查询词典 elasticity of demand

Weak price elasticity of demand of goods, the price of the market is likely to result in a net loss of social welfare.

弱需求价格弹性的商品，价格的市场可能造成的净损失的社会福利。

If the elasticity equals 0, is demand perfectly elastic or perfectly inelastic?

如果弹性大于1，则需求是富有弹性还是缺乏弹性。如果是零呢？

A perfectly inelastic demand curve, perpindicular to X axis, has zero elasticity.

理想的无弹性曲线垂直于X轴，表明具有0弹性。

When a single tax is imposed, the excess burden is proportional to the compensated elasticity of demand, and to the square of the tax rate.

当只开征一种税时，其超额负担与补偿性需求弹性成正比，与税率的平方成正比。

The results show that the demand price elasticities of premium and non-premium brands have no significant difference,and that the price elasticity of the large-screen TV products is lower than that of the small-screen TV products.

与其他测量价格对销量的敏感性的指标相比，需求的价格弹性研究忽略了不同产品和服务之间在销售单位量纲上的差别

If the wage rate rises, labor's share in the total costs of a production process may increase or decrease depending on the elasticity of demand for the product.

如果工资上涨，那麼一生产过程中总成本的劳动份额可能会增加或减少，取决於该产品的需求弹性。

The main research results in this dissertation can be given as following:Firstly, the bidding strategies and affections of generation companies on the TOU power price are analyzed; Supply function model is employed to simulate the bidding strategies of generation companies in power pool. Some meaningful results are obtained through the proposed equilibrium equations model, when different bidding parameters are selected to maximize profit of suppliers, such as the the numeral of generation company, the block bidding, and power demand elasticity. Based on these results, the affections between the bidding strategies and the TOU power price are discussed.Secondly, the important principles consider the factor of bidding strategies of generation companies and consumers gaming strategies are proposed to constitute the new TOU power price model under present electricity market. Based on these pricinples a new mathematical model of TOU power price is constructed, to evade electricity market risk, partition the peak-valley, ascertain the consumers' response curve, and protect the ambilateral profits.Thirdly, the affections of the TOU power price strategies for reducing the network loss, adjusting node voltage, improving load curve of power system, and protecting the consumers' benefits in electricity market are analyzed with applications of a city real time load data of Jiangsu province.

针对&厂网分开，竞价上网&的电力市场运营模式，本文主要完成了以下研究工作：1研究了发电商不同的竞价上网策略，利用供给函数均衡方法，建立了发电商的竞价上网策略模型，给出了市场均衡解的具体解法；讨论了不同条件下发电商的竞价策略对市场的影响，并获得了发电商的最优上网竞价策略，明确了竞价上网与峰谷分时电价之间的影响因素；利用电力系统负荷曲线，建立了发电商最优竞价策略与峰谷分时电价之间的相互联系，通过仿真算例分析了峰谷分时电价与发电商最优报价之间的相互影响。2提出了&厂网分开，竞价上网&电力市场模式下，考虑发电侧竞价和用户侧博弈等风险因素影响，峰谷分时电价理论建模在规避电网企业运营风险，保护供电方与用户双方的利益、确定用户响应曲线、划分峰谷时段、设置合理的电价拉开比等方面所应遵循的基本原则，在此基础上建立了适合电力市场模式的峰谷分时电价模型。3从原理上分析了需求侧实行峰谷分时电价策略，对削峰填谷，提高负荷率，改善负荷曲线形状，降低电力系统的电能损耗和电压损耗等方面的影响，并进行了仿真验证。

Combining Chinese practical situation and according to the analyses, there are some main conclusions made as following: 1. If the price elasticity of cocoon supply is over that of cocoon demand, the automatic fluctuation of the cocoon price would be emanative, which can cause the cyclical abnormal fluctuation and serious imbalance of cocoon market.

结合我国实际情况，通过分析得出以下主要结论：(1)蚕茧供给价格弹性大于需求价格弹性，其自发波动将是发散的，在经济运行中存在着周期性的超常波动和严重失衡的趋向。

Among them, the long term interest rate is chosen as the intermediary target by Keynes school, and money supply chosen by Monetarism, the interest rate chosen by horizontalism with consideration that the interest rate elasticity of the monetary demand is very high, and William Poole thinks that the choice of intermediary s targets must depend on two factors: First is which is more unstable between the actual economy and money. Second is the slope of IS and LM curve.

现将每章的主要内容分述如下：论文第一章对货币政策中介目标国内外的理论作了一个研究综述，提出理论界在选择货币政策中介目标方面的不同观点，其中国外有：凯恩斯主义认为应将长期利率作为中介目标，货币学派认为应将货币供应量作为货币政策的中介目标，普尔认为中介目标的选择必须取决于两个因素：一是实际领域和货币领域哪个部门更不稳定，二是IS和LM曲线的斜率；水平主义理论主张，在货币需求的利率弹性很高的前提下，利率也就成为货币政策的中介目标。

The contradictions of traditional military welfare system are as follows:the contradiction between unjustice of distribution and the fair principle of welfare,the contradiction between governmentalisation and socialization,the contradiction between rigidity of supply and elasticity of demand,the contradiction between marginal cost of public welfare and marginal cost of personal welfare.

传统的军队福利制度是根植于革命战争年代的供给制和传统计划经济体制，这就决定了它与现代市场经济体制、和平与发展时期军队建设的客观要求不相适应。传统军队福利制度面临的困境可以概括为&四大矛盾&：分配不公与福利公平分配的矛盾、政府化与社会化的矛盾、供给刚性与需求弹性的矛盾以及公共福利边际成本与个人福利边际成本的矛盾。

Researches reveal that students who suffer from corporal punishment tend to resort to violence in their future life.

研究表明遭受过肉体惩罚的孩子倾向于在他们今后的人生中使用暴力。

Total sugar of sarcocarp and chlorophyll of pericarp increased firstly, and then decreased afterward along with altitude; Titratable acidity, ascorbicacid and anthocyanin of pericarp were increased along with altitude; The content of protein increased firstly and decreased afterward along with altitude; Carotenoid of pericarp were decreased along with altitude.

果肉总糖和果皮叶绿素含量随海拔高度升高先升高后降低；可滴定酸、维生素C和果皮花青苷含量均随海拔升高而升高；蛋白质在1720m处最大，1420m处最小；果皮类胡萝卜素随海拔升高而降低。