查询词典 earthquake magnitude

In this paper, the author records followed, in February 1996 the capacity of 3 to 7 day and night and seismic November 9, 1996 Health and Activity 160 kilometers before and after the 6.1 earthquake, meteorological cloud anomalies of the whole process of change , and 2-4 days in advance of earthquake prediction and the magnitude of the region; the earthquake in China's Xinjiang, Tibet, earthquake, earthquake in Yunnan Province, four Kawasaki Wenchuan 8 earthquake, the Taiwan earthquake, Iran earthquakes, the earthquake in Pakistan, Afghanistan, earthquake, earthquake in Indonesia and Japan earthquake happened before and after the anomaly caused by meteorological satellite cloud images and the different characteristics of the atmospheric circulation anomalies; describes the November 4, 1952 Kamchatka 8.5 earthquake and November 6, 1958 Kuril Islands 8.2 earthquake in 1960, May 21 Day 2 after 7.9 earthquake occurred in Chile and 8.5 earthquakes, August 25, 1933 North Sichuan Timor-mao Diego River and the 7.5 earthquake in 1976 in Tangshan, Hebei 7.8 earthquake happened before and after the abnormal atmospheric circulation features; analyzed, drought in our country large floods, heavy rain and local in 2008 China's 21 provinces in spring Serious frozen snow disasters, which occurred due to seismic activity.

本文介绍了笔者跟踪观察记录的，1996年2月3日云南丽江7级地震和1996年11月9日上海东160公里6.1级地震发生前后，气象卫星云图异常特征变化的全过程，并提前2—4天预测出地震发生区域和震级；阐述了我国新疆地震、西藏地震、云南地震、四川汶川8级大地震、台湾地震、伊朗地震、巴基斯坦地震、阿富汗地震、印尼地震和日本地震，发生前后引起气象卫星云图异常变化的不同特征和异常的大气环流；描述了1952年11月4日堪察加8.5级地震和1958年11月6日千岛群岛8.2级地震，1960年5月21日后24日智利发生7.9级地震和8.5级地震，1933年8月25日四川茂汶北迭溪7.5级地震和1976年河北唐山7.8级地震，发生前后大气环流出现异常的特征；分析研究了，我国大旱大涝、局部大暴雨和2008年春季我国21个省发生严重冰冻雨雪灾害，发生的原因是地震活动。

The analyzing aboved is made from earthquake's space distributing, periodicity, migration phenomenon, repetition, strength, frequency, b value etc., according to data of earthquake station net in Shaanxi Province and microseisms station net watching results in Xi'an area. 3 group faults which are NEE, NW and EW direction control earthquake activities in Guanzhong area. Epicenter depth mostly is 5-25km and in shallow-focus earthquake. Earthquake in east area of Guanzhong was stronger and weaker in the West in history. Fen-Wei earthquake belt showed more activity. Microseisms and small seisms is main movement in recent earthquake, it has 8-10years' period of movement and show the trend that they are strong in the West but weaker in the East. And frequency and biggest magnitude of earthquake is supplement each other. In next years earthquake frequency will lessen but strength enhance, about M4. It presumes there is earthquake climax period in Guanzhong area in 2040 and M5-6 earthquake is happened at that time.

本文在对关中地区区域构造及重磁异常特征的分析基础上，根据陕西省地震台网监测资料及西安地区微地震台网监测成果，从地震的空间分布特征、周期性、迁移现象、重复性、强度、频度、b值分析等方面，对区域地震活动特征、关中地区地震活动规律进行了分析研究，关中地区地震活动主要受北东—北东东向、北西向、东西向三组方向的断裂控制，震源深度多为5—25公里，均属浅源地震，历史地震表现为东强西弱，东部的汾渭地震带表现出较强的地震活动性，近代地震活动主要以微震或小震为主，存在着8—10年的活动周期，近期表现出西强东弱的趋势，地震的频度与地震最大震级呈互补关系，未来的几年间，地震频度会有所减少，强度会增大，将有可能发生4级左右的地震，推测在2040年左右，关中地区将进入地震高潮期，届时将可能有5—6级左右的地震发生。

The main research work and its results are: 1Empirical results are analysed for the relations of fault displacement and earthquake magnitude, and difference between permanent ground deformation and maxium dynamic relative displacement on the two sides of fault; 2An analytic method is proposed for resopnse of a buried pipeline due to earthquake fault movement; 3A new shell model with an equivalent boundary and relted finite element analysis method are proposed for estimating response of a buried pipeline under large fault movement; 4By the proposed method, damage performance of water supply steel pipelines with large diameter is simulated to the real cases in Kocaeli Earthquake and Ji-Ji Earthquake, and simulating results show the real failure mode of pipes is revealed; 5Effects of overlying soil and soft/hard interlayers are analyzed on ground rupture mode and degree due to earthquake fault, and some earthquake rupture phenomena in soil layers are theoretically described for the first time; 6Pipeline response characters are discussed for the case of considering effects of soil layers on ground rupture mode; 7Research results and proposed method are applied in seismic analysis of pipline acrossing fault in the Gas Tansportation Project from West to East in China.

