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In an electron storage ring, beam electrons ionize the residue gas and generate free ions and electrons.

在电子储存环中，束流电子与残余气体的相互作用使得气体分子被电离成正离子和自由电子。

The size of the magnetic moment of a system containing unpaired electrons is related directly to the number of such electrons.

分子磁距的大小与未成对电子数成正比。

The above multiple changes will produce 2 kinds of waves, Matter waves and mechanical waves that spread at the same time. Because the electromagnetic wave is a matter wave, it is the medium. Since the multiple exchanges of the electrons state can be regarded as electrical vibration, and the vibrated electrons have magnetic fields and electrical fields at the same time, the electromagnetic wave will be produced. Then, because the electron itself is a matter micro particle, it can produce mechanical waves which can propagate outside with electrical magnetic waves.

这种状态改变的多次往复，就会产生两种波，一种物质波，即电磁波；一种机械波，并且这种机械波是以同次产生的电磁波为媒质进行传播的，，这是因为本种状态的多次往复，可以看作是一种电子振动，振动的电子同时具有磁场和电场，所以能够产生电磁波，又因为电子本身是一个物质微粒所以他能够产生机械波，并且是横波，并随电磁波进行向外传播。

An LED is made from two layers of semiconductor an "n-type" with an excess of negatively charged electrons and a positive "p-type" which has an abundance of "holes" where electrons should be but aren't.

一种被称为N型它具有富余的负级电元子。另外一种被称为P型它同样具有电元子应该有而事实上没有的"洞体"。

These electrons in an underlying d orbital increase the electron repulsion on the outer 4s electrons.

这些在下层的d 轨道的电子增加了对外层4s 电子的电斥力。

Through the calculating of doping materials, we can see electrons are easy to transation or transfer, which strengthens the conduction properties of materials. Especially the stability of materials doping with Mn or Al is more strong, and the ionizing energy is more lower. These indicate that the electrons in the outest orbit are easier to lose, that is to say the Li+ ions are easier to imbed into materials. The discharge voltage of material doping with Co decreases, the oxidization of electrolyte is more difficult, and the cycling performance is improved.

通过对掺杂材料的计算可见掺杂后电子更容易跃迁或转移，增强了材料的导电性能，其中掺锰和掺铝的材料稳定性更强，电离能降低，说明失去最外层电子更容易，也就是说锂离子在材料中嵌入和脱出更加容易；掺钴之后材料的放电电压降低，电解液氧化的可能性减小，循环性能得到改善。

The arrival of this alternating field in the vicinity of a particle causes all of the electrons which are free to be influenced-the so-called "polarizable" electrons-to oscillate at the same frequency.

这些粒子周围的交变场导至所有自由电子受到影响，这就是所谓的可极化电子，使这些电子以同样的频率振荡。

The challenge was to confine electrons tightly in a 'quantum wire' and bring this wire close enough to an ordinary metal so that the electrons in that metal could 'jump' by quantum tunneling into the wire.

所面临的挑战是在一个'量子线'里紧紧地控制住电子，把这根电线接近普通金属这样一来就可以使金属中的电子以"跳跃"的方式使量子穿梭于电线间。

We prepared bulk samples of metastable solid solutions with bcc and fcc structuresin the Fe-Cu system by using shock compression with mechanical alloying, and the magnetization and valence electron were measured and calculated. The saturation magnetic-moment curve versus mumber of electrons per atom at 0K was found to be reasonably similar to the-electrons/atom curve of other transition-metal binary systems.

用机械合金化锻压方法制备了bcc和fcc结构的块状亚稳态Fe-Cu固溶体系统，并对系统的磁化强度、价电子结构进行了测量和计算，从亚稳态 Fe-Cu固溶体的饱和磁化强度Ms-e/a曲线可看出：大约在26.2e/a的区域Ms有最大值，并且在大约28.6e/a的区域接近零。

Based on the rigorous analysis of the kinetic process of both primary and secondary electrons, the related surface charges were analyzed, and the energy gain of emitted electrons was proportional to the square of the ratio between the tangential and normal component of electric field. In this process, the image force of mirror charges would result in an energy loss. Meanwhile, the effect of field alternation of power frequency ac voltage on electron movement could be ignored.

在前人工作的基础上，进一步严格推导了场致一次发射电子和二次电子的运动方程，分析了电子发射引起的绝缘材料表面带电，表明电子发射后的能量增益正比于场强的切向与法向分量比值 F /// F ^的二次方；同时考虑了在电子发射和运动过程中电荷镜像力的作用，并探讨了交流电压下表面带电的情形，认为当考虑电荷镜像力的作用时，电子的能量增益可能变小，而工频交流电压下电场交变对电子运动的影响可以忽略。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。