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Main factors to bring ultrasonic level measurement error were studied and emendable error model of ultrasonic level measurement instrument was established according to the error characteristics in the process of measuring.

本论文运用化学计量学中的回归分析法、最优化方法、模式识别方法和计算机技术，对原油生产集输过程的实时盘库系统（目前国内尚未解决的难题）和气相色谱分析进行研究，完成了以下研究工作。

By measuring the point features to obtain the orientation of the bone and by adding compesated cutting path, results shows that the angle error between the connection of Femoral and Tebial mechanical axis is 2.44 degree and the angle error is 0.75 degree in epicondylar axis, which met the error in practical requirement for total knee replacement surgery.

在本论文中已完成实物设计制作，最后以Saw bone作为切割实验，利用量测点取特徵点得其骨头方位并加入补偿值调整切割路径，其结果股骨和胫骨之连线与机械轴误差为2.44°、epicondylar axis角度误差为0.75°，以目前实验误差已可符合实际膝关节手术之要求。

In the intersatellite coherent optical communication, the vibration of a satellite will lead to a pointing error of transmitting and receiving antennas, which will decrease the signal-to-noise ratio and increase the bit error rate. In this paper, the Rayleigh distribution is taken as the pointing error model caused by satellite vibration, and PSK homodyne communication scheme is used as an example to analyze the influence of the satellite vibration on the system instantaneous BER and average BER. The simulation calculation result of BER is given.

针对星间相干激光通信中卫星平台的振动造成发射天线和接收天线的瞄准角误差，使系统信号信噪比下降，误码率增加，该文以瑞利分布作为振动造成的瞄准角误差模型，结合高斯本振光和艾里信号光外差检测模型，以PSK零差通信体制为例分析卫星振动对系统的瞬时误码率和平均误码率的影响，给出误码率仿真计算结果。

The adaptive compensation term of the optimal approximation error and a new robust term are adopted to minify the influence of modeling error and parameter estimation error.

该方案通过引入最优逼近误差的自适应补偿项和新的鲁棒项，削减建模误差和参数估计误差的影响，从而在稳定性分析中取消了要求逼近误差平方可积或逼近误差的上确界已知的条件。

In Chapter 2, we consider the error bound and the auxiliary problem algorithm for the generalized linear complementarity problem over a polyhedral cone: First, we give an absolute and a relative global error bound for GLCP and nondegenerate GLCP, respectively, and then we explore the properties of the solution set of the problem, based on which we establish another absolute and relative error bound for GLCP which is much exacter compared with the result above.

第二章主要研究了闭凸锥上广义线性互补问题的误差界及基于其上的一个求解GLCP的辅助问题算法：(1)给出了GLCP的全局绝对误差界和在有非退化解时的全局绝对误差界及其相对误差界；(2)对GLCP的解集结构进行了探讨，并利用得到的结果给出了GLCP的另一个全局绝对误差界和相对误差界估计；(3)我们提出了一个求解GLCP的辅助问题算法，并证明在适当条件下该算法具有全局收敛性。

As the result of theoretical analysis and practical test, the systematic error corrections of the second-order level measurement must include collimation error correction, refraction error correction and orthometric correction (altitude over more than 50 m in the examining area).

经理论分析与实际测试后发现二等水准测量须做视准轴误差、折射误差与正高改正（测区标高超过50公尺以上），而二等水准测量，则须加人视准轴误差，测区标高超过100公尺以上，亦需加人正高改正。

Differing from the feed-back error compensation method, the selflearning error pre-compensation method offered by the paper is based on both ANN and time series technique to obtain the error pre-compensating curve using the non-linear ANN pre-compensation model. Because of the self-learning character of the ANN, this new type of precompensation model can be self-adjusted.

与常规的反馈补偿方法不同，本文提出的自学习误差预测补偿方法，将时间序列预测与神经网络的自学习自适应优化建模技术相结合，利用神经网络非线性预测模型产生误差预补偿函数，并利用神经网络的自学习特性对所建预测模型进行修正，所以这种新型的误差补偿方法能够获得更高的误差补偿精度和控制速度，简单实用，适于推广，具有生产应用价值。

The predictive coding is based on the relativity between the neighboring pixels. On the coutrary, steganograph will destroy the relativity between the neighboring pixels. Through computing and analysing the predictive error of cover image and steg image, it is obtained that steganograph will increase the predictive error. So the predictive error can be used to detect steganograph.

该算法的基本思想是利用空域隐写会破坏图像相邻像素之间的相关性，而预测编码是利用图像相邻像素之间的相关性来预测的，这样隐写后图像的预测误差将会大于载体图像的预则误差，通过计算隐写前后图像的预测误差来分析图像中是否含有秘密信息。

This paper discusses some application cases of the error propagation law by the examples of trigonometrical survey, and presents that not only sum function and numeral multipling function in which there is only one independent observed value but also more complex functions which are equal in mathematics are not opposite in the process of error propagation according to the error propagation law.

1引言本文以三角测量为例，对误差传播定律一些应用问题进行了讨论，指出当只有一个独立的观测值时，和函数与倍数函数运用误差传播定律不会出现悖论；如果在测量工作中有多余的直接观测值，就需用平差后的间接观测值按协方差传播律来计算，这样数学中相等的函数关系才能得到同样的函

In this paper,the position accuracy improving method of the opening CNC system based on PMAC is analyzed,the servo-control algorithm which involves PID,velocity/acceleration feed forward control and notch filter and the error compensation function provided by PMAC is discussed,the pitch error compensation and the clearance error compens.

文章分析了在基于 PMAC 的开放式数控系统中提高定位精度的具体方法，对 PMAC 所提供的&PID+速度/加速度前馈+陷波滤波器&的伺服控制算法和误差补偿功能进行了阐述，将螺距误差补偿和间隙误差补偿应用于航空航天领域某型测控系统的系统误差补偿中，取得了良好效果。

Shop assistant: Please check at the door.

店员：请您到门口柜台交费。

In the end, transportation of PAHs in the environmental matrix was preliminarily investigated and discussed according to PAHs data of soils and sediments from a certain region in Shanghai. The result indicated that there are two or more pathways on PAHs transportation in the environmental matrix.

最后，对上海特定地区内PAHs在环境介质中的迁移径途进行了分析讨论，结果表明上海市土壤和沉积物等环境介质中PAHs的迁移存在多种途径。