查询词典 education

This study describes the multi-facet systematic evolution of the said rural community from 1907 to 2007: from the perspective of ethnic culture, it has changed from a single ethnic cultural community of Yoghur(Ethnic Yugur\'s self-name) ethnic group into a multi-ethnic cultural community with Yoghur ethnic group as the dominating majority and embracing the ethnic groups of Han, Tibetan, Tu, Mongolian and Kazak; from the perspective of language, it has changed from a community where Yoghur and Tibetan languages dominated with the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language as the subordinate into one where the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language dominate with the Yoghur language as the subordinate; in the perspective of marriage and heirship system, from a parallel operation of two systems (patrilineal heirship for official marriages and matrilineal heirship system for matrimonial forms through the head-wearing ceremony) to monogamy and patrilineal heirship; in the perspective of means of living, from animal husbandry complemented with hand knitting and camel caravan transporting to agricultural farming complemented with animal husbandry and many others; in the perspective of social organization, from a traditional tribe to a modern country society; in the perspective of political system and social management, from the customs-authority management which combined the dominating headman hereditary system under the tribal union of an imperial dynasty and the subordinating elite influence, to the resource-interest management of party-government departmental system under the ethnic minority autonomy of a nation state; in the perspective of religious faith, from a coexistence of the Gelug Tibetan Buddhism and Shamanism and the devout ancestor worship to the currently prevalent ancestor worship with religions declining and faith weakening; in the perspective of education, from the local-knowledge-oriented education to an official-knowledge-oriented education, in which modern schooling has become the major educational organization instead of the former traditional temple education; the school has replaced the temple as the "knowledge-culture" communication center; at least in the minds of the local people the central role of family education during the children\'s cultural development has also been replaced by schooling.

本研究描述了1907～2007年间，这个乡村社区的多面向的系统变迁：从族群文化的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔为绝对主体的单一族群文化社区转变为一个以尧乎尔为主体的、有汉、藏、土、蒙古、哈萨克等组成的多元族群文化社区；从语言文字的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔语和藏文为主，以汉语方言和汉文为辅的社区转变为一个以汉语方言和汉文为主，以尧乎尔语为辅的社区；从婚姻与继嗣制度的角度而言，从一个双系并行(明媒正娶婚行父系继嗣制度，帐房戴头婚行母系继嗣制度)的社区转变为行一夫一妻制和父系继嗣制度的社区；从生计方式的角度看，从一个以畜牧业生产为主，以手工编织和驼队运输为辅的社区转变为一个以农业为主，以牧业为辅的、多种生计方式并存的社区；从社会组织的形态而言，从一个传统部落社会转变为一个现代乡村社会；从政治制度和社会控制的角度而言，从帝制王朝的部落联盟制下头目世袭制为主，户族精英为辅的习俗—权威型控制方式转变为一个民族-国家中民族区域自治制度下以党政科层制的资源—利益型控制方式；从宗教信仰的角度而言，从一个格鲁派藏传佛教和萨满教并存，祖先崇拜之风甚烈的社区转变为寺庙衰落、信仰淡化、惟祖先崇拜仍广为流行的社区；从教育的角度而言，从一个以地方知识教育为主的社区转变为一个以官方知识教育为主的社区，现代学校教育取代了传统寺庙教育成为社区的主要教育组织形式，学校取代寺庙成为&知识—文化&传播的中心，在青少年儿童的文化成长过程中，家庭教养扮演的中心角色，至少在乡民的观念上被学校教育替代。

In recent years, the county, the county government efforts to implement the "Education Reform and Development of the State Council on the basis of the decision" to put on basic education, giving priority to the development of a strategic position to conscientiously implement the "county-based" management system of basic education as a important task of social development, grasp the party's education policy is implemented, grasping the implementation of educational policies and regulations, grasping the implementation of county-wide education development plan.

近几年，县委、县政府努力贯彻《国务院关于基础教育改革与发展的决定》，把基础教育摆上了优先发展的战略位置，认真落实&以县为主&的管理体制，把基础教育作为社会发展的重要内容来抓，抓党的教育方针的贯彻，抓教育政策法规的落实，抓全县教育发展规划的实施。

Therefore, the ought-to-be trends of Chinese bilingual education policy are to place bilingual education into critical position of ethnic education; to formulate bilingual education policy within whole projects of national development; to draft out a bilingual education act; and to quicken the preparation and training of bilingual teachers as well as the development of bilingual teaching materials.