主要工作和成果包括：1）分析了不同断层位错形式下地表破裂位错量与震级之间的经验关系，并基于集集地震近断层记录分析了断层两侧永久地面变形和地震动相对位移幅值之间的差别，为合理地考虑地震断层位错地面变形动态影响提供了依据；2）发展了断层位错地面大变形下管线反应分析模型并给出物理概念明确、简单实用的解析分析方法；3）建立了断层位错下埋地管线反应分析的等效边界壳模型有限元方法，方法中引入了以非线性弹簧形式模拟离断层较远处管段影响的等效边界，简化了计算模型并突出了近断层处管体反应；4）利用等效边界壳模型方法，对土耳其地震和集集地震中大口径埋地管线震害进行了模拟，结果表明所提方法可以更清地解释震害所表现的管体破坏特征；5）研究了覆盖土层和软硬夹层的存在对断层位错地面破裂形式和程度的影响，首次从理论上解释了某些地震地表破裂现象；6）探讨了考虑土层对断层位错地面变形影响的管体反应特征；7）本项目成果已在西气东输工程的管道跨断层抗震问题分析中得到了应用。

At 7:31 on the 5th, Xi'an Lintong district and Gaoling County at the junction of 4.4 earthquake occurred, Shaanxi Provincial Standing Committee, Party secretary of the Qing-yun, deputy secretary and mayor Chen Baogen first time, call the understanding of earthquakes, and to make important instructions to gaoling, Lintong District, pay close attention to understand the earthquake, the earthquake bureau do a good job earthquake judgments and earthquake monitoring, the relevant departments to ensure post-earthquake inspections.

5日7时31分，西安临潼区和高陵县交界处发生4.4级地震后，陕西省委常委、市委书记孙清云，市委副书记、市长陈宝根第一时间打电话了解地震情况，并作出重要指示，要求高陵、临潼区抓紧了解震情，地震局做好震情判断和震情监测，相关部门做好震后检查工作。

On the basis of the study of the earthquake psychological factors, the article explores the course of disaster psychology generation、 the factors of disaster psychological trauma、 the dynamic generated mechanisms of earthquake psychology and by using the data of Tangshan earthquake、 Xiuyan earthquake、 the Indian Ocean tsunami, the paper studies the relevance of earthquake and the psychological trauma and reveals the intrinsic link between earthquake disasters and disaster psychology.

在研究了地震灾害心理的影响因素的基础上，从时间进程、生成过程、影响因素三个方面探讨了地震灾害心理生成的动力学机制，并进一步分析了唐山地震、岫岩地震、印度洋地震海啸三次灾害的数据，对地震灾害同心理伤害的相关性进行了实证研究，揭示了地震灾害同灾害心理之间的内在联系和关系。(4)本文根据前述研究，结合地震灾害救灾实际，设计了地震灾害心理救助措施体系，提出了针对不同灾害心理类型的救助方法，最后讨论了我国开展灾

More extensive logistic tree cited to describe an earthquake in graph of seismic division into districts tectonic geometry configuration, magnitude and the uncertainty with periodic recrudesce, among them diagnostic earthquake model includes: Sign of ザ grain screen is cast? of P of Wu of an ancient small-mouthed wine vessel of Jian of an ancient small-mouthed wine vessel of breasts of grain screen model and the float earthquake model that give magnitude of model of not fixed section.

在2008年地震区划图中引用了更为广泛的逻辑树来描述地震构造几何形态、地震震级和复发周期的不确定性，其中特征地震模型包括：单段破裂和多段破裂的特征地震模型，以及给定震级的浮动地震模型。

There exists extraordinarily affluent literature of historical earthquake.Currently,we inadequately utilize macro phenomena of earthquake and isoseismal,therefore,further explore the source of historical earthquake,and emphasize the uncertainty of epicenter and magnitude of historical earthquake.Since 1970,along with the advancement of observational technique, we greatly improve seismic observational accuracy,and moderate and small seismic data recorded by instrument is more and more sufficient.

