查询词典 economics

Herman studied economics at the Catholic University of Leuven, found a job at Belgium's central bank, and later joined the centre-Right Christian Democrat party, progressing through the next two decades with near-invisibility.

海尔曼曾在鲁汶天主教大学研习经济学，然后在比利时央行找到了工作，随后他加入了中右翼的基督教民主党，接下来二十年中，他进步寥寥。

Because traditional finance subject utmostly canonize the rational selected mode and methodology which keep the form of the financial interest need of the enterprise and its stockholders and the network of their financial relationship out of its analytic area, so liking the mainstream economics, traditional finance subject can not offer trustworthy explains to many financial affairs and can not prescribe the right policy prescription to the important financial problems, either. As a result of the logistic and realistic errors in the traditional mode, it will have an important and practical meaning to bring the new system principle into the analytic area of the financial subject and to develop the financial theory. The main points of this dissertation are as follows: The financial affairs of an enterprise are not the inner actions of the individual firm, but the function of the financial network of stockholders, so we should use the limit of the affairs not the inner property or inner driving force to interpret the financial affairs of an enterprise, we should use the method of circuital analysis not of individual analysis to investigate the financial affairs of an enterprise; The financial affairs of an enterprise is a social behavior, it is involved in the social structure and is restricted by the social structure, so we should care for the social characters, social responsibilities and social effects of the financial affairs of an enterprise; The financial network of stockholders is composed of five phases as follows: the finance of external stockholders, the finance of the operator, the finance of function, the finance of subsection and the finance of the stuff, in which the finance of the operator is dominant; The operational intensity and efficiency of the financial network of stockholders are influenced by technical factor as well as institutional factor, in which institutional factor is the fundamental character of financial affairs. Ultimately the substance of the financial affairs is the arrangement and operation for the financial system by stockholders; The relationship between enterprise and its stockholders is cooperative and conflicting. The important mechanism to solve the financial conflict between stockholders is the construction of the financial system, including the formal and informal system construction. Information and faith are the important mechanism to coordinate the financial conflict between stockholders, so we should pay much attention to the research of formal and informal system.

本文的主要观点是：企业财务行为不是企业个体内部的行为，而是利益相关者财务网络行为，因此应当用对行为的结构限制而不是企业个体的内在属性或内在驱力来解释企业的财务行为，用网络分析的方法而不是个体分析的方法研究企业财务行为；企业财务行为是一种社会行为，它嵌入于社会结构之中，受企业财务所处的社会结构的限定，因此应当关注企业财务行为的社会性质、社会责任和社会后果；利益相关者财务网络内含外部利益相关者财务、经营者财务、职能财务、分部财务和员工财务五个层次，其中经营者财务在其中占据主导地位；利益相关者财务网络的运作强度与运作效率既受技术性因素的影响，又受制度性因素的影响，其中制度性是财务的根本属性，企业财务的实质说到底还是面向利益相关者的一种财务制度性的安排与运作；企业与利益相关者之间以及利益相关者相互之间的财务关系具有合作性与冲突性，化解利益相关者财务冲突的重要机制是财务性的制度建设，包括正式制度建设与非正式制度建设，信息和信任是协调利益相关者财务冲突的重要机制，因此应当高度关注财务的正式和非正式制度的研究。

The market profit means that the rate of circulating in the medium market which base on the structure of market and reflect the industrial resource collocation by the medium action and the real state of the industrialization of medium by the progress of technology with the realization of industrial economics and the quantity and quality in the price , fee , profit and information goods .

本文由这一定义推论出媒介产业的定义为：媒介产业是在限定条件下(特定环境所构成的产业结构)，通过具体经营行为，将各种投入转化为信息产品，兼顾社会多元化需求，具有社会整合性的以实现利润最大化为目标的专业组织。

The thesis construct on the base of city scale theory of city economics and regulation theory of public management, discussed the existing of city land scale during period of time, summarized the development of

该章以城市经济学的城市规模理论与公共管理学的管制理论为基础，从理论上探讨了一定时期城市用地合理规模的存在性，并系统总结了管制理论的发展，将其移植至城市

This is one of the core theories of classical economics.

这是经典经济学的一个核心理论。

The study of public goods is one of the classical themes of public economics.

公共物品问题是公共经济学的经典主题之一。

New classical economics was the main representation of the method.

新古典经济学是这一方法的突出代表。

According to classical economics, the three factors of production are land, labor, and capital.

根据古典经济学，三是生产要素土地、劳动和资本。

Adam Smith is considered one of the founders of classical economics.

亚当史密斯被视为传统经济学派的创始人之一。

Most of the economic analysis of the time was what would later be called classical economics .

大多数经济分析的时间就是后来被称为古典经济学。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。