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This dissertation involves the study of the growth dynamics of colloidal particles under unequilibrium and irreversibility condition. Firstly, it is of interest to investigate whether the ideal diffusion or reaction-limited aggregation universal behavior can be observed for the initially polydisperse practical system of basic yttrium carbonate as well. The fractal structure of basic yttrium carbonate aggregate cluster was observed using transmission eletron microscopy. The aggregation kinetics of basic yttrium carbonate colloids was studed using dynamic 1ight-scattering techniques. At 1.00mol/l NaCl solution the fast diffusion-limited aggregation behavior was observed with an increase in the aggregate size over time described by a power law. The aggregates are characterized by a fractal dimension D=1.82. The disordered and ramified cluster is consisted of primary colloidal particles and tenuous and more open. These are in good agreement with those observed for other colloidal system such as colloidal gold (1.86), silica (1.85) and polystyrene latex (1.82) in diffusion-limited aggregation from the static and dynamic light scattering by Lin. Therefore ideal diffusion-limited aggregation behavior can be observed in practical polydisperse system as well. Smoluchwski and fractal theories were used to obtain the aggregation rate constant for initially polydisperse system for the first time.

本论文研究胶粒的非平衡不可逆聚集动态学，分为两个部分，第一部分是通过实验研究一个新的初始多分散的碱式碳酸钇胶粒实际体系中，聚集标度性质的普适性，即使用透射电子显微技术观测聚集粒子簇的分形结构，使用动态激光光散射研究碱式碳酸钇胶粒的聚集动力学，胶粒带电而产生静电排斥作用使得碱式碳酸钇胶粒处于稳定状态，当加入电解质NaCl溶液时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒间的Debye-Hückel屏蔽距离缩短，从而降低静电排斥能垒，引起胶粒发生不可逆聚集，加入电解质NaCl的浓度为1.00mol/l时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒进行快速聚集，经历扩散控制聚集机理，形成结构疏松、更为开放的分形聚集粒子簇，其分形维数为1.82，碱式碳酸钇胶粒聚集增长动力学遵循幂函数增长规律，与Lin等使用静态激光光散射和动态激光光散射测量硅胶(1.85)、金胶(1.86)和聚苯乙烯胶乳(1.82)在扩散控制聚集状态形成聚集粒子簇的分形维数值以及粒子簇聚集增长的动力学规律相一致，表明胶粒聚集标度性质的普适性质在初始多分散的实际体系中也是存在的，首次由动态激光光散射的实验数据得到初始多分散胶粒分形粒子簇的聚集速率常数，并且其值与Smoluchowski聚集速率理论预期相符。

A fast extraction method of beer bottle rasied character is introduced in this paper. It is the technique combination of moving target tracking based on dynamic image sequence with edge detection algorithm for speeding up the processing of character extraction to meet the demand of on-line detection in industry. First dynamic image sequence is obtained with an area CCD camera, and the background frames are detected based on the coherence between the background and character image from the video and inevitability of background frames emergence.

运用基于动态图像序列的运动目标跟踪技术，结合图像边缘提取理论中的检测算子模板，提出了一种快速提取啤酒瓶凸性字符的方法：首先采用单个面阵CCD得到啤酒瓶字符的运动图像序列，然后利用背景在运动图像序列中的镜头突变性和出现的必然性，检测视频流中的背景帧，最后采用基于边缘检测的背景配准方法，得到运动图像和校正背景图像的差分图像，恢复出真正的运动物体。

When the geometric similitude ratio of the model to the prototype was determined and the loading similitude condition was satisfied by using similitude theory in structure modeling and experimental techniques, the prototype soil parameters were derived according to the model test result. The vibrating wheel compelled by harmonic exciting force was treated as a lumped mass vibrating system by equation equity method. By using this mechanical model in vibrating compaction, soil parameters were identified according to the equivalence of vibrating differential equation. The curve fitting method of amplitude versus frequency response was used for dynamic simulation based on the systematic dynamic equation of vibrating roller-soil system.