历史地震的文献资料异常丰富，但是对地震宏观现象及等震线的利用显得不足，历史地震资源还待进一步开发；而且历史地震震中位置和震级的不确定性问题需要注意。1970年以来，由于观测技术的提高，地震观测精度得到很大程度地改善，仪器记录的中小地震资料也越来越丰富。

When a certain place in a large earthquake, in a period of time, often in a series of earthquakes, one of the largest earthquake known as a main shock, the main shock before the earthquake is pre-earthquake, occurred after the main shock is earthquake aftershock .

当某地发生一个较大的地震时，在一段时间内，往往会发生一系列的地震，其中最大的一个地震叫做主震，主震之前发生的地震叫前震，主震之后发生的地震叫余震。

By synthetically analyzing the variation characteristics of pre-earthquake anomaly before five moderate-strong earthquakes in East China since 1990,discussing the pre-earthquake anomalous shape of b value and so on we obtained the comprehensive criteria for medium and short-term earthquake anomaly before moderately strong earthquake in East China:high YH value anomaly—low b value anomaly—low C and YH value anomaly—low Ds and Dt and Σ value anomaly and high b value anomaly—earthquake.

通过对华东地区1990年以来5次中强以上地震震前异常变化的综合分析，探讨了b值，Ds，Dt，C值， YH值，Σ值震前异常形态，并归纳出华东地区中强地震发生前测震学中短期异常的综合判据：YH值高值异常(主要出现在震前3年前后)—b值低值异常(平均出现在震前2年前后)—C、YH值低值异常(大体出现在震前1～2年前后)—Ds，Dt值低值异常、Σ值低值异常、b值高值异常(主要出现在震前1年内或稍长)—发震的模式。

The computational complexity has been reduced about 5 times over against the original one. Moreover, the interpolation and quantization processing of CW is more reasonable; 2. A secondary power normalization algorithm is proposed in this dissertation. This normalization algorithm ensures that the energy sum of SEW and REW is 1. So, the energy ratio of SEW and REW can be achieved only by using SEW energy. This ratio is applied in REW quantization and CW composition; 3. For more efficient quantization for Slowly Evolving Waveform magnitude, Rapidly Evolving Waveform magnitude and power parameters, firstly, by applying the Equivalent Rectangular Bandwidth theory, classifiable multi-codebooks method, analysis-by-synthesis approach and so on, a predictive AbS multi-codebooks SEW magnitude quantization scheme is proposed. In the scheme, pitch information is exploited to determine which codebook is searched; secondly, for REW magnitude quantization, this dissertation proposed a DCT-matrix multi-codebooks quantization scheme. The classification in muti-codebooks is based on pitch and quantized SEW power. The multi-codebooks structure may offer more the information in quantization and solve the problem of the bit requirement limits in quantization by consuming some extra storage space; Furthermore, for the switch quantization of CW gain, a new classified parameter is proposed.

本文的主要贡献体现为如下几方面：一、为了减少WI模型的计算复杂度，提出了基于快速傅立叶变换、三次B样条插值和周期延拓技术的特征波形(Characteristic Waveform，CW)表示和对齐的快速算法，与原方法相比，计算量下降到原方法的1/5，同时也使得CW在插值和量化时更合理；二、为了严格保证SEW与REW的能量和为1，提出了一种特征波形的二次功率归一化算法，仅需要SEW能量就可以算出二者的能量比，并可应用到后续的REW的分类量化和CW合成中；三、为了对慢渐变波形(Slowly Evolving Waveform，SEW)幅度、快渐变波形(Rapidly Evolving Waveform，REW)幅度和特征波形功率进行有效量化，本文首先采用临界频带理论、分析合成技术、感觉加权技术以及预测式矢量量化技术，提出了一种基于基音周期分类的SEW分析合成预测式多码书量化方法；其次，本文根据基音和量化后SEW的功率信息对REW幅度进行分类，提出了一种基于离散余弦变换的REW矩阵多码书量化方法。

The network space is the typical form of abstract space when it comes to the digital stage.

网络空间是抽象空间数字化阶段的典型形式。

The Notarial System,as the system of judicial certification in our country,is both the constructor and the defender of social credit system,It has its special value and function in the social honesty.

公证制度作为我国司法证明制度，既是社会信用体系的建设者，同时也是社会信用的捍卫者，在诚信中有其特殊的价值和功能。