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The diode consists of a tungsten filament, which gives off electrons when it is heated, and a plate toward which the electrons migrate when the field is in the right direction.

二极管由一根钨丝和一个极板组成，钨丝受热时就放出电子；当电场方向为正时，这些电子就移向极板。

An uncharged object contains a large number of atoms, each of which normally contains an equal number of electrons and protons,but with some electrons temporarily free from atoms.

不带电的物体含有大量原子，每个原子通常含有等量的电子和质子，但是有一些电子暂时脱离了原子的束缚。with+名词+形容词的复合结构，对句子起补充说明作用。

The results showed that the TiN andN films are polycrystalline phase. The properties and structure of TiN films are mainly determined by the N2 mass flow rate, and as the N2 mass flow rate increases, the structure of the TiN films transforms to f.c.c. type leading to better the properties of films. The presence of negative bias voltage can optimize the grain of TiN films, lower the defect proportion and denser the films, which improves the hardness of films. The TiN films conform to the free carrier absorption mechanism and there are many of free electrons with lower N content in TiN films. With the increase of N content, the quantity of free electrons and reflectivity of films decrease, and the plasma frequence shifts to the lower energy, which leads to the regular change of colors of films from silver, yellowy, golden to yellow-red, meanwhile the lightness of films decreases. The goldenN film consists of TiN and ZrN phase, but belongs to a sigle f.c.c. structure with (111) preferred orientation. The Zr-doping dosen't change the position of the valance band, conduction band and forbidden band ofN film, but leads to the presence of new energy levels, which is the reason thatN film remains golden. The transparent hard films with good corrosion resistance and high hardness have been prepared and the further reseachs showed that the grain size of those films is by far smaller than the wave length and the width of forbidden band of those films is very broad, is the reasons that those films are transparent.

研究表明：氮化钛和N 薄膜为多晶态，氮流量决定了氮化钛薄膜的结构和性能，增加氮流量能使氮化钛薄膜的结构向面心立方结构转变，从而得到性能良好的氮化钛薄膜；施加负偏压能优化氮化钛晶粒和减少薄膜中的缺陷，使膜层变得更致密，从而提高薄膜硬度；氮化钛主要遵循自由载流子光吸收，氮含量较少时薄膜中的自由电子数目较多，随着氮含量的增加，薄膜中的自由电子数目不断减少，反射率逐渐降低，等离子体频率向低能端移动，从而使薄膜颜色出现规律变化，由金属色银白色到淡黄、金黄再到红黄，并且薄膜亮度呈下降趋势；金黄色的N 薄膜中存在TiN 和ZrN 的分离相，但其为单一的面心立方结构并具有(111)面择优取向；相对于TiN 薄膜，Zr 掺杂后，并没有使薄膜的导带、价带和禁带发生变化，只是在TiN 禁带内增加了新能级，这也正是掺杂Zr 后，薄膜仍

In addition, it is assumable that the electrons returning to Au will cause the degradation of driving force to capture free electrons from TiO2. As a result, the recombination of electron-hole pairs tends to be increased.

另外，苯乙硫醇将电子回传给金时，造成金吸引二氧化钛电子的趋动力下降，减低捕捉二氧化钛自由电子的能力，增加电子电洞对复合的机率。

In this we have introduced the application of even formula in making certain equivalent double electrons′ atomic states and the generic way of making certain non-equivalent double electrons′ atomic states,and have got the quantificational connection between atomic states′ number and atomic orbital azimuthally quantum number.

偶数定则是确定非同科双电子形成的原子态的一般方法，根据偶数定则得到了二价原子的原子态数与原子轨道角量子数之间的定量关系；并用数学归纳法证明了有关结论。

By comparison between SMM HXRBS observation and ground observation of Hα and CaIIK lines, especially through the combined study between SMM HXRBS observation and chromospheric flare models, the results show that: in the initial stage of impulsive phase, there is a correlative relation betweem Hα line intensity and hard X-ray emission; different spike in hard X-ray flux curve represents the burst at different location; the energy taken by non-thermal electron beam is larger than the radiative loss in chromosphere; for the flare studied here, the chromospheric evapporation is explosive; if the chromosphere is in balance between electron beam bombardment and radiative loss, the column mass density at the top of chromospheric flare model can not be taken as measure from the source of electrons and then the total material between the source of electrons and the top of chromosphere can be estimated.

通过一个具体耀斑的SMM HXRBS观测结果与同时基于地面得到的Hα和CaⅡK可见光谱观测结果对比，特别是将硬x谱观测结果与色球半经验模型联立研究，结果显示出：在脉冲相上升段，硬x发射与Hα辐射之间存在对应关系；硬x线光变曲线中不同脉冲爆发分量不太可能起源于同一位置；硬x辐射所反映的高能非热电子总携带能量大于色球总辐射损失；对所研究的耀斑而言，其色球蒸发过程是爆发性的；在详细比较了非热电子色球总沉积和色球辐射损失的基础上，指出半经验模型中色球顶部柱数密度不能看成是从非热电子源度量的，从而估计了色球顶部到非热电子源之间的总物质。

For example of atom of hydrogen, it must be enough surrounding electrons so can be form a "electron space", it could be form gravitation among electron and proton, at first whole gravitation line may acts with proton ,but if the quantity of electron go to much ,every one can got gravitation line from proton would be lower, the gravitation between proton and electron would be drop, when it is reached fixed lever, this power is equal to expulsive force which between electrons , so it would be reach balance, the electron can't much more.

之间形成引力，质子向外发出的引力线本来可以全部同外围电子作用，但是，电子多了，每一枚电子从质子分到的作用引力线便减少，它们同质子间的引力要下降，下降到一定程度，此力等于电子间的斥力，达到平衡，电子便不能再多。

It is found that with doping,thenumber of the iterant eg electrons decreases while the t2g electrons remain localized.

实验上发现随着掺杂，材料的磁性和金属性的出现几乎在同一区域，即x＞0.2左右。

Longitudinally polarized electrons are the electrons with spin and momentum pointing in the same direction.

纵向极化电子，就是自旋和动量方向相同的电子。

The impacted air molecules temporarily lose electrons, and when oxygen molecules among them reacquire these electrons, they emit green light.

大气，让被撞击的空气分子短暂失去电子，如果是氧分子重新得回这些电子，就会发出绿光。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。