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With the development of the theory of constitutive model of soil, the elastic constitutive model was displaced by some non-linear constitutive models such as the Duncan-Chang model, Cam-clay model, etc, which leads to that the Biot′s consolidation theory has developed from elastic into nonelastic.

随着对岩土本构关系研究的深入，经典Biot理论中土体采用弹性应力应变关系的假定逐渐被一些非线性本构关系取代，如Duncan-Chang模型、剑桥模型等，将Biot固结理论由线性推向了非线性。

The effect of the elastic-plastic matrix of friction soil with nonrelevant flow rule on the numerical convergence of finite element method is analyzed in this paper; and the effect of elastic modular, poisson ratio and earth pressure coefficient on numerical results are studied in this paper. At the same time, the hybrid element with a mixture of displacement and stress variables and the conventional element with solely displacement variable are compared when used in geomaterials.

在ABAQUS有限元分析软件的基础上，本文研究了服从非关联流动法则摩擦性土体的弹塑性矩阵对有限元数值算法的影响，并研究了弹性模量、泊松比以及地基土压、力系数对数值计算结果的影响，同时探讨了数值分析过程中常规位移元与杂交元在岩土工程中的应用。

Based on the eigen theory of elastic mechanics , the Hamilton density functions for various deformation process are obtained by defining the normal conjugate momentum density , and the Hamilton normal equations for elastic body are also given .

Hamilton体系由于其方程具有对称性，在经典力学和量子力学及其场论等领域中发挥了重要作用。Hamilton体系与Lagrange体系的不同之处体现在：它是在相空间，以对偶变量的形式描述系统的运动规律。

The numerical approach consists of an operator split technique,which transforms the elastic-plastic problem into a purely elastic problem and a residual problem with prescribed eigenstrains.

针对接触表面变曲率的特点，引入局部坐标系，构造出局部坐标下残余应力应变场的分布状态，建立了变曲率连续啮合过程中安定状态残余应力的计算方法。

A perfectly elastic demand curve, horizontal to X axis, is infinitely elastic.

理想的弹性曲线平行与X轴，表明具有无限弹性。

Xi ′ an Jiaotong University, Xi ′ an 710049, ChinaAbstract : Propagation of generalized Rayleigh wave in a layered piezoelectric structure with initial stress is investigated. It involves a thin elastic layer bonded perfectly to a piezoelectric elastic substrate.

摘 要：通过求解考虑初应力时的耦合波动方程，研究了覆盖层为各向同性材料、基底为横观各向同性压电材料的压电层状结构中广义Rayleigh波传播时初应力和相速度的关系。

The spinodal surface instability induced by the van der Waals force in a soft elastic thin film perfectly bonded to a rigid substrate is investigated theoretically using the bifurcation theory of elastic structures.

本文采用弹性体分叉理论，分析了完好粘结在刚性基底上的软弹性薄膜由范德华力引起的表面自发性失稳问题。

Based on the elastic perfectly plasticmodel and elastic-hardening plastic model, constitutive equations arederived from Hinton model, Ottosen model, Chen-Chen model andpresent model for shell element under spatial stress condition.

基于弹塑性理论，根据Hinton模型、Chen-Chen模型、Ottosen模型、本文模型，推导了壳体单元弹塑性本构方程。

It introduced fundamental functions of elastic mechnics, elastic FEM, principle of virtual displacement and the creation of structure equilibrum equation.

第二章 有限单元法原理部分，在该部分中概要介绍了弹性连续体的有限元方法，虚位移原理和结构平衡方程的建立。

Also the response amplitude will be changed with the initial conditions due to the nonlinear properties of the cables.Taking the bending stiffness, cable sag and cable inclination into consideration, the space vibration control of the cables using the visco-elastic dampers in cable-stayed bridges is investigated by joining the center difference method and the state space strategy. Both the maximum modal damping ration and the optimal damper size are obtained, then the practical suggestions are proposed for the design of the dampers. The space nonlinear vibration equations of the cable-damper system are derived, and anew hybrid method for solving the cable-damper system is presented by combing the Newmark method and Pseudo-force technology. According to the known properties of the cable-damper system, the nonlinear transient responses are analyzed under all kinds of excitations. Based on the transient response, the control effectiveness of the visco-elastic dampers is further demonstrated.

综合考虑了拉索抗弯刚度、垂度的影响，研究了粘弹性阻尼器对斜拉桥拉索的空间振动控制，联合中心差分方法及状态空间法，得出了拉索面内、外振动各阶模态可能达到的最大阻尼比及相应的最优阻尼器系数，并对斜拉桥拉索的阻尼器设计提出了参考建议：考虑拉索抗弯刚度、垂度及几何非线性，导出了索-阻尼器系统的空间振动非线性方程组，结合Newmark方法及伪力(Pseudo-Force)方法，创新地提出了求解非线性方程组的杂交方法，根据拉索-阻尼器系统的阻尼特性，在各种荷载作用下，对索-阻尼器系统的非线性瞬态振动响应进行了研究，从系统响应的角度更加直接地验证了阻尼器的控制效果。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。