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In this paper, a detail analysis of the circumferential through-crack in the cylindrical shells with different boundary restraints is performed by means of the elastic-plastic finite element method. The results obtained provide the application of some analysis methods of elastic-plastic fracture parameters such as Dugdale model with a necessary theoretical base.

本文针对柱壳周向壁穿裂纹，利用弹塑性有限元的数值解，在不同的约束条件下进行了较为详细的分析，获得了一些带有规律性的结果，为Dugdale模型等一些弹塑性断裂参数计算方法的应用提供了必要的理论基础。

At last, the paper has discussed the aggregate technique of discrete method, and analyzed the compute method of cross elastic coefficient and direct elastic coefficient in discrete model, then studied the method used in practice.

最后，本文对非集计模型的集计方法，以及非集计模型交叉弹性系数和直接弹性系数的计算方法进行分析，为非集计模型在实践的应用进行了一些探索。

Based on the calculated elastic constant, the elastic moduli of characteristic plane (101) are figured, which offers reference to mechanical study of these materials afterward.

根据计算的弹性常数绘制了这些材料特征平面(101)面的弹性模量图，为这方面材料的力学研究提供参考。

High-elastic and constant elastic alloys, low expansion and fixed-expansion alloy.

高弹和恒弹性合金，低膨胀和定膨胀合金等。

In the base of calibrating the elastic constant of cantilever and analysis adhesion force, the force information from force curve was obtained and the elastic modulus of single voxel was calculated.

考虑了成型点剩余部分形变对结果分析的影响，在标定微探针弹性系数和对粘附力进行分析的基础上，提取了力曲线中所包含的力学信息，推算出了成型点的弹性模量，得到了成型点的弹性模量低于宏观材料弹性模量的结论。

One approach to treat material viscosity is to assume the elastic constants as complex constants, in which the real part is the elastic constant and the imaginary part is the viscosity that is related to the frequency.

处理材料粘性的一般办法是将粘性项作为虚数部分插入到本构关系中，从而使得原来的弹性常数转变成了复弹性常数。

The relation of deformation of tunnel structure with the load was clearly linear elastic,so the effective rigidity of shield tunnel was constant in elastic stage,which was agreeable to the rule of the modified conventional d...

对上海地铁盾构隧道的研究表明，通缝拼装时刚度有效率为0.67，错缝拼装时刚度有效率为0.75，软弱土体抗力对隧道有效刚度的影响可以忽略。

For the deformation of the elastic object, the elastic mechanics can be used tosolve the problem well.

对于弹性体的变形，用弹性力学方法可以很好地解决它的计算分析问题。

Elastic pressure meter is made in accordance with the principle that elastic deformation caused by pressure of tested medium.

弹性式压力表是利用弹性元件在被测介质压力作用下，产生弹性形变的原理而制成的。

The elastic modulus of an object is defined as the slope of its stress-strain curve in the elastic deformation region

一物体的弹性模量被定义为在弹性变形区它的应力－应变曲线的斜率

A carrier gas such as nitrogen is directed through line 20 and valve 22 to connect with line 26 and mix with the gas sample.

如氮气之类的载体通过管线20和阀22引入，与管线26相通，与气体样品混合。

But for the most part, knaves and parasites had the command of his fortune

然而支配他的家产的大多是恶棍和寄生虫。