查询词典 estimation

The dissertation turns out the software of Helmert variance component estimation and applied it into Sutong Bridge GPS control network adjustment. The control points coordinate precision are increased, it shows that Helmert variance component estimation is valuable to GPS control network adjustment in practice.

本文完成了Helmert方差分量估计软件的研制，并把该估计方法成功应用于苏通大桥GPS控制网平差处理中，经过验后估计的网点坐标精度得到提高，说明了赫尔默特方差分量估计在GPS网平差中的实用价值。

The results showed that:(1) we can mapping quantitative trait locus while estimating the variance component of QTL;(2) granddaughter design is better than daughter design when mapping QTL;(3) it is easy to map a QTL for trait with a high heriability and a large QTL variance contribution;(4) we can estimate the variance component of a QTL by TM-BLUP based on ML method whether the QTL has only 2 alleles or QTL has normal distributed alleles effects;(5) the estimation accuracy of variance component contributed by QTL was improved by using of grand daughter design;(6) the higher the heritability and the QTL variance contribution was, the more accurate estimation of QTL variance component.

结果表明：（1）采用随机QTL效应模型和最大似然法，在估计QTL方差组分的同时，能够定位QTL；（2）孙女设计与女儿设计相比，在其它因素相同时，容易检出QTL；（3）遗传力高，QTL方差贡献较大的性状，QTL检出的效果优于遗传力低，QTL方差贡献较小的性状；（4）无论QTL上有2个等位基因，还是QTL上等位基因的效应服从正态分布，都可将其看作随机效应，采用基于TM-BLUP的ML法，估计其方差组分和定位QTL；（5）QTL方差组分估计的准确性，孙女设计高于女儿设计；（6）遗传力高的性状，QTL方差贡献大的QTL，QTL方差组分估计的准确性高。

The article discussed statistic to estimate computative meaning, value, the principle that estimation should follow, the requirement that should have reachs the specific means with computative estimation.

本文论述了统计估计推算的涵义、重要性，估算应遵循的原则，应具备的条件及估计推算的具体方法。

Under some conditions, the consistency of kernel estimation is summarized in theory, and the estimation becomes more stable, the traditional parameter method has no such merit .

从理论上证明了在一定条件下，核估计的相合性。

Firstly, we suggest using context-free language to describe the start code string of MPEG-2 and using minimum-distance error-correcting parser to correct the errors in MPEG-2 start code string. This method hasn't been reported elsewhere. Secondly, side motion estimation rule is proposed for temporal error concealment and based on the rule, many new algorithms are proposed. Among which, the temporal error concealment method utilizing overlapped block motion compensation and side motion estimation rule has exceeded the best performance ever reported.

首先，提出用上下文无关语言描述MPEG-2起始码链，用最小距离误差校正剖析方法进行MPEG-2起始码链的识别与误差校正，该方法国际上尚未有同类报导；其次，提出了用边界运动估计准则进行时域错误掩盖，基于该准则提出了一系列新算法，其中基于重叠块运动补偿和边界运动估计准则的时域错误掩盖算法达到所有已知算法的最佳性能。

In chapter 5,a knowledge-based correction term for the objective function of parameter estimation is proposed.The relationship between the function extreme points of state estimatin and parameter estimation is deduced.A strategy of projecting the parameter objective function from the augmented solution space to the parameter space is proposed and proved.

第五章分析了电力系统状态估计和参数估计的理论依据并指出传统解法的不足，提出基于经验知识的参数估计目标函数修正项，推导了状态估计和参数估计目标函数极值点的关系，由此提出并证明了新的基于垂直投影的估计策略。

Third, the discussion of the corresponding relationship of the real angles to the apparent real angles is performed, the asymptotic bias and MSE of real angles are given. Fourth, based on above conclusions, the analysis of two typical cases is made by numerical analysis and computer simulation: Case A when the impinging signals are divided into desired signals and interfering signals: it is shown that similar to Cyclic estimation of DOA, the smaller the separation between interfering direction and signal direction, in general, the smaller the estimation variance.

首先，研究了无穷快拍时信号数目有误的最大似然估计，引入了视在真实角度的概念；其次，导出了视在真实角度最大似然估计大样本时的分布以及渐近均方误差的解析表达式，而且还证明了：Stoica性能分析结果是现在的分析结果在信号数目准确时的特例；第三，讨论了真实角度与视在真实角度的关系，给出了真实角度的渐近偏和渐近均方误差；第四，依据前面的结果，利用数值分析和模拟实验的方法对两种典型情况做了分析： 1 在入射信号被分为干扰信号和所需信号情况下：结果表明：与CyclicDOA估计一样，干扰方向与所需信号方向靠的越近，所需信号估计的方差越小，越远离，方差越大。

To solve the problem that the-spectrum estimation performance based on covariation under the-stable noise environmentbecomes obviously worse when the distribution parameter is small,a method of fractional low-order covariance spectrum estimation was proposed.

针对在分布参数值较小时稳定分布噪声下基于共变的谱估计性能较差这一问题，提出了一种分数低阶协方差谱估计方法。

a scheme of channel estimation using cyclic prefix based on the measurement of the low-voltage power line channel model is presented.after obtaining the frequency response of pilot sub-channel under the state of comb-type pilot,the data sub-channel response is obtained by interpolating the frequency response in frequency direction.in the pilot-free data period,the estimation of the channel is carried out by using cyclic prefix in order to improve the performance of system error rate.

摘 要：通过实际测量给出低压电力线的信道模型，在此基础之上提出了利用循环前缀对信道进行估计的方法，即在梳状导频模式时，使用导频获得导频子信道频率响应后，对其在频域方向进行插值得到数据子信道响应，在其后没有导频的序列的数据周期内，使用循环前缀对信道进行估计，从而起到改善系统误比特性能的目的。

Time-Frequency parameter estimation and direction finding for nonstationary signals impinging on an antenna array over a wide frequency band (2~18GHz) is under in-vestigation, and a new method for parameter and 2-D Angle-Of-Arrival estimation of spatio-temporal undersampled LFM sources is proposed in this paper.

摘要针对宽频段(2-18GHz)内非平稳来波信号的参数估计和测向问题，提出一种时空欠采样线性调频信号参数与二维到达角联合估计方法。

The production moved off-Broadway to New York City, where she won the Joseph E. Calloway award for her performance, and was profiled in American Theater Magazine as one of ten young theater artists to watch.

生产提出过百老汇的新的纽约市，在那里她赢得了约瑟夫calloway奖，她的表现，并于异型在美国的战区杂志之一， 10战区的青年艺术家观赏。

It's a risk tradeoff, and I believe that adding test support code usually wins.

这是一个风险的权衡，我相信添加测试代码通常会占上风。