查询词典 endosperm

We found that the immature embryos of the crosses T. aestivum×Ae. tauschii must be rescued because of shriveling of endosperm in hybrid seeds, and the percentage of embryos obtained was 9.22% on the average.

结果显示，普通小麦与粗山羊草杂交不能正常结实，进行幼胚拯救可获得组培苗，成胚率达到9.22%；矮败与Y215杂种F1自交不育，与普通小麦回交可正常结实，但BC1自交结实率极低。

The main breeding methods of triploid grape such as crossing between diploid and tetraploid cultivars, endosperm culture, using 2n gametes and bud mutation etc.

探讨了三倍体葡萄育种的主要途径如利用二倍体和四倍体杂交、胚乳培养、利用2n配子和芽变选择等。

Kernel filling, endosperm cell number and substance metabolism between apical kerenl and middle-basal kernel were analyzed and compared.

采用人工同步授粉法，分析比较玉米果穗上部和中下部籽粒灌浆、胚乳细胞数目及物质代谢方面的差异。

Seeds with thin or no endosperm; cotyledons broad.

种子具薄的或没有胚乳；子叶宽。

The method is based on a genetic model containing both the direct effects and maternal effects of an endosperm QTL and on an experimental design termed two-stage hierarchical design, in which the trait information is obtained from F3 endosperms and molecular marker information is obtained from F2 plants and F3 embryos.

文章提出了包括胚乳效应和母体效应的胚乳性状QTL定位的统计方法，该方法的实验设计是分子标记基因型信息来自F2母体植株和F3种子胚，胚乳性状表型值来自F3单粒种子胚乳，称之为两步等级设计。

We found the relationship among starch metabolism, metabolisms of other components and gene expressing profiling due to the accumulation of sugar. Then, genes expression patterns of starch biosynthesis in leaves and developing endosperms of 5 maize inbreds were studied for the contribution of different genes to starch biosynthesis in endosperm.

为深入了解玉米淀粉合成的分子调控机理，本研究首先以B73、ae/wx和sh1授粉后15天的胚乳为材料，利用18K Affymetrix玉米基因组芯片平台，研究了突变体材料中基因表达谱的变化，发现了淀粉合成受阻后糖的积累对其它物质代谢和基因表达调控的影响；在此基础上，对可能参与淀粉合成的基因以多个自交系为材料，分析它们在叶片和胚乳发育过程中的表达模式，研究了不同成员对胚乳淀粉合成的贡献。

Forward and reverse subtractive cDNA libraries were constructed using suppression subtractive hybridization method,using 10 DAP and 20 DAP endosperms of the two inbreds.The four subtracted cDNA libraries enriched gene expressed specifically or at higher level in early stage and middle stage of endosperm development for N04 and Dan232,respectively.

利用抑制差减杂交方法，分别构建了自交系N04和丹232 10 DAP和20 DAP胚乳的正反向4个抑制差减杂交库，分别富集了N04胚乳早期、N04胚乳中期、丹232胚乳早期和丹232胚乳中期增强表达的基因。

The seed embryoes were penetrated by 〓 ion beams of 75 MeV/u and the seed endosperms were implanted by the proper degraded 〓 ions, and soluble protein of the seedling in M1 generation was divided into 5 sections to analyze their changes at different molecular weight. 1 In comparison with control, the relative content of the second section (molecular weight is heavier in all sections) of all irradiated materials got down, while the relative content of the fifth section (molecular weight is the lightest) of those went up. 2 The penetrating seeds made the relative content of the first section (molecular weight is the heaviest) and the third section (mid-molecular weight) drop, while the fourth section went up. Moreover, the changes of the third section and the fourth section of the penetrated materials were clearly different from those of the implanted materials. 3 The difference between implanted embryo and implanted endosperm existed in deeper dropping of the first section and higher rising of the fifth section on relative content of soluble protein of the latter. 4 On irradiated materials at lower doses, there were exceptional changes of soluble protein, it may be thought that there was excited effect of low dose.

1.75MeV／u 〓O〓离子经过适当降能后注入小麦种子的不同部位和贯穿整个种子，对其M1代幼苗的可溶性蛋白质组分以及电泳中不同区段蛋白质组分相对含量加以分析，结果表明：1）同对照相比，随着辐照剂量的增加，所有辐照材料第二区段蛋白质组分的相对含量下降；而第五区段蛋白质组分的相对含量升高。2）种子的贯穿处理，同时也引起第一区段和第三区段蛋白质组分相对含量的下降以及第四区段的升高；其中第三、四区段的变化明显区别于注入效应。3）注入胚和胚乳的区别在于后者第一区段蛋白质组分相对含量的较大下降和第五区段的较大提高。4）小剂量辐照的材料，可溶性蛋白质组分的变化异常，可能与低剂量辐射兴奋效应有关。

Based on brief introduction of nutritional components,development,and genetic control of endosperm,it is reviewed on a serial of novel mutations,such as the waxy,dull,misty,sugary,shrunk,floury,low amylose,high amylose, low paste viscosity,high resistant starch,low glutelin content,protein body absent,high iron,low phytic acid endosperms and gene locations of the related mutated characters.

本文在简要介绍胚乳的发育、组成及品质性状遗传的基础上，综述了与淀粉、蛋白质和微营养相关的系列胚乳突变及相关性状的基因定位。胚乳突变主要包括糯性、暗色、云雾状、糖质、皱缩、粉质米、低直链淀粉、高直链淀粉、低粘滞性、高抗性淀粉、低水溶性蛋白、蛋白体缺失、高赖氨酸、高铁、低植酸等方面。

Expression patterns of genes differentially expressed in starch metabolism and cell cycle during endosperm development7 DAP kernals, 15 DAP endosperms and 25 DAP endosperms of B73, ae/wx and sh1 were used to study the expression patterns of 18 differentially expressed genes in sugar metabolism and 9 differentially expressed genes in cell cycle. We found that the expression patterns of Pul, SBEⅡa, UGPase, SUS3, SSⅡa in sh1 and Sh2-1, SUS3, SSⅡa in ae/wx were altered, revealing that these genes may interact with each other.

碳水化合物代谢基因和细胞周期基因随胚乳发育的变化以B73、ae/wx、sh1授粉后7天种子、15天和25天胚乳为材料，分析18个糖代谢差异基因和9个细胞周期调节相关的差异基因的表达模式，研究发现sh1突变体中Pul、SBEⅡa、UGPase、SUS3和SSⅡa基因表达模式发生改变，ae/wx突变体中Sh2-1、SUS3和SSⅡa基因表达模式发生改变，揭示了突变体对这些基因的巨大影响，反映了它们可能存在相互作用。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。