查询词典 evidence

Consequently, the power of free proof of evidence in rule-of-law nations was vested in judicial judges, in order to ensure the proof of facts in a right way in cases, which is called free proof and highly valued in countries of the Continental Law System as "foundations of findings of fact without prejudice, Magna Charta of principles of proof of evidence, and non -convertible choice of evidence system in its evolution".

因此，近代以来，法治国家为了保证具体案件中事实认定的正确，纷纷赋予事实审理者自由判断证据和自主认定事实的权力，由此在诉讼中确立了自由心证制度。在大陆法系国家，这一制度被广泛地誉为"无偏见的事实认定的基石、证据判断原则的大宪章、证据制度进化过程中的不可逆转的选择"。

This paper has comparatively analyzed four aspects of confession corroboration rule of the USA and Japan,they are the proof object、the evidence qualification、the proof degree of corroborative evidence and the confession of codefendant. Corroborative evidence should not only be able to corroborate confession and prove the truth of cases,but also prove the truth to a considerable degree.

本文对美国和日本自白补强规则中的补强证据证明对象、证据能力和证明程度以及共犯自白等方面进行了比较，认为补强证据应当具有证据能力，它不仅可以补强自白，还应当能够证明案件事实，并且应达到相当的证明程度。

Academic circles have different thoughts about the theory of corroborative evidence, and the relations between chief-fact and chief-evidence. Those problems affect the scientific rules of corroborative evidence, making judicial explanation insufficient.

理论界对补强证据理论本身、补强证据与案件主要事实和主证据的关系认识存有较大落差，影响了补强证据规则确立的科学性，造成了司法解释规定的偏失。

The rules regulating confession of defendants have developed from "the king of evidence" to acquittal without corroborative evidences. With the development of justice of procedure and the protection of human rights,the rule of corroborative evidence has changed from the substantial rules to the exceptional modal rule of the free evaluation of evidence.

口供由历史上的"证据之王"生成的"无供不录案"证据规则到口供未经补强不得定案的证据法则，出现了口供证据适用的反叛；随着诉讼程序正当化和人权保障的深入，补强证据法则也由强化自由心证的实质规则转化为自由心证的例外形式规则，实现了口供证据适用的超越式革命。

The rules regulating confession of defendants have developed from"the king of evidence"to acquittal without corroborative evidences.With the development of justice of procedure and the protection of human rights,the rule of corroborative evidence has changed from the substantial rules to the exceptional modal rule ofthe free evaluation of evidence.

口供由历史上的"证据之王"生成的"无供不录案"证据规则到口供未经补强不得定案的证据法则，出现了口供证据适用的反叛；随着诉讼程序正当化和人权保障的深入，补强证据法则也由强化自由心证的实质规则转化为自由心证的例外形式规则，实现了口供证据适用的超越式革命。

Where with respect to any question a witness objects to answer on the ground that his answer may tend to criminate him, or may tend to establish his liability to a civil proceeding at the instance of the Crown or of any person, and if but for this Act, or the Act of any provincial legislature, the witness would therefore have been excused from answering the question, then although the witness is by reason of this Act or the provincial Act compelled to answer, the answer so given shall not be used or admissible in evidence against him in any criminal trial or other criminal proceeding against him thereafter taking place, other than a prosecution for perjury in the giving of that evidence or for the giving of contradictory evidence.

我在人权委员会是说了实话（当时失去生活来源时的绝望想法），而这个实话是加拿大政府依据以上这些法律迫使我说出的。由于我是被迫说出自己当时的想法，如果我的想法使任何人感到了威胁，那只能是加拿大政府强迫我威胁对方的，因为没有加拿大政府的要求我本来不会说出来的，也就没有人会感到被威胁了的。所以犯威胁罪的不是我而是加拿大政府。

But, for the commercial instruments used worldwide, evidence material that is obtained by the embassies or consulates stationed abroad of our country, evidence material that is obtained though Protocol of Mutual Justice Assistance or through diplomatic channel and the evidence material consented by both parties, shall not be subject to notarization, authentication or other identification procedures.

但是，对于用于国际流通的商业票据、我国驻外使领馆取得的证据材料、通过双边司法协助协定或者外交途径取得的证据材料以及当事人没有异议的证据材料，则无需办理公证、认证或者其他证明手续。

There is no definition of the electronic evidence provided by laws, and the electronic evidence discussing here is computer evidence, which is generated in the operating process of computer or network system, stored as digital format in the computer memory or external storage medium, and testifying the facts by its digital data or information. It is manifested as E-mail, electronic bulletin board, electronic document, electronic signature, electronic chatting record, web-page, web-video, database, etc.

我国法律法规对电子证据并无定义，本文探讨的电子证据是指计算机证据，即在计算机系统或者网络系统运行过程中产生的、以数字形式保存在计算机存储器或外部存储介质中、能够证明案件真实情况的电子数据或信息，其表现为电子邮件、电子公告板、电子文档、电子签名、电子聊天记录、网页、网络视频、数据库等多种形式。

Investigators could use PDAs with RFID readers to do this as they collect evidence at the crime scene, or they could bag evidence, label it with a numbered or bar-coded paper tag and record details in a book, as they have traditionally done, and then put RFID tags on the items and enter the item details into a database after they bring the items back to the evidence room.

调查人员可以使用 PDAs及RFID读写器来收集犯罪现场的证据。

The regulation the author is removed to structuring illegal evidence of our country brings forward a little feasibility's , has the operatability suggestion, believe in by efforts made for a period of time, the regulation illegal evidence of our country is removed is able to establish the form removing the regulation entireness with being put into effect , being reaching illegal actual union our country evidence anticipating really.

笔者对于构建我国非法证据排除规则提出一些可行性的、具有操作性的建议，相信经过一段时间的努力，我国的非法证据排除规则能够真正确立和实施，达到预想的结合我国实际的非法证据排除规则的完整形式。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？