查询词典 estimation of error

However, blind channel estimation is a very complex, very fargoing research topic. Because of the author's limit ability and time, only the simple subspace channel estimation method is studied. In the third part of this dissertation, the subspace channel estimation method in MIMO-OFDM systems is investigated.

信道盲估计技术因为仅仅根据接收到的序列来估计信道而特别有吸引力，盲估计方法大大提高了通信系统的吞吐量，因此，MIMO-OFDM系统中的盲信道估计技术成为一个研究热点。

Compared with the common LS channel estimation, the iterative algorithm of joint LS channel estimation and signal detection can highly promote the estimation accuracy. Moreover, the lowpass filtering in time domain reduces AWGN and intercarrier interference significantly. It enables OFDM systems to work well in mobile communications.

与一般的LS信道估计相比，基于OFDM的LS信道估计与信号检测的联合迭代算法可较大地提高估计的精度，而且通过时域低通滤波可有效地抑制AWGN和ICI的影响，可使OFDM系统在移动条件下较好地工作。

Studies the high precision estimation methods of echo frequency, proposes a simplified TLS-ESPRIT method for frequency estimation based on uniform sampling data. For moving platform, such as torpedo, proposes a time fusion algorithm for target status estimation based on multicycle data of single sensor.

c。深入研究了回波信号的高精度频率估计技术，提出了一种基于均匀采样数据的TLS-ESPRIT频率估计算法；针对运动平台，提出了一种单传感器多测量周期目标状态估计的时间融合算法；以炸点预测为例构造了相应的状态模型及算法，计算机仿真验证了融合算法的有效性。

The paper discusses moment estimation of parameters on Copulas with two kind of methods-moment estimation and approximate moment estimation, and compares two methods by simulation.

本文研究了Gumbel Copula函数的参数佑计，提出了矩估计和近似矩估计两种方法，分别得到了未知参数的估计结果，并通过模拟研究对这两种方法进行了比较，结果显示矩估计方法更为合理。

To demodulate the OFDM signals accurately, channel estimation algorithms are adopted. This paper examines the slow-fading estimation algorithms based on block pilot arrangement: LS and LMMSE algorithms, as well as the fast-fading channel estimation algorithms based on comb-type pilot arrangement: linear and transform domain interpolation algorithms.

本文分析了导频分布的两种方案：1块状导频分布，对基于块状导频分布方案的慢衰落信道估计算法：最小平方和线性最小均方误差算法进行了计算机仿真，比较了二者的估计性能，以及各自的优缺点；2梳状导频分布，对基于这种分布方案的快衰落信道估计算法进行了研究，对两类经典算法：线性插值法和基于变换域的插值法分别进行了理论分析和计算机仿真。

In addition, because motion vectors must be estimated in the process of region's motion parameters estimation, this paper discussed the theory and general methods of two-dimensional motion estimation and proposes a fast motion estimation algorithm based on the prediction of neighbour block's motion vector.

此外，由于在区域的运动参数估计过程中涉及到对运动矢量的估计，因此本文还讨论了二维运动矢量估计的原理和一般方法，并提出了一种基于邻域子块的运动矢量预测的快速运动估计算法。

The investigations included the following:（1） estimation of sea ice distribution by ship-based observations between Middle Weddell Sea and Prydz Bay;（2） estimation of sea ice distribution by aerial photography in the Prydz Bay;（3） direct measurements of fast ice thickness and snow cover, as well as ice core sampling in Nella Fjord;（4） estimation of melting sea ice patterns near the ZhongShan Station; and （5） observation of sea ice early freezing near the ZhongShan Station.

包括：（1）基于走航观测的威德尔海至普利茨湾之间海冰分布研究；（2）基于航空拍摄的普利茨湾海冰分布研究；（3）纳拉海峡固定冰和上浮雪厚度钻孔测量以及冰心钻取；（4）中山站附近融化冰的分布研究以及（5）中山站附近海冰早期冻结过程观测研究。

The algorithm firstly selects effective area,the extent of wet and dry,position offset as estimation factor,considering all estimation factors in order to obtain the total quality point,secondly the ultimate estimation result is obtained based on above,finally isolated block is removed by calculating the area of the remaining fingerprint.

该算法首先选取指纹图像的有效面积、干湿程度、位置偏移量作为评价因子，然后综合考虑各种评价因子求取总的质量分得到最终的评价结果；最后通过计算面积割除孤立的残留指纹。

For the all classes of dies, if we analyse the fluctuate, tendency of increase and decrease and law which appeared in the die's whole life, we will find that the master of the error are changeless; the error that because the abrade of the cutter and impression will be as the cutter grinding times increased at the same time. And that will cause the error oversize gradually; and also have another part error are unconventional , unforeseen.

对各类冲模冲件误差在冲模整个寿命中出现的波动、增减趋向及规律等进行全面分析便可发现：冲件误差的主导部分是不变的；因刃口或型腔的自然磨损而出现的误差增量随冲模刃磨冲数增加而使这部分误差逐渐加大；还有部分误差的增量是非常规的、不可预见的。

Because of fault in operation and the precision of instrument,the defect error and accidental error are involved in the procession of data collection,the defect error that are brought by mistakes of people and influence of outside is large,the contingency error that are inevitably and randomicity is little.

在采集数据过程中，由于某些操作或仪器原因，往往使数据中包含人为错误，或外界干扰产生的量值较大的"过失误差"以及不可避免的带随机性质且量值较小的"偶然误差"。

The network space is the typical form of abstract space when it comes to the digital stage.

网络空间是抽象空间数字化阶段的典型形式。

The Notarial System,as the system of judicial certification in our country,is both the constructor and the defender of social credit system,It has its special value and function in the social honesty.

公证制度作为我国司法证明制度，既是社会信用体系的建设者，同时也是社会信用的捍卫者，在诚信中有其特殊的价值和功能。