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The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

Enter username [a-z0-9_-]: user22 Enter full name : Enter shell bash csh date no sh : Enter home directory [/home/user22]: Uid [1007]: Enter login class: default : Login group user22 [user22]: Login group is ''user22''.

比adduser命令功能更复杂的命令为pw，管理员能使用它来完成各种复杂的用户管理任务，包括增加、删除用户，以及修改用户的各项参数设置。

Fault Analysis and Treatment: An estimated following reasons: 1 self-completion computer emerged in the interface when activated by pressing the reset button, will appear in the start menu option to start, and the default choice is the safe mode, if the Press key, the system will enter the safe mode, restart the computer only needs to enter to the normal mode; 2 The system file is damaged or subjected to virus infection, resulting in Windows98 operating system can not enter into normal mode, can only enter the Safe Mode.

故障分析与处理：估计有以下几种原因：1）电脑在自检完成出现启动界面的时候按下了复位键，在启动时会出现启动菜单选项，并且默认选择的是安全模式，如果此时按键，系统便会进入安全模式，只需要重新启动电脑即可进入到正常模式；2）系统文件被破坏或遭受病毒感染，造成Windows98操作系统不能进入到正常模式，只能进入安全模式。

Enter a race; enter an agreement; enter a drug treatment program; enter negociations.

参与比赛；参与协议；参与一个药物治疗程序；参与谈判。

Reception management module for preconcert room、cancel reservation、enter room、exchange room、quit room so on; check center module for check enter、check history roomer、check reservation and check counter so on; Stat. report module for enter report、room consumed report、settle accounts report and enter Stat. report so on; foundation information module for operator management and room management so on; system setup module for purview management、system setup.

前台接待管理模块中实现客房预订、取消预定、客房入住、换房、退房等；查询中心模块中实现在店房客查询、历史房客查询、预定查询等；统计报表模块中实现宾客入住报表、宾客结账报表、入住率统计报表等；基础数据模块中实现操作员管理、客房管理等；系统管理模块中实现权限管理、系统设置等功能。

Position the cursor to the " aintenance Options" options, and then press the Enter-key in the sub-interface, the cursor position to the " tilities" option, to car will be asked to select the hard disk repair, now can choose their own needs, and then press Enter to enter the sub-interface, the cursor position to the "Zero Fill Drive"(zero-filled disk) option, and press enter button will appear after the red warning message.

将光标定位到"aintenance Options"选项，然后按回车键，在出现的次级界面中，将光标定位到"tilities"选项，回车后系统会要求选择需要修复的硬盘，此时可以根据自己的需要进行选择，然后按回车进入次级界面，将光标定位到"Zero Fill Drive"选项，按回车键后会出现红色的警告信息。

I will take them out and let them enter Paradise.(Qatada added: I heard Anas saying that) the Prophet said,'I will go out and take them out of Hell and let them enter Paradise, and I will return for the third time and will ask my Lord for permission to enter His house, and I will be allowed to enter.

我会带他们出去，让他们进入天堂（塔达说：我听到阿纳斯说）先知说，'我还会走出去，并带他们出去的地狱，让他们进入天堂，我会回报至于第三时间，并会要求我的上帝，为获准进入他的房子，而我将被允许进入。

I will take them out and let them enter Paradise.(Qatada added: I heard Anas saying that) the Prophet said,'I will go out and take them out of Hell and let them enter Paradise, and I will return for the third time and will ask my Lord for permission to enter His house, and I will be allowed to enter.

我会带他们出去，让他们进入天堂（塔达说：我听到阿纳斯说）先知说，'我还会走出去，并带他们出去的地狱，让他们进入天堂，我会回报至於第三时间，并会要求我的上帝，为获准进入他的房子，而我将被允许进入。

But first you need a map Go to the main entrance and wait till the lady drops the map in the bin, pick it up and read it Go back outside and pickup a spade hidden behind some grass Use the spade to dig a hole where the map says is a tunnel You will now enter the sewer line Pick up the rope under water in the bottom left corner Swing the rope to join it to the hook on the roof (you may need to do this a few time) You now will enter the male bathroom Grab the wire cutters on the shelf Use the wire cutters to cut the power to the lights and the alarm You will now crawl through the air conditioning and enter the vault room Pick up the paper weight on the computer desk Now throw the paper weight at the right time to knock the guard down Grab the mobile phone from the guards pocket Use the mobile phone and you will put it up against the computer Now press scan and it will give you a unique number Use this unique number to enter the vault You now have all the money you want!

但首先，你需要一个地图去到正门等到夫人滴地图，在雨夜，挑了，并宣读了它回去外面和皮卡实话实背后隐藏的一些基层使用铁锹挖一个洞，那里的地图说，是一个隧道您现在可以进入下水道线拿起绳子下的水在左下角摆动绳索加入到钩子在屋顶上（你可能需要做的，这几个时间）你现在将进入男浴室抓斗钢丝刀具货架用丝刀，以切断电源，以灯光和警报你现在爬透过空调系统和进入金库室拿起文件重对电脑桌现在把纸的重量，在适当的时候就敲打该警惕抢到手机，从警卫口袋使用移动电话，你会把这个问题，对付电脑现在新闻扫描，它会给你一个独特的号码利用这一独有的编号进入跳马你现在所有的钱，你想要！

Choi to pay a deposit of 20,000 yuan with nature, in order to enter into a contract for the sale of real estate secured, it is both the commercial and residential housing can have a disagreement which led to failure to enter into a contract for the sale of commercial housing , and the subscription book, there is no clear agreement on this issue, it failed to enter into a contract for the sale of commercial housing is not attributable to the reasons for the parties, the two sides do not exist at fault, the deposit does not apply penalties, the plaintiff to pay the deposit should be returned.

经审理，法院认为崔某交一定的押金20000元，性质，以签订合同的销售不动产担保，这是双方的商业和住宅可以有分歧，而导致未能进入销售合同的商业住房，认购书，但没有明确就这一问题达成协议，但未能进入销售合同的商业住房不归于的原因，各方，双方不存在过错，存款不适用刑罚，原告支付定金应退还。

The circulation, consumption and reproduction of the trilogy have not only testified to its historical significance and literariness, but also invested it with new meanings.

该三部曲的流通、消费与再生产不仅验证了其历史意义及文学性，而切还赋予它以新的意义。

If he thought that he could buy me off, he would be wrong.

如果他认为他可以收买我，那他就大错特错了。