查询词典 electrons

According to conventional field emission theory,the emitted electrons mainly follow the field emission mechanism because of their approximately straight Fowler-Nordheimplots.

样品的Fowler-Nordheim曲线基本为一直线，根据经典场发射理论，可以证实其电子发射机制为场发射。

In the second part, we analyze the problems in dealing with the formation of magnetic fields and injection of particles under the standard model of gamma-ray burst afterglows, and discuss the evolution of relativistic electrons' energy spectrum therein and their radiation spectrum and light curves.

在本论文的后半部分，我们分析了伽玛暴余辉的标准模型在处理激波中磁场形成及粒子注入方面存在的问题，讨论了其中相对论性电子能谱的演化及其辐射谱和光变曲线。

Alkenes have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, where two pairs of electrons are shared.

链烯有一个或多个共价键，即碳原子分享两对电子。

Alkynes have one or more triple bonds, the carbon atoms sharing three pairs of electrons.

链炔有一个或超过三个共价键，即碳原子享有三对电子。

The plasma ignition threshold of metal is got through experimental and numerical study. The vapour and plasma ignition times of the target are got based on the equation of heat conduction and cascade model. We suppose that the plasma is ignited when generations of new electrons are born in vapour generation time. The influence of temperature on the thermodynamics and optics parameters of material also have been considered in the model. The resulting theory has good agreement with the experiment and overseas report. A blade method to measure the laser spot is given in this paper with validation and error analysis. The plasma threshold of metals in atmosphere and water ambients both are diagnosed with the light deflection and piezoelectric transducer. A Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at infrared (1064nm), visible(532nm) and ultraviolet (355nm) wavelengths has been used. Al、Fe、Cu are used as targets and get a similar results with both method. Theoretical and experimental analyses are applied on the influence of wavelength on the threshold have been done, both of which have shown that the plasma threshold of metals decrease as the laser wavelength increases; The plasma threshold of metals are higher in water than in air and the pressure of the shock wave in water is five times higher than in air .

从热传导方程和雪崩电离机制出发，假设当电子增值210倍时，考虑了温度对材料热力学和光学参数的影响时，得到了气化和等离子体点燃的时间，利用该模型进行计算得到的结果与国内外报道及自行通过实验测得的阈值基本一致；提出了利用刀刃法测量激光光斑面积的方法，并通过实验进行了验证和误差分析；利用光偏转装置和压电换能器分别对空气和水中金属等离子体点燃阈值进行了实验诊断，激光器均为调Q－YAG激光器（波长1064nm，532nm，355nm，脉宽10ns），靶材分别为Al、Fe和Cu，两种测试方法得到的等离子体点燃阈值基本一致；本文从实验和理论计算两个方面讨论了波长对等离子体点燃阈值的影响，均得到了等离子体点燃阈值随著波长的增加而减小的结论；对空气中和水中不同环境下金属等离子体的点燃阈值进行了比较研究，得到了金属在水中的等离子体点燃阈值比空气中的大，且水中产生的冲击波的压强是空气中的5倍左右的结论。

The early universe consisted of a hot, dense plasma of electrons and baryons.

早期宇宙由一种热的，致密的电子和重子的等离子体构成。

Only about 5% of our universe is made of normal matter as we know it, consisting of protons and neutrons, or baryons, which along with electrons, form the building blocks of ordinary matter.

我们知道我们的宇宙只有约5%是由质子和中子以及电子这些普通物质构成，剩下的由难以捉摸的暗物质（23%）和暗能量（72%）组成。

BlackLight Power, Inc. is the pioneer of technology based on the patented process of releasing chemical energy from hydrogen called the "BlackLight Process." BlackLight has mapped the physical structure of electrons in atoms and molecules that has helped generate a prospectively efficient, clean, cheap, and versatile thermal energy source.

不可见光电力公司是科技是科技的先驱是基于从氢释放化学能过程被称为&不可见光的过程&，不可见光利用电子已经绘制出原子和分子的物理结构图，他能帮助产生积极的、有效的、便宜以及多功能的热源。

The ligands donate the lone pair electrons to the central metal to form the covalent bondings, called coordination bondings.

配体提供原子对与金属原子形成的共价键称为配位键。

Today, achieving the desired resolution requires special, theoretical correctors that help to correct image aberrations in order to utilize the information of all interacting electrons.

今天，实现理想的决议要求特别，理论校正，有助于正确的图像畸变，以利用所有的信息交互电子。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。