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Both single and double-stable limit cycle flutter states are found in wind-tunnel test. And the conclusion is proofed that the equivalent linearization based on the second order asymptotic solution of KBM method is more accurate than that based on the first order one, which is equivalent to the conventional harmonic balance method.

风洞实验时，吹出了单、双稳定极限环颤振情形，并验证了基于KBM二次渐近解的当量线化分析比KBM法一次渐近解的当量线化分析要精确一些的结论。

Let L and P be Lie color algebras and let M be a graded module over P, the crossed modules which make M as their kernal and P as their cokernal are considered. It is shown that under a suitable equivalent relation, there is a bijection between the set of the equivalent classes CML and the homogeneous components of degree zero of H~3.

从交叉模的定义出发，对于给定的Lie color代数L，P以及阶化P模M，考虑所有以M为核、以P为余核的L的交叉模，在这些交叉模之间定义了一个等价关系，由此得到交叉模的等价类集CML，证明了CML与三维上同调群H~3的零次齐次部分之间存在一一对应，从而可以利用三维上同调群对Lie color代数的交叉模进行分类。

The fuzzy entropy based on equivalent relation is extended to generalize the fuzzy entropy based on general binary relation, and the calculating formula and the equivalent expression of the generalized fuzzy entropy are also given.

并将基于等价关系的粗糙集的模糊熵拓展到基于一般二元关系下粗糙集的广义模糊熵，给出了广义模糊熵的计算公式及等效表示形式。

Results Axioms of equivalent characterization is simplest and which is proved to be equivalent to the Boolean algebra.

结果 得出了Boole代数的等价刻画以及等价刻画中各条公理的独立性。

Based on a summary of main work in the field of analyzing impulse voltage distribution on normal transformer windings by computer over last several years, a new method for building up the equivalent circuit and calculating equivalent parameters of converter transformer is given in this paper. Meanwhile , a new method for calculating inductance parameters is given also .

本文在回顾总结国内外几十年来普通电力变压器波过程计算工作的基础上，从工程实际应用的观点出发，论述了换流变压器与普通的变压器在电磁性能、绝缘结构方面的不同之处，提出了换流变压器绕组波过程的等值电路和等值参数的计算方法，同时给出了一种新的电感参数的计算方法。

Based on analogy and equivalent method, presents an improved equivalent method to transform the capillary tube length and inner diameter.

在类比法和当量法基础上，提出多根毛细管之间长度、内径相互转换的当量方法。

One cartload of the enemy's provisions is equivalent to twenty of one's own, and likewise a single picul of his provender is equivalent to twenty from one's own store.

就地取给粮食一钟，相当于从本国运输二十钟；就地征集饲草一石，相当于从本国运输二十石。

At the beginning of this thesis, the author gives the definition and the equivalent definition of convex function, and then proves the equivalent relationship between them. Secondly the author proposes the decision theorem of convex function which provides a judgment basis of whether a function is a convex function. Thirdly the author summarizes and proves the convex function's operational, basic, differential and integral property. Finally the author proves several famous convex function inequalities, such as Jensen inequality, Holder inequality, Cauchy inequality. The author also provides the application of these inequalities and illustrates the importance of convex function's basic inequality and integral property in the proving process.

本文开始给出了凸函数的定义及等价定义，并证明了它们之间的等价关系；接着提出了凸函数的判定定理，对一个函数是否是凸函数提供判断依据；然后对凸函数的运算性质、基本性质、微分性质、积分性质四个方面的性质进行了总结，并给予了证明；最后证明了凸函数的几个著名不等式詹森不等式、赫尔德不等式、柯西不等式，给出了这几个不等式的一些应用实例，并举例说明凸函数的基本性质和积分性质在不等式证明过程中的重要作用。

At the beginning of this thesis, the author gives the definition and the equivalent definition of convex function, and then proves the equivalent relationship between them. Secondly the author proposes the decision theorem of convex function which provides a judgment basis of whether a function is a convex function. Thirdly the author summarizes and proves the convex function's operational ,basic , differential and integral property. Finally the author proves several famous convex function inequalities, such as Jensen inequality, Holder inequality, Cauchy inequality and Minkowski inequality. The author also provides the application of these inequalities and illustrates the importance of convex function's basic inequality and integral property in the proving process.

本文开始给出了凸函数的定义及等价定义，并证明了它们之间的等价关系；接着提出了凸函数的判定定理，对一个函数是否是凸函数提供判断依据；然后对凸函数的运算性质、基本性质、微分性质、积分性质四个方面的性质进行了总结，并给予了证明；最后证明了凸函数的几个著名不等式詹森不等式、赫尔德不等式、柯西不等式和闵可夫斯基不等式以及这几个不等式的应用，并举例说明凸函数的基本性质和积分性质在不等式证明过程中的重要作用。

I We present a characterization of equivalent chain graphs based on local transformations, and give an algorithm to transform one chain graph into an equivalent one.

链图可以含有有向边和无向边，因而能够反映相关关系和因果关系，我们主要讨论了三个问题。

Looking to bounce back from defeat against Cesena last weekend, the Calabrian boss will be sticking to his tried and tested 4-3-3, with Lopez and Sedivic joined up front in Giampaolo's absence by either Nanni or Plasmati.

鉴于上周末对切塞纳的比赛中反败为胜，这支南方球队将会更坚持其一贯而有效的4-3-3阵型，洛佩斯和塞德维奇将取代受伤缺席的詹保罗，和纳尼或者帕斯马蒂中的一个搭档锋线。

Meanwhile, their exposure to the more freewheeling ways of the West broadened dramatically.

另外，西方较自由的生活方式对年轻人的影响增大。