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It is conducive to uptake soil nitrogen for flue-tobacco on dryland soil with maize-tobacco rotation before topping (60 days after transplanting) and uptake soil nitrogen for flue-tobacco on paddy soil with rice-tobacco rotation after topping.2 The nitrogen utilization efficiency of rapeseed cake, rice straw and rape straw were 19.5%, 15.5%, 8.1% respectively, and the inorganic fertilizer nitrogen utilization efficiency were 41.1%, 42.7% and 35.7% under the combined application of organic additives and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer. The contribution rate of rapeseed cake, rice straw, rape straw to accumulated nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco were 1.0%, 2.4%, 2.7% respectively by the combined application of organic additives and nitrogen fertilizer. Flue-cured tobacco for organic nitrogen absorption meet with the nitrogen needs laws of high-quality tobacco, indicating that the combined application organic additives and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer reduces the nicotine content of tobacco, an increase of sugar/nicotine ratio and improved the quality of tobacco. In which the role of rice and rape straw is greater than the rapeseed cake can be used as measures to lower nicotine.3 Nitrogen accumulation in flue-cured tobacco with the total nitrogen input was a significant positive correlation during the growth stage of flue-cured tobacco. The total nitrogen input for the 156.3-405.5kg.hm-2, in which the soil nitrogen mineralization capacity account for 22.6%-54.3%, with an average of 34.5%, that is, soil nitrogen mineralization accounted for 1/3 of the total nitrogen input.

旱地轮作土壤有利于烤烟生长前期对土壤氮素的吸收，水旱轮作土壤增加了烤烟生长后期对土壤氮的吸收。2在有机添加物与无机氮肥配施条件下，烤烟对有机添加物中氮的吸收规律基本符合优质烟的需氮规律，其中烤烟对菜籽饼肥、稻草秸秆、油菜秸秆所含氮素的利用率分别为19.5%、15.5%、8.1%，所配施无机氮肥的利用率分别为41.1%、42.7%和35.7%，菜籽饼肥、稻草秸秆、油菜秸秆对烤烟氮素累积量的贡献分别为1.0%、2.4%、2.7%。3不同轮作方式及添加有机物条件下氮素平衡结果显示，烤烟生长期间的氮输入总量为156.3-405.5kg.hm-2，其中矿化氮量为输入总氮量的22.6%-54.3%，平均为34.5%，约为输入总氮量的1/3；肥料氮的利用率为31.4%-42.7%；植烟土壤氮素表观损失率在37.5%-57.2%，平均为46.9%，约为输入总氮量的一半。

When temperature is 300 慍, sulphur raises efficiency of producing gas from kerogen 28 folds in Fushun oil shale (comparing to the condition that no sulphur exists in the oil shale), and raises efficIency of pmducing gas of the whole rock 21 folds (comparing to the condition that xm sulphur exists in the oil shale).

在300℃时使干酪根气态烃产率提高28倍（和无硫时干酪根产率相比），使全样气态烃产率提高21倍。

The transformation efficiency of potato via Agrobaterium tumefaciens system was studied,and the result showed that stem cutting is better than leaf for its high callus induction efficiency ,strong ability to differentiation and regeneration and easy to obtain.

并对遗传转化体系进行了优化：采用加入AgNO3有效的防止了外植体在培养过程中的褐化问题；对于转化过程中预培养的时间、共培养时间、农杆菌浸染时间和浸染浓度进行了试验，茎段的预培养2天、叶盘预培养3天，共培养时间茎段为3天、叶盘以2天为宜。

The results show that:(1) The space-charge fields(include dc space-charge fields and ac space-charge fields) have important effect on the beam-wave interaction output power, make the saturated output power lower, saturated position delay;(2) The back-radio excited by the electron beam has little effect on the output power, and can be ignored;(3) The transverse motions of electron beam has some effect of the output power;(4) The means of phase velocity taped and bunch compression can improve the relativistic TWT efficiency, especially bunch compression can greatly improve the efficiency.

