查询词典 endoscopic

RESULTS Duodenal ulcer was the first cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Gastric ulcer, cirrhosis, Mallory-Weiss syndrome or acute gastric mucous lesion was the second cause of the illness alternatively. The rate of endoscopy and emergent endoscopy has been going up year after year and got up to 80% in 1998. Bleeding and active hemorrhage, respectively were found in 24.3% and 14.9% of the patients underwent endoscopy before medication. Endoscopic hemostasis was performed in 108 patients by spraying hemostatics and a good response was achieved subsequently. Hemostatics were mainly cimetidine and yunnan baiyao before 1994. Reptilase, pPI, famotidine and ranitidine were used increasingly while cimetidine and yunnan baiyao were used decreasingly. Octreotide was used in patients with cirrhosis commonly. The length of hospital stay and the period from admission to bleeding cease tended to be shorter year by year, but the reduction rate was small. The uses of ranitidine, famotidine, pPI, reptilase, octreotide, early endoscopy and endoscopic therapy may play a role in improving the therapeutic effect of hemostasis, reducing the hospitalization and the mortality.

结果 十二指肠球部溃疡是历年上消化道出血的首要原因，胃溃疡、肝硬变、Mallory -Weiss综合征、急性胃粘膜病变则交替成为第2位出血原因；内镜诊断率和急诊内镜率逐年提高，1998年达到80%，内镜下见出血者占内镜检查的24.3%，而见到活动性出血者仅占内镜检查者的14.9%；内镜下止血108例次，成功率100%；1994年前治疗药物主要为云南白药和甲氰咪胍，之后，随着立止血、质子泵抑制剂、法莫替丁、雷尼替丁等药物使用的逐渐增多，前二者的使用逐渐减少，善得定多用于肝硬变出血；住院天数和止血天数呈逐年下降的趋势，但幅度微小；雷尼替丁、法莫替丁、PPI、立止血、善得定的使用以及及时的内镜检查和内镜下治疗在提高止血效果、缩短住院天数、降低死亡率方面可能起到了一定作用。

Objective: To study the efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopan creato graphy and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage in the diagnosis and therapy of bile leakage after cholecystectomy.

目的：探讨经内镜逆行胰胆管造影和经内镜鼻胆管引流在胆囊切除术后胆漏诊治中的应用价值。

Objective To explore the impact on endoscopic sinus surgery by middle turbinate hypothermy plasma for treating the patients who had chronic sinusitis.Methods Forty cases of sinusitis were retrospectively analyzed. All had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery with middle turbinate hypothermy plasma.

目的 探讨中鼻甲低温等离子消融在慢性鼻窦炎鼻内窥镜手术治疗中的作用方法回顾分析40例中鼻甲行低温等离子消融的鼻内窥镜手术的临床资料。

Objective: To evaluate the technique and effectiveness of endoscopic treatment of laryngostenosis using CO_2 laser and give a clinical evaluation of CO_2 laser endoscopic bilateral posterior wedge-shaped cordectomy in patients with severely compromised airway due to bilateral paralysis of the vocal fold.

目的：通过对施行喉显微激光手术治疗的喉狭窄患者进行随访，探讨显微支撑喉镜下CO_2激光在喉狭窄治疗中应用的优势和不足，并评估CO_2激光双声带后份楔形切除术治疗双侧声带麻痹的临床应用价值。

Among the sampling methods used to investigate the pathogens responsible for rhinosinusitis, maxillary sinus puncture is considered to be the gold standard. Although endoscopic middle meatal culture seems to correlate well with the results obtained by maxillary sinus puncture, the reliability of documentation of bacteria by endoscopic culture in children with rhinosinusitis is still unknown. Finally, because studies on current bacterial resistance patterns in pediatric patients are limited, we employed maxillary sinus puncture to obtain sinus secretions for bacterial culture and analysis of antibiotic resistance in children with chronic rhinosinusitis.

关於鼻窦的培养方法，一般而言上颌窦穿刺为公认获得鼻窦细菌培养的准则，虽然证据显示在成人使用内视镜中鼻道培养的结果与上颌窦穿刺所获得的培养结果相关性很高，不过目前儿童使用内视镜中鼻道培养的可信度依然不明，因此我们的研究也比较鼻及鼻窦炎病童上颌窦穿刺与内视镜中鼻道培养的结果，以厘清在儿童使用内视镜中鼻道采样培养鼻窦致病菌的可信度。

Maxillary sinus puncture was performed on these patients both for sampling of sinus contents and irrigation of the diseased sinuses. Aspirate contents of the sinuses were collected for aerobic and anaerobic cultivation. 3 A prospective study of pediatric patients with community-acquired rhinosinusitis was conducted. Bacterial culture was performed on the specimens obtained from maxillary sinus by puncture and middle meatus by endoscopic sampling. The correlation and diagnostic usefulness of endoscopic middle meatal culture versus maxillary sinus puncture were determined.

我们搜集鼻咽癌放射线治疗后患有急性上颔窦炎的病人，以上颔窦穿刺搜集这些病患的鼻窦分泌物并冲洗其患病的鼻窦，收集到的鼻窦分泌物则送往实验室做细菌培养。3 我们执行前瞻性研究，收集患有社区感染鼻及鼻窦炎的儿童，这些病童会同时接受内视镜中鼻道培养与上颌窦穿刺培养，为了厘清儿童使用内视镜中鼻道培养的可信度，我们计算内视镜中鼻道培养与上颌窦穿刺培养结果的关联性与诊断测试。

Objective:To provide detailed anatomical data of the theory and practice for endoscopic surgery in the PPF by studying the related applied anatomy of PPF through the lateral wall of the nasal cavity approach of endoscopic middle meatal transpalatine approach、middle meatal transantral approach and inferior turbinectomy transantral approach respectively.

目的：通过鼻内镜下鼻腔外侧壁中鼻道经腭骨入路、中鼻道经上颌窦入路、下鼻甲切除经上颌窦入路三种手术入路方式对翼腭窝进行相关应用解剖学研究，为临床鼻内镜下翼腭窝手术提供详实的解剖学理论和实践基础。

Results: All of 19 patients who received simple insertion and regular change of ureter stents experienced consistent improved renal function. Of 5 patients treated with antegrache or retrograde endoscopic ureterotomy/dilation and long-term indwelling of Di stent, 4 showed recovered and stable renal function, and 1 changed to nephrostomy because of unsatisfying outcomes. Three patients received permenant nephrostomy after unsuccessful endoscopic attempts and remained functionally uneventful.

结果：19例单纯输尿管内插入内支架管并定期更换，肾功能改善并基本保持稳定。5例采用顺行或逆行的输尿管镜内切开和／或扩张治疗，并长期停留双J管，4例肾功能有所恢复并稳定，1例效果不理想，改行肾造瘘。3例试行窥镜处理失败，改行长期肾造瘘，肾功能保持稳定。

endoscopic injection therapy was performed for 168 patients diagnosed as duodenal ulcer bleeding with active hemorrhage or a nonbleeding visible vessel and clinical and endoscopic factors related to the therapeutic failure were analyzed.

对168例有活动性出血或裸露血管的十二指肠溃疡出血患者进行内镜注射治疗，并从临床和内镜方面分析注射治疗失败的相关因素。

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic sphincterotomy for cholangiopancreatic disease.

中文摘要：目的：探讨经内镜逆行胰胆管造影和内镜下Oddi括约肌切开在胆胰疾病诊疗中的应用效果。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。