the crossover and mutation act on different lays in space made the searching uniform.

其基本思路是以空间上均匀分布的初始点展开演化以避免子空间的遗漏，以有方向性的杂交和变异加速和调节搜索，同时杂交和变异作用在不同层面上使搜索在整体上均匀化，通过遗传系统里的并行竞争提高整个群体的生存适应力，从而达到整体优化的目的。

The research of phonetic grouping is mainly the analysis of historic evolution, but the lexical grouping in this thesis focuses on synchronic aspect. Sounds and lexicon have their own features and evolution rules. Therefore it is inevitable that grouping phonetically and lexically should be different.

山东方言语音分区的研究是对方言语音历史演变的分析，而本文所做的词汇分区的讨论着重于共时平面，而且语音和词汇各有不同的特性和演变规律，因此以语音分区和以词汇分区必然会得出不同的结论。

The introduction first briefly reviews Western Europe\'s universal order of "recht" in middle ages: As independent political units, the city, the manor, the church parish, the ligeance and so on were set in a rank order, the relations between each rank were established in legal form, empire represented the highest rank, and simultaneously played an arbitrator\'s role, was the arbitrator of political units subordinated to the emperor. All of these ranks were placed in natural order created by God, thus, the Christianity religious doctrine had provided the final validity for the universal legal orders; then the symbiotic of the political evolution and the legal transformation will be discussed. Western jurisprudence resided in the Church during the middle Ages, after entering into modern era, resorted to the state."State" instead of "empire" became the basic concept of modem law, and new order of "recht" was bound to make legitimate argumentation for the nation; finally, the background and sketches of this article is explained. It will trace and analyze intrinsic evolution of the idea of legal order in the background of concrete politics--especially the geopolitics, inspects how the different nation-states split up from universal Christianly world and obtain their independence, inspecting differences of respective national path, the fit or unfit quality and the success or failure in this process.

导论首先简要回顾西欧中世纪大一统的法权秩序：作为独立政治单元的各城市、庄园、教区、领地等被镶嵌在一个等级秩序中，各个等级之间以法律的形式来确立相互之间的关系，帝国代表最高等级，同时扮演仲裁人的角色，是臣属其下的各个政治单元之间的仲裁者，而帝国等级又被安置在上帝创造的自然秩序中，因而，是基督教教义为大一统的法权秩序提供了最终的合法性；接着指出西欧政治演变与法权变革的共生性：西方法学在中世纪寄身于教会之中，进入近代以后则投靠了国家，"国家"代替"帝国"，成为近代法学构造的基本概念，新的法权秩序必然围绕民族国家展开；最后说明本文的论述方式和基本思路：本文将在具体的政治——特别是地缘政治——的背景中，追踪和解析法权观念的内在演变，由此进一步****不同民族国家内、异质的法权秩序如何从过去大一统的世界中分化剥离并获得独立，并试图检讨这一过程中不同民族道路的差异、优劣和得失。

At the bookish assembly hosted by Secretary General Huang Chin-ying on January 3, Mr. Chang Pei-chen presented the first report on the Secrets of the 17-year Cicada written by Japanese Jin Yoshimura, a specialist of eco-mathematical model and biological evolution. The book was adapted from Yoshimura』s paper published in American Scientist in 1996, exploring the causes of evolution of magicicadas. Based on the duration of dormancy, magicicadas fall into two groups: the 13-year and 17-year periodical cicadas. Based on the principle of the survival of the fittest, as the lowest common multiple was larger, there were fewer groups proliferating at the same time to prevent damage of their ecological regularity as a result of hybridization.

1月3日读书会在黄晋英秘书长主持下，第一篇由张培臣先生报告《17年蝉之谜》，作者为日本人吉村仁，专攻生态数学模型与生物演化理论，本书改写自吉村仁於1996发表於《美国自然学家》期刊的论文，探讨质数蝉的演化缘由；依若虫期蛰伏於土壤中年份的不同，质数蝉大致可分为13年及17年两类，在天择情形下，因为最小公倍数比较大，同一时间的繁殖群相对比较少，可避免杂交而破坏其生态规律。

In view of the instability and the high failure rate of practical supply chain alliance companionate symbiosis,the paper establishes a proceeds matrix model of its static game,and uses evolution games to analyze its formation and evolution under symmetric and asymmetric.

针对现实中供应链联盟伙伴合作关系的不稳定性和失败率高的问题，建立了伙伴企业合作静态博弈的得益矩阵模型，并利用进化博弈理论研究了对称和非对称两种情况下供应链联盟伙伴合作关系的形成及进化演变。

In the 1930s, Darwinian natural selection was combined with Mendelian inheritance to form the modern evolutionary synthesis, in which the connection between the units of evolution and the mechanism of evolution was made.

在上世纪30年代，达尔文的自然选择是孟德尔遗传结合，形成现代的进化合成，其中之间的联系单位的演变的机制和演变了。

The late Neoproterozoic is an important period of biological evolution; and the emergence of metazoa is a representative event, which marked the history of biology evolution having entered a new era.

这一时期是地球上早期生命演化的重要时期，特别是宏观后生动物的出现标志着生物演化史进入了一个新纪元。

These new materials provide new evidence for the origin, evolution and the functional evolution of the metazoan during the early stage of the Cambrian explosion.

本文报道的奇异星状生物可能代表了初具原始触手的腔肠动物早期演化类型，为研究真后生动物起源演化、能进化提供了新的实证材料。

Darwinian evolution is not just slow learning. In Marvin Minsky 's words,"Darwinian evolution is dumb learning."

达尔文的进化不只是缓慢的学习，用马文·明斯基的话说，"达尔文进化是愚蠢的学习。"

Firstly, the structure equations of the evolution surface family are derived, and some laws of the surface invariants evolution are obtained, based on modern differential geometry, especially, differential forms and frame field theory.

本文以微分形式、活动标架为工具，推导出演化曲面、曲线的结构方程，并重点研究曲面微分不变量、不变式、整不变量及标架的演化规律，给出了这些规律同演化速率函数之间的关系。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。