五、分析了相对论行波管三维非线性特性，分析结果表明：(1)空间电荷场（包含直流和交流空间电荷场）对注波互作用输出功率影响很大，会造成饱和输出功率减小，饱和位置推后；(2)电子注激发的反向辐射对输出功率影响比较小，基本上可以忽略不计；(3)电子注横向运行对注波互作用的直接影响比较大；(4)通过改变耦合腔内半径来调节慢波结构相速，采用相速跳变和预群聚的方法可以改善相对论行波管的效率，特别是采用预群聚方法，可以尽量提高相对论行波管的效率。

Compared with single-cylinder dryer with the same efficiency, its heat efficiency is improved about 50% and energy consumption saving doubles.

与相同效率的单筒烘干机相比，热效率提高50%左右，节约能耗一倍以上。

A flat high efficiency super-broadband source was presented. We achieved a C+L-band superfluorescent source, in the region from 1524. 0 to 1600.4nm, the power of the ASE are over -12. 0dBm and the ASE profile excursion is only ±1. 4dB in the region from 1539. 2 to 1600.4nm. The power of the ASE is 22. 1mW and the power conversion efficiency is 18. 8%. 9. The amplification characteristics of thulium-doped fiber amplifier had been studied using the basic theory for fiber amplifier. The connection between the Tm-doped fluoride fiber and silicon fiber was accomplished, and we studied the TDFA and the reason that the expecting results hadn't achieved had been analyzed. The assumption of the Er-Tm-co-doped silicon fiber had been presented, and we studied the Er-Tm-co-doped silicon in cooperation with the correlative corporation, some results had been got and the further studies are carried on.

实验结果得到了覆盖C+L-波段的超荧光光源，在1524.0-1600.4nm波长范围内，自发辐射谱的功率均高于-12.0dBm；在1539.2-1600.4nm波长范围内，自发辐射谱不平坦度为±1.4dB；荧光总功率为22.1mW，功率转换效率为18.8%； 9、应用光纤放大器的基本理论，理论分析和研究了掺铥光纤放大器的放大特性；解决了氟化物掺铥光纤与硅基光纤的连接问题，进行了TDFA的实验研究，分析了没有得到预期结果的原因；最后提出了铒-铥共掺硅基光纤的构想，并与有关单位合作，共同研制了铒-铥共掺硅基光纤，得到了一些前期结果，进一步的研究仍在进行当中。

The results showed that scion's coarseness of single bud green branch grafting was weak comparatively, but its grafting efficiency was remarkably higher than efficiency of bud grafting and shield budding.

结果表明：单芽绿枝接仅在接穗的粗生长上略逊于传统的&工&形芽接和嵌芽接，但其工作效率却远高于传统嫁接法。

For pump power, with the liquid viscosity increases, lift and efficiency, shaft power increases, so sometimes on industrial liquid viscosity viscous heating to make smaller in order to improve transmission efficiency.

对于动力式泵，随着液体粘度增大，扬程和效率降低，轴功率增大，所以工业上有时将粘度大的液体加热使粘性变小，以提高输送效率。

In pumping high-viscosity oil, with the increase of the shaft speed, the efficiency of the pump at the optimum operating point is improved, and the flow rate and hoisting height at the optimum efficiency point rises, therefore the rated speed of the viscous oil pump should be remarkably higher than that of the water pump.

输送高粘油时，随着泵轴转速的提高，离心泵最优工况点的效率提高，最佳效率点的流量和扬程也相应提高，因此，输送粘油用的泵的设计转速必须比水泵有较大幅度的提高。

High pressure revolving water jet technology has an obvious advantage in drilling large hole diameter and long continuous holes and is also characterized by high efficiency,energy saving,large and regular borehole,high rock-breaking efficiency when drilling coal seams.

高压旋转水射流技术在钻大井径、长连续孔方面具有明显优势，在煤层中钻井又具有高效、节能、钻孔大、成孔规则、破岩效率高等优点，因此在煤层气地面径向水平井技术和井下采空区钻长直井技术中广为应用。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新