查询词典 elucidate

Constitution. The research objective of the paper is to clarify and dialyze the phenomenon, reveal the underlying conditions and the causes, and try to extend and elucidate it.

本论文的研究目标是：廓清和透析这一现象，全面、深入地揭示其背后的支撑条件和形成原因，并作引申、阐发的努力尝试。

In order to explore the feature of Diarrhetic shellfish poisoningproduction and elucidate the complicate mechanism of DSP biosynthesis, production of DSP in different growth phases in Prorocentrum lima and under different nutrients conditions was investigated by ELISA.

为了解海洋底栖甲藻——利玛原甲藻的产毒特征，阐明腹泻性贝毒（Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning， DSP）复杂的生物合成机制，采用酶联免疫试剂盒，对利玛原甲藻不同生长期、不同营养盐条件下毒素生成情况进行了研究。

To determine the true rate of aneuploidy and to elucidate the mechanism of aneuploidy,the sperms were decondensed for FISH analysis. It was found that the disomic frequencies of chromosome X was 0.208%. A new decondensation method was developed by trypsin treatment. The basic morphology of sperm was maintained.

为了解非整倍体的真实发生率及其发生机制，本文以X染色体α卫星DNA探针进一步检测出正常精子中X染色体的二体型频率为0.208％，同时，建立了一种保持精子基本形态的胰酶去凝聚的方法，为目前国内尚未开展的精子遗传物质结构的分子细胞遗传学研究，提供了新的手段。

This work might lead to develop many better methods or means of preventing and controlling dysenteric diarrhea.To elucidate the role of H-NS protein in bacterial physiology, the hns gene insertion and deletion mutants were constructed with RecA and Red recombination system. Then, growth curve and invasion ability of wild strain and deletion mutant were studied.

为了更深入的了解hns基因在细菌生命活动中所起的作用，我们首先利用RecA重组系统构建了痢疾杆菌2457T hns基因的插入突变体；随后，对基于Red重组系统的痢疾杆菌2457T缺失突变体的构建方法进行了摸索并成功地敲除了hns、hdeA、hdeB、yhiE和yhiF 5个基因，研究表明延长同源臂的长度可以明显提高同源重组的效率，缩短构建缺失突变体所需的时间。

The last angle of this paper was discussing the function of Buddhist Monasteries in Dunhuang area during the mediaeval times , analyzing the relationship between Dunhuang Buddhist Monasteries and various social stratums, different nationalities and so on, uncovering the function to the Government of Guiyijun and the social life of common people in Dunhuang and even Hexi area, manifesting the characteristic of its earthliness as the religious opening space of social populace, showed the infiltration Buddhism performed in the public business, and making new beneficial attempt to elucidate the social function of Buddhist.

本文研究的另一视角系探讨敦煌僧寺在中古敦煌地区的活动情况，与不同阶层、不同民族人群的关系，从而展示其在敦煌乃至河西地区世俗政权、下层民众社会生活中的作用，凸现其作为社会群众的宗教性场所的人间性与世俗性的特征，全面体现佛教对世俗社会事务的渗透，并对佛教的社会功能的诠释上做出新的有益的尝试。

Our three groups in SCBB will conduct one project in this grant (three projects in this grant total), which is "Screen mutants interfering the development or regeneration of endodermal organs and study their functional mechanisms". In this project, stem cell and zebrafish will be used as models to elucidate the mechanisms of the development of endodermal organs.

我院的三个课题组负责此项目的课题三《正向遗传突变筛选具有内胚层器官发育或再生缺陷的突变体及致变基因的功能机制研究》，将采用干细胞和斑马鱼模型，研究内胚层器官的机制，特别是分子调节网络的整体性和时空性，为防治肝脏和胰腺的重大疾病提供坚实的理论基础。

Attempts in part I of the dissertation were to develop microemulsion systems using medium chain triglyceride, Captex 300, deionized water (H2O), and TPGS as surfactant for the oral delivery of protein drugs or poorly water soluble drugs. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to elucidate the phase behavior of systems composed of medium-chain triglyceride and water with TPGS as main surfactant, polysorbates (Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80) as adjuvant surfactants, and polyethylene glycols (PEG 400 and PEG 600) and polyols (ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol and glycerin) as cosurfactants.

藉由拟三相图（Pseudo-ternary Phase Diagrams）的建立来了解中链型三酸甘油酯、去离子水及TPGS为主要界面活性剂配合聚醇山梨酯（如Tween 20、Tween 40、Tween 60及Tween 80）为辅助界面活性剂或聚乙二醇（如PEG 400及PEG 600）及多醇类（如乙二醇、1，2-丙二醇、1，3-丙二醇、1，3-丁二醇、1，4-丁二醇及甘油作为共界面活性剂所形成的微乳基剂之相变化。

PART 2:The molecular mechanisms of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae induced inflammatory response in respiratory epithelial cells Objective:Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzaewas traditionally considered as an extracellular pathogen in respiratory infections.In this study,we established a model of infected cells to confirm NTHI was also a facultatively intracellular pathogen.Mitogen activated protein kinasesare the important signal transduction pathway in mediating inflammatory response induced by NTHI in respiratory epithelium.In this study,we elucidate the impact of NTHI,and its SCF and EP on the expression of MAPK and subsequent proinflammatory mediators.

第二部分：NTHI致呼吸道上皮细胞炎症反应的分子机制研究目的：通过建立呼吸道上皮细胞株的体外NTHI感染模型，确认NTHI在细胞内的存活，观察NTHI及其组分(可溶性胞质成分SCF、外膜蛋白EP)对呼吸道上皮细胞MAPK信号传导通路和后续的前炎症因子表达的影响，并应用特异性ERK-MAPK抑制剂U0126、p38 MAPK抑制剂SB203580特异性阻断下游MAPK信号传导通路，观察它们对呼吸道上皮细胞分泌前炎症因子表达的影响。

ABSTRACT］ AIM:To study the affect of kwoninone on fibroblastic proliferation, morphology and expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1) and elucidate its mechanism in fibrosis.

Om0 ［摘要］目的：研究苦参素对成纤维细胞增殖、形态学及转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)表达的影响，阐明其抗肝纤维化的作用机制。

ABSTRACT］ AIM:To study the affect of kwoninone on fibroblastic proliferation, morphology and expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1) and elucidate its mechanism in fibrosis.

佚名［摘要］目的：研究苦参素对成纤维细胞增殖、形态学及转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)表达的影响，阐明其抗肝纤维化的作用机制。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48