因而，中国双语教育政策应然的取向便是将双语教育置于民族教育的重要位置；从国家整体发展规划中建构双语教育政策；加强双语教育立法建设；提高双语教育研究水平；加快双语师资队伍建设和教材开发。

China Renmin University Press was founded in 1955. As a university press enjoying a high prestige in China, it is not only among the earliest of its kind established after the founding of the People's Republic of China, but also a publishing center of college textbooks designated by the Ministry of Education. It publishes over 600 kinds of new books every year, covering high-level academic compositions, periodicals, video products and textbooks for entrance examination, certificate education, adult education, training, graduate and postgraduate education, modern remote education and so on.

中国人民大学出版社成立于1955年，作为一家在中国出版业享有很高声望的大学出版社，不仅因为她是中华人民共和国建国以后最早成立的大学出版社，而且因为她是中国教育部指定的全国高等学校文科教材出版中心，出版高水平的学术著作、期刊、音像制品和适用于研究生、本科生、专科生、成人教育、各类培训、入学考试、学历教育、现代远程教育等方面的教材，每年出版新书600种。

He has published over fifty articles, including "The Origin of Noun Classifiers in Yi,""Bilabials and Long Vowels in Yynuo Yi,""Semantic Analysis of Plant Nouns in Yynuo Yi,""Semantic Analysis of Yi Color Terms,""Semantic Analysis of Yynuo Yi Animal Nouns,""Semantics: A Focus of Interdisciplinary Research,""Concepts and Types of Bilingual Education,""Bilingual Education in Yi Districts of Liangshan, China,""Reform and Development of Contemporary Education in Liangshan Yi Areas," and "Inheriting and Developing Traditional Education in Minority Areas is the Basis for Reform and Development of Contemporary Education in Minority Areas."

发表有《彝语名量词的起源层次》、《彝语义诺话的撮唇音与长重音》、《彝语义诺话植物名词的语义分析》、《彝语颜色词的语义分析》、《彝语义诺话动物名词的语义分析》、《语义学：多学科研究的焦点》、《双语教育的概念及其分类》、《中国凉山彝族地区的双语教育》、《凉山彝族地区现代教育的改革与发展》、《继承和发展少数民族传统教育是发展民族地区现代教育的基础》等论文五十余篇。

He has published over fifty articles, including "The Origin of Noun Classifiers in Yi,""Bilabials and Long Vowels in Yynuo Yi,""Semantic Analysis of Plant Nouns in Yynuo Yi,""Semantic Analysis of Yi Color Terms,""Semantic Analysis of Yynuo Yi Animal Nouns,""Semantics: A Focus of Interdisciplinary Research,""Concepts and Types of Bilingual Education,""Bilingual Education in Yi Districts of Liangshan, China,""Reform and Development of Contemporary Education in Liangshan Yi Areas," and "Inheriting and Developing Traditional Education in Minority Areas is the Basis for Reform and Development of Contemporary Education in Minority Areas."

发表有《彝语名量词的起源层次》、《彝语义诺话的撮唇音与长重音》、《彝语义诺话植物名词的语义分析》、《彝语颜色词的语义分析》、《彝语义诺话动物名词的语义分析》、《语义学：多学科研究的焦点》、《双语教育的概念及其分类》、《双语教育研究二题》、《中国凉山彝族地区的双语教育》、《凉山彝族地区现代教育的改革与发展》、《继承和发展少数民族传统教育是发展民族地区现代教育的基础》、《少数民族高等教育的概念、特征及其分类》、《试论少数民族高校的学科建设和专业建设》、《试论少数民族高等教育与少数民族地区社会发展的关系》、《建设世界一流的民族大学、提升中央民族大学的核心竞争力》、《目标、差距与启示——关于建设世界一流民族大学的若干思考》等论文五十余篇。

Basing on describing the basic knowledge of school management system of Chinese basic education, this article bring forward some new ideas: first, the author dont simply discuss the theories on school management system of school management system of Chinese basic education from perfect situation, but combining the factual condition of school management system of Chinese basic education; second, the article analysis profoundly the problem of School management system of Chinese basic education; third, after discussing the reform mode of Chinese basic education, the author further advance to change the coverall and unchangeable school management system and set up the school management method, which call integral whole two lines.

