查询词典 emphasized

With the support of a major research grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101027) and the Plan of Promoting Education of Excellence of Zhejiang University in the 21st Century, this dissertation is devoted to address the above problems and fabricate an L-band EDFA with low cost, high performance and technological innovation.First the mechanism of an erbium doped fiber amplifier is introduced. Various theoretical models based on classical rate propagation equations are summarized and compared for their applications. We use a modified numerical model based on the Giles model, which agrees with the experimental results well. This serves as the theoretical base for the whole thesis and will be used to optimize the characteristics of EDFAs. A novel method based on a map of noise figure and gain is proposed to analyze efficiently the dependence of the noise figure and gain for EDFAs on the EDF length and the pump power. The characteristics of various EDFAs are studied and compared.Secondly, some important parameters are introduced to describe the characteristics of EDFAs. The methods and the experimental setups for measuring the gain and noise figure of an EDFA are emphasized. We introduce how to measure the characteristics of each component of an EDFA, especially the gain and absorption coefficient of an erbium doped fiber.Thirdly, four types of simple and novel L-band EDFA structures with low noise, high gain and low gain ripple are proposed to satisfy the requirement of a DWDM system. They can be classified into two categories. In the first category, a single ASE pumping is served asa secondary pump. This category includes the following three types. Type: a new construction using a fiber Bragg grating in an unpumped EDF section at the input side. Type: a new structure of L-Band EDFA with two-stage pumps, which utilizes the forward ASE as a second pump.

本论文本着科技创新、服务于生产实践的精神，以设计价格低廉，性能优越、结构合理简单的L-band EDFA为目标，依托浙江省科技厅重大科学基金资助项目(001101027)和浙江大学振兴教育计划资助的全光网络的搭建—《光通信技术》课程实验建设项目，展开了如下工作：首先，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理，归纳总结了基于速率方程基础的EDFA的各种理论模型，分析比较了各个模型的特点和适用场合，最终选择完善的Giles理论模型作为本论文分析设计EDFA的理论基础；针对实际实验条件提出了修正的EDFA模型的数值计算方法；创新地提出了增益—噪声系数全局分析法，直观有效地分析了EDFA的增益和噪声系数与掺铒光纤长度和泵浦功率的依赖关系，并对各种EDFA的性能作了全面的比较；第二，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器特性参数的定义与测量方法，重点介绍了噪声系数和增益系数的测量方法及实验装置；介绍了组成掺铒光纤放大器各组件的特性测量方法，重点介绍了测量掺铒光纤参数的方法和实验装置；第三，针对WDM系统对L-band EDFA谱平坦、低噪声、高增益的要求，我们创新地提出了四种不同的L-band EDFA结构，按设计思路可以分为两大类：一类是基于单抽运二级泵浦法，这一类包括在未泵浦掺铒光纤的输入端插入一根布拉格光纤光栅的两段L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于前向ASE光作为二级泵浦源推动下一级EDF工作的泵浦分配、两段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于单根光纤光栅、泵浦分配、两段级联的EDFA；另一类则是基于同时应用前后向C-band ASE作二级泵浦源的双抽运法，如基于前后向ASE光作为二级泵浦源的三段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构。

Opening the people"s intelligence " with the purpose of teaching beginners, under the advocating promoting energetically of Liang Qichao ,etc, the idea of the novel has changed enormously: Novel status is improved fast , and it enters literature palace and becomes " upper strata of literature "; The social function of the novel gets unrestrictedly exaggerated and emphasized, the artistic function is probed into and paid attention to.

近代在&开启民智&以启蒙的目的下，在梁启超等人的大力倡导推动下，小说观念发生了巨大的变化：小说地位得以迅速的巨大的提高，进入文学殿堂并成为&文学之最上层&；小说的社会功能得到无限制的夸大与强调，艺术功能得以探讨与重视。

In college student's thoughtful and political education,the importance and urgence of college student's education of ideal and faith must be emphasized.

中共中央国务院发出的《关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见》，明确提出&以理想信念教育为核心，深入进行树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观教育&，是加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的主要任务。

In doing so,educational conceptions should be changed.According to the future vacational needs,the teaching contents should be cut down and rearranged in order to create a course system with a model and optimization.Instead of traditional teaching method of "input",modern teaching methods such as elicitation,guidance and discussion should be used.Combination of humane education with natural scientifical education should be emphasized so as to improve the general qualities of the students.

具体实施上应转变教育观念、更新教学内容，根据职业岗位的需要，跨学科对教学内容进行裁减重组，推进模块式课程体系建设，构建整体优化的课程体系；要彻底改变&灌输式&的传统教学方法，积极推进启发式、引导式、讨论式教学方法和现代化教学手段；要强调人文教育与现代自然科学教育相结合，实行宽口径的专业教育，提高学生的综合素质。

I want to thank everyone and emphasized that, after five years, I am a Valencian more, as are my two daughters.

我想感谢所有人，我想说，五年来，我更感觉自己像是一名瓦伦西亚人，就像我的两个女儿一样。

Yoniso" is emphasized a great deal in this practice, because proper "yoniso leads to realizing dukkha (dukkha vedana and sankhara dukkha).

在这个修法中我们强调「如理作意」，因为「如理作意」可以让我们了解苦（见1-4-4-1节，苦的种类）。

Of viatical settlements in Hong Kong. They emphasized

直至目前为止，该会从未批准过任何此类产品在港作公开

And emphasized on analyzing the reason of causing voltaic pulsatile and torque pulsatile, research the method of voltaic control and torque control.

并且重点对导致电流脉动和转矩脉动的原因进行了分析，深入研究了转矩脉动抑制和电流控制的方法。

the ground of the article synopsis introduced wetly, artificial marsh of general situation.discuss the artificial marsh constucts with modern water environment in city and emphasized to introduce hun south artificial in sun city marsh the eco-system is in water environment in city and ecosystem environment the construction of function and position, explain artificial marsh in alleviate the water resources in city the strain and the decontamination environment in the city of don't can act for of function, thus argument artificial marsh the eco-system is the conclusion that a kind of ecosystem means necessarily will develop a huge function in the modern city to the conversion progress of the ecosystem city.

文章简要地介绍了湿地、人工湿地的概况。论述了人工湿地与现代城市水环境建设，着重介绍了沈阳市浑南人工湿地生态系统在城市水环境及生态环境建设中的作用和地位，说明了人工湿地在缓解城市水资源紧张及净化城市环境中的无可替代的作用，从而论证了人工湿地生态系统作为一种生态手段必将在现代城市向生态城市的转化进程中发挥出巨大作用的结论。

I have emphasized the importance of individual difference so wordily.

我想我已经对个体差异在管理中的重要性啰嗦够了。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