查询词典 evidence

The credibility of a witness may be attacked or supported by evidence in the form of opinion or reputation, but subject to these limitations:(1) the evidence may refer only to character for truthfulness or untruthfulness, and (2) evidence of truthful character is admissible only after the character of the witness for truthfulness has been attacked by opinion or reputation evidence or otherwise.

对证人的可靠性可以通过意见证据或名声证据的形式予以质疑或支持，但受下列限制：(1)证据只能针对可信或不可信的品行，并且(2)关于可信品行的证据，只能在该证人的可信品行已受到意见证据或名声证据或其他证据的质疑之后，才具有可采性。

This article discusses the reasons why character evidence affects witness authenticity from the logical relevance and the legal relevance angle,giving the elimination rule of the character evidence and the exceptional case in the criminal procedure,and has proven the effect of guilty decision evidence and the honorary evidence on the witness authenticity,and the relevant rules should set up.

本文从逻辑相关性与法律相关性的角度探讨了品格证据能够影响人证真实性的原因，论述了刑事诉讼中品格证据排除规则及例外情况，论证了有罪判决的证据及名誉证据对人证真实性的影响以及应设立的相关规则。

Should EBM be used as evidence of malpractice litigation. If EBM can be used as evidence, should it be used as inculpatory or exculpatory evidence. Is it necessary to distinguish Taiwan EBM to foreign evidence.

面对实证医学与当事人进行主义发展的趋势，医学界与法律界应该对於实证医学与医疗行为准则，是否可以做为法庭上医疗照顾标准的依据，或者做为判定医疗纠纷的证据加以厘清。

In the part I, the concept, development and current lawmaking status of E-mail are introduced. In this part, the writer states the source, development and basic technical principals of E-mail and analyses its current application status and the importance of effectiveness identification of being evidence. Besides, related international laws on E-mail and lawmaking status in many countries are introduced. Present situation of our country's lawmaking and related model laws since the utilization of E-business and E-mail are also stated and discussed. Part II emphasizes on the differences between E-mail and traditional evidences and generalizes the characteristics of E-mail, i.e.: forgeability, changeability, dependence, uncertainty, duplicatability and transmission. Through the detailed analysis, the writer concludes that it is the above-mentioned characteristics to hinder E-mail becoming the effective evidence. Part III is the key one of this article and mainly discusses the effectiveness identification of E-mail as evidence. In this part, the writer states how the 5 characteristics of E-mail mentioned in Part II to affect the validity and authenticity of E-mail as evidence.

第一部分介绍了电子邮件的概念、发展及立法现状，在该部分中笔者详细阐述了电子邮件的产生、发展以及电子邮件运作的基本技术原理，论述了电子邮件目前的应用状况以及解决其作为证据被认定问题的重要性，同时还介绍了世界上与电子邮件有关的相关国际规范以及各国立法的情况，并讨论了我国自电子商务及电子邮件使用以来的立法现状以及相关的典型立法；第二部分重点阐述了电子邮件与传统证据的区别，并将这些区别归纳为电子邮件作为数据电文的一种类型所具有的特殊属性，即：易伪造性，易修改性，依附性，原件不确定性，易复制和传播性，通过对这些特性的详细阐述，得出了这些属性是导致电子邮件无法成为有效证据的主要障碍的这一结论；第三部分是本文的重点，着重讨论了电子邮件证据效力的认定问题，该部分主要阐述了第二部分提及的电子邮件的五个特性造成了电子邮件证据在合法性和真实性这二方面的障碍。

Evidence rule ; Illegal evidence ; Hearsay evidence ; Scientific evidence ; Expert witness

证据规则；非法证据；传闻证据；科学证据；专家证人

Penman think alter "conscience proof" analyses that definition of criminal lawsuit evidence should be defined again, that is to say, evidence is matter carrier including relative information of case, impeccability evidence or impeccability evidence clew should be investigated.

通过对"良心证明"问题的分析，笔者认为，应当重新考量刑事证据定义，即证据是蕴含案件相关信息的物质载体；有必要在刑事诉讼法中对专门机关附加相关义务，以保障无罪证据或无罪证据线索得到调查。

I think there are two aspects should be perfected. On Capacity of evidence, we should carry out direct wordage principle in litigation, set up franchise rules, exclude illegally obtained evidence. On weight of evidence, we should establish the principle of free evaluation of evidence through inner conviction, and give the evaluation necessary restrict in order to ensure the heart proof impersonally.

本文认为，在证据能力方面，我国应当在诉讼中贯彻直接言词原则，设立特权规则，对重大违法的证据予以排除；在证明力方面，应当确立自由心证原则，并对心证以必要的制约，以保障心证的客观化、合理化、公开化。

Cotemporary medicine mode emphasizes both experience and evidence, on the base of collecting the case history and physical examination, asking doctor to use of current best evidence to solve the clinical problems by evidence, lay down preventive and treat measure by searching and reviewing documents effectively and founding and using current best evidence.

现代医学模式是在强调经验医学的同时强调循证，即在仔细采集病史和体格检查基础上，要求临床医师进行有效的文献检索，运用评价临床文献的正规方法，发现最有关和正确的信息，最有效的应用证据，根据证据解决临床问题，制定疾病的预防措施和治疗措施。

The rule of experience determines the relevance of evidence; it determines the admissibility of evidence; it can be used to evaluate the probative force of evidence; and it has reasoning effects between the evidence and the fact.

一认定事实：经验法则决定证据的关联性；决定证据的可采性；评判证据价值；在证据与案件事实之间发挥推理作用。

The rule of criminal evidence includes rules and principles and prescripts about the concepts of evidence in criminal proceeding and achieving evidence and providing evidence and affirming evidence, which are ruled and affirmed in law.

刑事证据制度是指法律规定和确认的关于刑事诉讼的证据及相关概念，以及在刑事诉讼中取证、举证、确证的规则、原则和具体性规定。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了