本文在梳理我国基础教育办学体制的基础之上，也不乏创新之处：一是对我国基础教育办学体制改革的理论阐释不是简单从理想状况去推理，而是结合我国基础教育体制改革的实际进行了系统地说明；二是对我国基础教育体制改革所面临的问题进行了深层次的分析；三是在对我国基础教育办学体制的几种有益的探索进行剖析的基础上，试图探索对我国基础教育体制改革的模式，提出在改革&包揽封闭&的办学体制，构建&一体二线&的办学框架，并希望对我国基础教育改革有所启示。

On the research of art education, teaching materials and methods, rather great progress has been made; on the research of comprehensive art education, the draftsmen of national art education standards who have Professors Teng Shouyao and Xiu Hailin as their representatives utilize present achievements of western countries with developed art education and put forward a comprehensive art education system which emphasizes on language, performance, physique and music.

对于美育学学科如何建构，尤其是在艺术教育教材教法的研究上，都取得了相当的进步；在对于综合艺术教育的探索中，以修海林教授等为代表的国家艺术教育标准的起草者，借鉴西方艺术教育发达国家已有的成果，提出以语言、表演、形体、音乐为主的综合艺术教育体系，使得在我国近现代审美教育思潮中出现的许多艺术教育命题走向了自觉与成熟。

Chapter Ⅰ reviews the results of previous research and states the origin, the meanings and the methodology of the dissertation. Chapter Ⅱ interprets the definition of"culture", the basic consciousness of traditional Chinese culture, Characteristics of culture of HK and cultural elements of modern society. Chapter Ⅲ probes the cultural elements of language itself and points out that"features of language","use of metaphor and analogy"and"theme and idea"are its three essential and linked layers which are the most proper channels to infiltrate cultural education. Furthermore, this chapter also compares and contrasts the inner meanings of the syllabus of China and HK. Chapter Ⅳ analyses the model essays of both China and HK through the concept of"features of language","use of metaphor and analogy"and"theme of idea". It also compares the ways of editorship towards the selection of model essays between China and HK. Chapter Ⅴ compares the methods of model essays teaching between China and HK so as to explore its insides meanings of culture. Chapter Ⅵ reasserts the importance of infiltration of culture education into language education and states the limitations of this dissertation. This dissertation counters the existing defects that caused by the over-emphasis of instrumentalism and affirms the importance of infiltration of cultural education into language education.

第一章讲述研究的源起、意义和方法，指出香港在殖民地时期的语文教育状况，及回归后在语文教育中渗透文化教育的重要意义，并列出前人的研究及本文的研究方法；第二章探讨文化的定义，讨论中国传统文化的基本精神，香港文化的特色及现代社会的文化成分；第三章讨论语文本身的文化成分，指出其内含三个层面：&语言特色&、意象连用及&主题思想&；语文及文化关系密不可分就表现在这三方面的紧密联系上面，并冀望教师从这三方面入手，通过语文教育渗透文化教育，此外，又比较内地和香港语文课程大纲的异同及背后所反映的不同意义；第四章从&语言特色&、&意象运用&及&主题思想&三个层面分析内地与香港语文科选文的内容，供教师参考，又比较两地选文及编选手法的特色；第五章比较内地与香港教师就范文教学的课堂处理手法，及从中透显的文化意涵；第六章总结及建议，一方面重申语文科渗透文化教育的重要性，期望教师注意，另方面也指出本研究的限制所在。

The poeticized moral education introduces a esthetics to morality and makes it aestheticized to a certain degree.Its essence is to input and promote aesthetics into morality.The proposal of poeticized morality is of great importance.It inherits the morality tradition and helps to change rationality to nestle people in morality poetically;In contrast to rationality,in moral education,the poeticized education is characterized with great humanism,and with unobstrusively influence.In this article,I explore how to implement poeticized morality.It specifically includes how to foster students' viewpoint of poetry,the way to change from "monologue"to "dialogue",propose artistic outlook on life,combine spoken education with non-spoken education,and so on.

诗化的道德教育把美学引入道德教育中，使道德教育带有一定的美学色彩，其实质就是寓道德教育于美育之中，以美促德，将人们立身成德的追求升华为一种诗意的美；诗化的道德教育的提出具有重大意义，它弘扬了中国道德教育的诗化传统，克服了唯理性的道德教育，从而使人在道德教育中诗意地栖居；与唯理性的道德教育相比，诗化的道德教育具有寓理于情、寓意于形、寓教于乐、人文关怀、潜移默化的特点；本文还对如何进行诗化的道德教育进行了探讨，具体包括培养学生诗意的观世法、教育方法从理性的&独白&转向诗性的&对话&、倡导艺术的人生观、有言之教与无言之教相结合等几个方面。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了