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In order to solve the backward electron transfer problem, 9 kinds of rhenium bipyridyl photosensitive dyes with different electron donating groups on the p or m-position of the pyridine rings, 2 kinds of rhenium bipyridyl and 2 kinds of ruthenium tris-bipyridyl photosensitive dyes with two tyrosine ethyl ester groups on the bipyridyl rings were designed and synthesized.

本文针对该类太阳能电池中存在的电子回传问题，设计合成了在吡啶配体的间位和对位带有不同供电基团的9种铼联吡啶光敏染料，在联吡啶配体上带有两个酪氨酸基团的2种铼联吡啶和2种钌三联吡啶光敏染料。

The speed of electrophilic addition reaction of Alkene is inferenced greatly by the electron-withdrawing group or electron-releasing group on C=C of Alkene And the main addition product is decided by stability of carbonium ion.

烯烃C=C上连有供电子基和吸电子基时，对于烯烃亲电加成反应速度的影响是很大的。加成产物是由碳正离子中间体的稳定性来决定。

The central carbonium ion is an important center of interaction between the dye and GaP. The oxygen atom with one lone pair of electron on the GaP surface acts as the electron donor.

碱性品红分子的中央碳正离子与GaP表面具有孤对电子的氧原子形成配位键。

For usual acid"s leaching out efficiency is low for Gallium in fly ash, we did some analysis on fly ash which drew out or not through X-ray, electron probe, and scan electron microscopy chlorhydric acid .And those analysis gave us rational explain that the low leaching out efficiency for Gallium from fly ash with chlorhydric acid"s draw out juice.

针对常规酸对粉煤灰中镓浸出率偏低这一现象，我们通过X-射线、电子探针和扫描电镜对盐酸浸出反应前后粉煤灰的分析，对盐酸浸出粉煤灰中镓的浸出率低作出了合理的解释。

By comparison between SMM HXRBS observation and ground observation of Hα and CaIIK lines, especially through the combined study between SMM HXRBS observation and chromospheric flare models, the results show that: in the initial stage of impulsive phase, there is a correlative relation betweem Hα line intensity and hard X-ray emission; different spike in hard X-ray flux curve represents the burst at different location; the energy taken by non-thermal electron beam is larger than the radiative loss in chromosphere; for the flare studied here, the chromospheric evapporation is explosive; if the chromosphere is in balance between electron beam bombardment and radiative loss, the column mass density at the top of chromospheric flare model can not be taken as measure from the source of electrons and then the total material between the source of electrons and the top of chromosphere can be estimated.

通过一个具体耀斑的SMM HXRBS观测结果与同时基于地面得到的Hα和CaⅡK可见光谱观测结果对比，特别是将硬x谱观测结果与色球半经验模型联立研究，结果显示出：在脉冲相上升段，硬x发射与Hα辐射之间存在对应关系；硬x线光变曲线中不同脉冲爆发分量不太可能起源于同一位置；硬x辐射所反映的高能非热电子总携带能量大于色球总辐射损失；对所研究的耀斑而言，其色球蒸发过程是爆发性的；在详细比较了非热电子色球总沉积和色球辐射损失的基础上，指出半经验模型中色球顶部柱数密度不能看成是从非热电子源度量的，从而估计了色球顶部到非热电子源之间的总物质。

Methylene blue-basic magenta staining and electron microscopy Regenerating nerve were arranged in bundles in group A and B, there were minifascicle formation and a large amount of proliferated collagen in between the minifascicled, no cicatrices form, regenerating vasa spread randomly, electron microscopy show a large number of myelinated and unmyelinated fiber arranged in buddies.

亚甲基蓝-碱性品红染色及电镜观察两组均见再生神经纤维呈束状分布，有多个神经束，每一个神经束内见大量密集、粗大的有髓神经纤维，神经束之间充满增生的胶原，未见瘫痕形成，再生血管散在分布。

Pollen morphology and exine ultrastructure Pollen exine ultrastructure of five species in Stachyurus and one species of its sister group, Crossosoma californicum, were investigated under transmission electron microcopy for the first time. The pollen morphology of Crossosoma californicum was studied under Scanning Electron Microcopy.

花粉形态学和外壁超微结构在透射电镜下研究了旌节花属5个代表种和1个外类群的花粉外壁超微结构，并在扫描电镜下研究了外类群Crossosomataceae 1个代表种的花粉形态学特征，结合前人的研究，探讨了上述性状的分类学意义。

Under 100% of natural light, Pinus massoniana had highest values of maximum photosynthetic rate, light saturation point, light compensation point, dark respiration rate, the apparent quantum yield, leaf total electron flow rate and photochemical fluorescence quenching, whereas Cryptocarya concinna exhibited maximum fractions of total electron flow partitioned to photorespiration.

结果表明，在100％光下，马尾松有最高的最大光合速率、光饱和点、光补偿点、暗呼吸、表观量子效率和总电子传递速率，光化学猝灭也最大。

In our research, thiophene derivant produced by desulfurization in the coking benzene was used as the polymer to provide the passing channel of the charges. The ionic liquid composition in poor performance after repeated use was made to prepare conductive material (resisting to static electricity) as an "electron-receiving" and "electron-giving" doping agent.

本研究利用煤焦化苯脱硫反应形成的噻吩衍生物作为提供电荷流通的聚合物，将反复使用后性能不佳的离子液体成分等作为&受电子型&和&给电子型&的掺杂剂，进行导电材料的制备。

As compared to isop, the coexistence of electron-donating -OH,-C(CH_3_3 or electron-withdrawing groups (-NO_2) groups in the dicarboxylate derivatives has a significant effect on the molecular self-assembly.

同间苯二甲酸相比较，含有取代基的5-羟基间苯二甲酸、5-硝基间苯二甲酸和5-叔丁基间苯二甲酸在一定程度上影响着配位聚合物的自组装。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。