查询词典 electrovalence

This paper studies the influence of country economy guideline in power demand. According to identifying the main economy and society factors in affecting the change of Fujian power demand, the power demand forecast model is proposed. And the demand curve models fitting for diversified users are built by researching the influence of electrovalence to power demand.The influence of demand side management in load characteristic of Fujian power system is analysed.Used the arithmetic of modifying the history load curve, this paper forecast the changing and development trend of Fujian load characteristic.

本文研究了国民经济指标对电力需求的影响，通过识别影响福建省电力需求变化的主要经济社会因素，建立电力需求预测模型；研究了电价变化对电力需求的影响，对各类用户建立适合各自特点的需求曲线模型；分析了需求侧管理对福建电网负荷特性的影响，采用历史负荷曲线修正法，预测了福建电网负荷特性的变化发展趋势。

3 Electrovalence, calculation of electric charge, method of settling accounts, currency of settling accounts

电价、电费计算，结算方式、结算货币

The main contents of this report include:(1) I nvestigation and analysis of the current status and characteristics of economic development, electric power consume and electric load in North China, Northeast China, Northwest China, East China, and Central China from 2000 to 2004;(2) Indexes and contrast analysis of major power networks load characteristic in China;(3) Analysis of Major effect factors for load characteristics, including development level and structure of economic, structure of electric power consumption, geographical and climatic environment, DSM, electrovalence, load shedding and so on;(4) Change trend analysis of major power networks load characteristic in China;(5) Target forecast of major power networks load characteristic in China in the tenth five-year plan;(6) Main conclusions and suggestions.

主要内容包括：(1) 2000 ～ 2004 年华北、东北、西北、华东、华中五大电网经营区域经济发展现状及特点、用电现状及特点、电力负荷特性现状调研分析；(2)我国主要电网负荷特性指标对比分析；(3)影响我国负荷特性的主要因素分析，包括经济发展水平及经济结构、用电结构、地理环境及气候因素、需求侧管理、电价拉闸限电等对电网负荷特性的影响分析；(4)我国主要电网负荷特性变化趋势分析；(5)"十一五"期间我国主要电网负荷特性指标预测；(6)主要结论及建议。

In the past 45 years, such policies are carried out toward Water Diversion Project from Yangtze to Northern Part of Jiangsu Province that province level finance bears the construction, operation, maintenance and reconstruction expenses, and power consumption of pumping stations enjoy preferential electrovalence.

45年来，江苏对江水北调工程实行了由省级财政负担工程建设、运行、维修和改造费用和泵站用电享受优待电价的政策。

Heat treatment on the preparation,structure,electrovalence of silver,releasing speed of Ag ions and antibacterial property of obtained blocks were investigated.A ultraviolet-visible spectrum of Ag-carrying material treated at 600℃ indicates that there are plenty of Ag ions in Ag-carrying SiO 2 .The Ag ions can be released stably into water of 30℃ for 14 d.

考察热处理制度对抗菌块体的制备及结构、银价态、银离子释放速度、抗菌性能的影响。600℃热处理的抗菌块体紫外-可见吸收光谱表明：SiO 2 载体中富含银粒子，并且此抗菌块体在水中能保持较长期（14d）的稳定溶出。

Modified Ruffa Model not only considered the effect of electrovalence, coordinates, bond length, ion radii, structure, but also the effect of ionicity and thermal defect of minerals on their thermal expansion.

由此，我们提出"利用理论模型作为基础，针对不同种类的矿物采用晶体化学方法作修正，将经验晶体化学方法和理论计算方法结合在一起"的矿物热膨胀系数定量计算思路。

Considering the electrovalence, the curve of water consumption and the reliability of water supply, this paper respectively sets up the model based on the maximal flux and the model based on the expectation flux. It takes yearly expenditure converting value and yearly cistern converting value as target function and takes continuity equation, velocity of flow and compression resistance of cast iron pipeline as restrictions and sets up the PGA model on optimal design of water supply networks.

考虑到峰谷电价、用水量变化曲线及用水可靠性因素的影响，分别建立了以最高时流量设计管网的模型和以期望时流量设计管网的模型，以年费用折算值加上清水池年造价折算值为目标函数，以连续性方程、管中流速和铸铁管耐压值等为约束条件，进行并行遗传算法对给水管网优化设计的实现。

As the clean, non-pollution, recycling utilized energy, small hydropower is an essential parts of Chinese strategy of continuous development. China offered a series of preferential policies on the different development periods of the small hydropower and the development of small hydropower had achieved outstanding accomplishment. Due to the absence of the social benefit and ecological benefit assessment in the economic assessment of the small hydropower, the netting electrovalence is irrational, the operation and maintenance on the small hydropower becomes difficult, and it will cause the lack of competitive ablility in the electricity market.

正因如此，中国在小水电发展的不同时期制定了一系列优惠扶持政策，小水电发展也取得了举世瞩目的成绩，但是就目前情况而言，由于小水电的经济评价中的社会效益和生态效益评价缺失，造成小水电上网低定价机制，从而导致了小水电站运行和维护困难，以及在电力市场中缺乏竞争力。

The exchange of the electrovalence of the cupric ion has been testified by XPS-ESCA.Graphite and chloride in the stage structure,seem to be the conductor and insulator,which form the "sandwich" structure.This special structure produced a weak chemical bond belt and provided the carrier space in the perpendicular direction to the c-axis.These factors in and vertical to the direction of c-axis together increased the electrical properties.

GICs将良导体的石墨层与绝缘体的氯化物层在分子尺度上结合起来，所形成的阶结构相当于许多导体和绝缘体层组成的"三明治"结构，产生化学键薄弱的通道，提供了垂直c轴方向的载流子通道，隧道效应和格架空间提供了载流子活动空间，这些因素共同作用使得GICs的电导率成倍增加

Trade mode partrecites the operation model power transmission market and detailedly discusses theprice system of power transmission market; on the basis of electrovalence system ofpower transmission, it calculates and analyses province-stridden power transmissionexpenses combining the actualities of countrywide provincial trade and the actualcircumstances of provincial power transmission of middle-Chinese power grid; itrelates to the mode of big power consumers directly purchasing electricity andfinance instrument of power transmission market.

交易模式部分中叙述了输电市场的运营模式，对输电市场的价格体系做了详实的论述和相应的探讨；在输电电价体系的基础上，结合全国省间交易的现状和华中电网跨省输电的实际，对跨省输电费用进行了相关的测算和分析；涉及了大用户直购电模式和输电市场的金融工具。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。