查询词典 dynasties

On the other hand, since literary painting emphasize the value and use of"brush and ink"very much, it almost pushes away the use of the visual language of color, and results in the comparative weakness of color language in literary painting. This directly influences the development of traditional painting color language of Han and Tang Dynasties in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

另一方面，文人画艺术由于十分强调和重视笔墨语言的价值和作用，在画面中几乎挤掉了色彩的视觉语言性功能，而导致色彩在文人画艺术中的相对萎缩，这直接影响了汉唐时期传统绘画色彩语言在元明清的有效发展。

The symbol color of Confucian ethic affects the color development of Chinese figure painting, esp. on the figure's dress. Buddhism has developed closely with the magnificent style of "Royal academic painting" in Sui and Tang Dynasties. While in Song and Yuan Dynasties, literati painting type that focus on adding washes of ink or color to a drawing affected by Taoist ideas holds the mainstream of the position in painting ciders and all lasts to modem times.

儒家的伦理象征色影响了中国人物的色彩发挥（主要是对人物服饰的影响），佛教与隋唐之际金碧辉煌的&院画&风格的形成有关系；到了宋元，受道家思想影响的水墨渲淡为主的文人画风占据了画坛的主流地位，并一直影响到近现代。

The first part simply looks back the arguments on the Chinese Consciousness of Literature in the 20thcentuty, then puts forward my own opinion based on the famous lecture, Wei Jin Demeanors and Drug and alcohol, given by Lu Xun, regards the Consciousness of Literature as a complicate history course. The course includes the Liberation of Literature and the Consciousness of Literature, from Han Dynasties to Qi and Liang Dynasties.

第一部分在简略回顾了20世纪对文学自觉的讨论概况之后，以鲁迅先生在《魏晋风度及其与药及酒的关系》的演讲中提出的&魏晋说&为立论的基础，将文学的自觉作为一个多种因素互相作用的复杂历史过程。

The women's epitaphs of Northern Dynasties can give people first hand materials about women's life. It possesses a high value of history women's epitaphs provide abundant and reliable information for studying women's life in Northern Dynasties.

北朝女性墓志是记叙北朝特定女性生平的第一手资料，它们不仅仅为研究当时妇女的社会生活提供了大量丰富可靠的史料，而且透过相关志文，可以了解当时的文学风尚、宗教信仰等信息。

After Western Jin Dynasty collapsed, many gentries headed for south and founded four dynasties: Song, Qi, Liang, Chen, which are called Southern Dynasty historically, and together with Northern Dynasty in the north they are called Southern and Northern Dynasties.

许多门阀士族渡江南下，先后建立了宋、齐、梁、陈四个朝代，史称&南朝&，与同时代北方的北朝统称&南北朝&。

In this chapter Ⅰ scanned Buddhism's formal and present situation during this period and expounded Confucian, Buddhism and Taoism's construction systematically, the translation of Buddhist Scriptures and dessemination of Buddhism during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Buddhism conception had been accepted by most people so that the Buddhism lores could be propagated among the people and could exercise influences on the fictions' creation in the course of the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

本章对佛教在隋唐的发展及现状进行了介绍，并系统阐述了儒、佛、道三位一体模式的建构、佛经翻译及佛经故事的流播，从而提出佛教在隋唐的大发展，使佛教思想观念渐次深入人心，佛经故事随之流传民间，进而影响隋唐五代小说的创作。

Part V is the conclusion, which summarizes the policies and measurers that cared the needy group during the "two Han Dynasties", and summaries the active role of social development in the "two Han Dynasties" and future effects.

第五部分结语，总结了两汉时期关怀贫弱群体的政策和措施，对汉代社会的发展所起的积极作用及其对后世的影响。

The rest of the paper will examine the usage of zei sha in pre-Han sources as well as in the laws of the Han, Qin, and southern dynasties, and its replacement by gu sha in the northern dynasties.

本文下面将考察汉代以前文献以及秦汉法律、南朝法律中&贼杀&的用法和其在北朝被&故杀&所替代。

These codes of laws declared in their prologues that the aim of lawmaking by the kings, the representatives of states, was "to keep justice, exterminate improbity and criminal acts, to make the strong not oppress the weak, and to treat the widows and girl orphans fairly". From the inscriptions of the kings of the Old Sumerian and Gudea dynasties in Lagash, the Ur III, Isin, Larsa and the Old Babylonian dynasties, we learn that the Mesopotamian kings established social justice, abrogated debts, reduced miscellaneous taxes, liberated the debt slaves, protected poor people, orphans, widows and other weak communities, reversed wrong court sentences of innocents, fixed evenly commodity prices, standardized weights and measures, pursued the equality between man and woman, assured wages of craftsmen and laborers, as well as rations of slaves and etc.

这些法典都在前言中宣称国家的代表国王制定法律的目的是&在国中彰明正义，消灭邪恶和罪行，使强不凌弱，公正对待孤女和寡妇&苏美尔时期的拉旮什王朝、伊辛、拉尔萨和古巴比伦王朝的国王们的铭文中都提及他们建立了社会公正，废除陈债、减免苛捐杂税、解放债务奴、保护穷人、孤儿寡母等弱势群体、平反冤案、平抑物价、公定度量衡、追求男女平等、增加和保证工匠和民工工资和奴隶口粮等公正政绩。

I pronounced in the proface that the Buddhism element in the fictions and legends of the Sui and Tang Dynasties would be trimmed and digged wholly, deeply and systematically, so as to show the influential result of the cultural blending between India and china on the fictionc of the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

本文绪论回顾了此课题在近现代国内外学术研究的状况，本文通过全面、深入、系统地整理挖掘隋唐五代小说中的佛教因子，以展示梵汉文化交融对隋唐五代小说的深层影响。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。