用相似理论与模型试验法在确定了模型与原型之间的几何相似比并满足载荷相似条件后，根据模型试验结果推导出了原型土体参数；用方程对等法把受简谐激振力作用的振动轮等效为集中质量振动系统，以此作为振动压实过程的力学模型，根据振动微分方程的等效条件进行识别；用幅频特性曲线拟合法以振动压路机－土壤系统动力学方程为基础，用计算机进行动态仿真。

The BGP-RCS framework is a feedback control system, which composes of four parts: egress selection optimization in static stage, egress selection optimization in dynamic stage, negotiation process between domains, and dynamic detection of traffic change to decide the occasion of optimization recomputation.

BGP-RCS框架是一个反馈控制系统，主要由BGP出口选择静态优化控制、BGP出口选择动态优化控制、相邻域协商和动态流量监测四部分构成。

Dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization phenomenon of the alloy have also been discussed.

和温度T的相关性以及动态回复和动态再结晶行为等。

According to two hypotheses: one for the relation between the dynamic complex stiffness and the material dynamic characteristics, another for the relation between the static displacement and the force acting on the element, the predicting formula for rectangular cross section are obtained respectively using the static stiffness formulation from the beam——column theory and the G〓bel method.

利用粘弹性材料的标准导数和分数导数模型的本构关系，建立了动态储能和损耗模量函数的关系式，由材料特性实验确定其中的参数，按元件的动态复刚度和材料动态特性之间与元件静态位移与作用力之间的关系假定，依柱梁理论或G〓bel的方法建立的静刚度表达式，建立了矩形截面环元件的刚度和阻尼的预测公式。

The results show that dynamic softening is easy to occur in these ingots and flow stress becomes steady finally; the material constants of hot deformation are procedural parameters that stress-level coefficient α, strain rate sensibility exponent m and deformation activation energy Q are all increased with strain increasing, while stress exponent n is decreased gradually; the values α and m of the alloy homogenized are the biggest and the value n is the smallest, dynamic softening effect of the alloy is the most obvious, which can deform evenly; influence of strain on the value Q of the alloy homogenized is a little and the average value of Q is only 176.5kJ/mol, so the alloy is easy to deform; the alloy matrix shows the regular recrystallization grains when the strain is 50%; dislocation cell structure re-formed in the grains with increase of strain.

结果表明：经不同处理的Al-1Mn-1Mg合金均易发生动态软化并最终呈现稳态流变特征；热变形材料常数是过程量，随应变量的增加，应力水平参数α、应变速率敏感性指数m和热变形激活能 Q 随之增大，而应力指数 n 则逐渐减小；均匀化退火后，铝合金的α和m值最大而n值最小，动态软化效果最明显且变形均匀，在该状态下，铝合金的 Q 值受变形量影响小，平均仅为176.5kJ/mol，易进行热变形；当应变量为0.7时，基体呈现规则的再结晶晶粒组织，随着应变量的增加，晶内重新形成了位错胞结构。

Owing to the poor adaptation deformation capability of unsaturated loess, it's difficult to obtain data of dynamic characteristics tests with better precision and better regularity under condition of routine dynamic triaxial tests.

由于适应变形的能力较差，非饱和黄土在常规动三轴试验中一般难于得到较为准确和具有较好规律性的试验结果。

Based on the result of dynamic imaging quality, we optimize the dynamic imaging quality of the optical remote sensor.

根据动态成像质量的评价结果，提出对光学成像遥感器动态成像质量进行优化。

Materials and Methods: MR dynamic serial images were performed in 10 healthy volunteers. Renal time-intensity curve was calculated from dynamic MR image sets. MR renogram of each normal person was correlated with standard normal radionuclide renography.

对10例健康志愿者进行肾脏MR动态扫描，所得正常的肾脏MR时间－密度由线即MR肾图与标凖的正常同位素肾图进行讨照。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