查询词典 earthquake magnitude

Coulomb failure stress changes produced by former earthquake on fault plane and slip direction of latter earthquake have been calculated. We found that the number of earthquake doublets with positive CFS change is more than that of negative CFS change.

计算了前面地震事件在后续地震断层面和滑动方向上产生的库仑破裂应力变化，发现正库仑破裂应力变化的"地震对"数多于负库仑破裂应力变化的"地震对"数。

The damage assessment of structures is based on the earthquake damage criteria and damage model. The author in the text, through the existing description of earthquake damage criteria and damage model, believes that the actual earthquake damage can be showed by the dual damage criteria on the basis of deformation and energy.

结构的地震破坏评估是建立在地震破坏准则和破坏模型基础上的，本文在对己有的地震破坏准则和破坏模型进行评述的基础上，认为基于变形和能量的双重破坏准则可较好地反映结构的实际震害，并根据倒塌极限状态方程提出了改进的 Park＆Aug。

The paper analyzes historical influence in studying of traditional earthquake forecast of earth tide, and compares geohysical charactistics of earthquake forecast with that of Geodyuamics by earth tide in vibrating frequency, measure of volume of vibrating source and transmit distance. It emphasizes that the setting up of fundamental conception is the most important in earthquake forecast by earth tide.

本文分析了现行固体潮地震研究中的历史影响，对比研究了固体潮地震预测研究和固体潮地球动力学研究二者在振动频率、振动源体积、传输距离与介质等方面的地球物理特点与本质区别，强调了固体潮地震预测研究中最根本的工作是建立地震预测的目标和基本概念。

Through the study, we can conclude that improper slave function shows fairly good earthquake-reflecting capacity to earthquakes with MS 5.0 in eastern China, which can be regarded as comprehensive parameter to the medium-term and short-term earthquake prediction and can determine three elements of an earthquake more exactly.

利用模糊数学中异常从属函数方法对1990～1997年华东地区16种前兆观测方法，近5万组观测数据的综合前兆场进行了时空演化特征研究结果表明，异常从属函数μ对发生在华东地区的MS≥5.0地震有较好的映震能力，可作为中期、中短期预报的综合指标，对地震三要素可作出较为准确的判定

When the isoseismal line or seismic hazard record is missing, both historical earthquake and probabilistic scenario earthquake can not reflect earthquake disaster accurately.

设定地震包括确定性和非确定性设定两种方法，确定性方法基于构造或历史地震，非确定性方法是基于概率危险性方法，用于估计区域或城市未来可能遭遇的地震危险。

Finally, we present an arithmetic of multiplehypocentral, heterogenous dislocation, and a multirupture segment superposition model for simulating the earthquake deformation field. The simulated LOS interferometry map presents the distribution characteristics of the earthquake deformation field better than that of previous studied. Meanwhile, a suit of fault geometric parameters of the earthquake is also obtained by the study. Having a better effect upon simulating asymmetry, great dislocation, macro rupture field, and nonhomogeneity of dislocation than the traditional model, the multisegment method is a progress of this work. It provides a better explanation for the study on hypocentral parameters.

基于上述原因，本文对Okada线弹性位错模型的算法进行了改进，提出了"多震源、非均一位错分量、多破裂段叠加"的线弹性模型，该模型模拟出的形变场干涉纹图较好地体现了地震形变场的分布特征，并由此获得了一套较为完整的地震发震断层的几何学特征参数，为破裂带长度、破裂面方向、破裂面大小等震源破裂特征参数研究提供了较好的解释。

The Taichung Domain was moving northwestwards before the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake: in the footwall of Chelungpu Fault the slip rate was ~10 mm/yr, while in the hanging wall the rate increased eastwards up to 10-30 mm/yr. Two years prior to the earthquake, in the footwall of Changhua Fault the deformation direction changed from WNW to almost due N, and velocity gradient changed from increasing northwards to increasing eastwards, suggesting possible precursor of a large earthquake.

中部地区在集集地震前大致向西北方向位移，车笼埔断层下盘位移速率约在10 mm/yr左右，断层上盘往东侧逐渐增大，在10~30 mm/yr之间；集集地震发生前2年，彰化断层下盘的位移方向由西北西转为偏北的位移型态，位移速度则由南向北增大，转为由西向东增大的趋势；即位移方向与位移速度有明显的改变，可能为地震前兆的相关资讯。

As for coseismic deformation of Chi-Chi earthquake, the footwall of Chelungpu Fault moved southeastwards 0.3-1.5 m, and the value was increasing toward the fault; the hanging wall moved northwestwards 1.4-7.0 m, but the value was smaller south of the Choshui River. After the Chi-Chi earthquake, the hanging wall of Chelungpu Fault was still moving west-northwestwards and kept uplifting, while the footwall gradually changed direction from ESE to WSW or even WNW, clockwise resuming to inter-seismic deformation pattern. It is interesting to notice that despite the largest coseismic deformation in the northernmost segment of Chelungpu Fault, the post-seismic deformation peaked around the epicenter of Chi-Chi earthquake.

集集地震之同震变形，在车笼埔断层下盘向东南方向位移0.30~1.5 m，且越靠近断层位移量越大；车笼埔断层上盘则向西北方向大幅位移约1.4~7.0 m，浊水溪以南的位移量较小；集集地震以后之震后变形型态，以车笼埔断层为分界，上盘在震后向西北西方向位移的型态仍与同震时相同，下盘由同震时一致性的向东南东方向，逐步向西北西或西南西方向位移，亦即在车笼埔断层下盘有逐步依顺时针方向回归至震间的滑移型态；另就位移速率而言，虽然同震变形最大地区在车笼埔断层北端，但其震后的变形量最大地区，却集中於震央位置附近；就地震循环而言，震后的6年期间仍处於地层压密重整阶段，尚未回归至该区震间阶段的位移状态。

When we saw babies died in earthquake,a great number of people died in earthquake,when we saw gruesome sight in earthquake,the tears kept falling and falling.but we do know,the natural disaster is pitilessly,people''s heart is hot,disaster just can make our heart hotter and more stronger!

看着那逝去的孩子们的照片，看着地所有地震中受难人的照片，看看那些触目惊心的场面，眼泪决堤！大自然的灾难是无情的，但我们的心是火热的，无情的灾难只能让我们的心更火热更坚强！

So,how to determine precursory clustering earthquake and how to fully utilize it to forecast earthquake and to monitor earthquake activity need to be deep studied and probed.

所以，如何判定前兆震群和充分利用前兆震群预报地震和监视未来地震活动有待更深入的研究和探讨。

Liapunov—Schmidt method is one of the most important method in the bifurcation theory.

Liapunov—Schmidt方法是分叉理论的最重要方法之一。

Be courteous -- even when people are most discourteous to you .

要有礼貌──即使当別人对你最不礼貌的时候。