查询词典 dynamic equilibrium

Therefore, it can be regarded as a great improvement of the investment decision-making theory and methods .This article makes a systematic research on real options theory and method and its application, including the following several main aspects:Firstly, it makes a detailed discussion about the common theoretical basis of financial options and real options, including no-arbitrage equilibrium principle, risk-neutral definition, complete market and dynamic tracking.Secondly, it analyze three basic characteristic of investment decision-making in modern market economic system: irreversibility, uncertainty and flexibility, and from the angle of their mutual quantitative and qualitative interactions, it makes a comparison between the traditional NPV methods and real options methods and makes a summary of the general analytical methods of real options.Thirdly, it discusses the all elements in the application of real options such as the ^leakages in value of real assets, basis risk, and private risk, and furthermore, it attempts to put forth a normalized strategy of its application and construct a basic framework of its application.Fourthly, it applies real options theory to strategetic investment of enterprises and the buy-out of company, putting forth a value model for strategetic investment program and making a concrete analysis of its application to buy-out. Furthermore, it advocates that a flexible investment decision-making system should be setup according to real options theory in our country.

本文对实物期权理论和方法及其应用进行了系统研究，主要内容包括如下几个方面：(1)详细讨论了金融期权和实物期权共同的理论基础，主要包括无套利均衡原理、风险中性定义、完全市场以及动态复制方法，对这些理论方法的探讨既是本文的出发点和基础，它们提供了研究实际应用实物期权的一个基准点，也是贯穿全文的线索和灵魂；(2)分析了现代市场经济体系中投资决策的三个基本特征即不可逆性、不确定性和时机选择，并从它们数量上和质量上相互作用的重要意义的角度，分析了传统的净现值法与实物期权方法的差异，指出了净现值法在不确定环境中存在的缺陷及实物期权处理投资灵活性的价值，并将净现值法纳入实物期权投资分析决策体系当中，总结了企业投资决策实物期权的一般分析方法；(3)探讨了实物期权应用中要考虑的各种要素，如实物资产的价值漏损、基差风险和非市场风险等，并进一步提出了实物期权应用的规范化策略和构建了一个实际应用实物期权方法的基本框架，尝试将期权的基本原理与企业在现实经济环境中投资决策的要素结合起来，从而可以在一定程度上超越期权的复杂的数学计算而汲取期权思想的精华，从而促进期权决策方法在实际投资决策中的应用；(4)将实物期权方法应用于企业战略投资，得出了战略投资项目的价值模型，指出可以将实物期权理论和方法应用于企业并购，分析了应用的具体方面，并提出应根据实物期权理论建立一套适合我国企业的灵活的投资决策系统。

In this thesis,the cournot and stackelberg yield competition model of more oligopolies is developed and analyzed respectively from static and dynamic,the relation between the equilibrium of model and the numbers of oligopoly is obtained.

分别从静态和动态角度分析了多寡头产量竞争的两种模型—库诺特和斯坦克尔伯格竞争模型，得出模型的均衡结果与寡头数量间的关系。

Although two kinds of cultures has induced different thinking mode, study methods and terms which are used to explain the characteristic of Taiji Quan, in the view of human life science they finally point to a same objective law ,which is that essence of Taiji Quan is to attain human fitness by upbuilding or keeping dynamic and equilibrium relationship between parts of the body.

虽然两种文化取向所导致的两种思维方式和研究方法的不同，以及在阐释和揭示太极拳本质特征时所运用的术语的不同，但从人体生命科学的角度而言，其最终所指向的却是一个共同的客观规律，即太极拳运动本质上是通过建立或维护人体内部各组成部分之间的动态平衡关系，以达人体的整体健康状态的。

The value of TEF shows the relative position of the point at the moment compared with the stable equilibrium one during power system dynamic process and therefore can be used as the assessment of TCSC stability control.

暂态能量函数法是源于Lyapunov稳定理论的直接法，它用系统的状态变量描述了故障时及故障后不同时刻系统的暂态能量，其值体现了某一时刻系统与事故后稳定状态之间的偏离度，可以作为TCSC稳定控制的指标。

But neoclassical theorists depart from the essence of the Keynesian aggregate theory when they try to develop it. They use static and comparative static method that is the Walras equilibrium, to explain the dynamic aggregate relations thatKeynes wanted to explain. In doing so, their theories fall into logical paradoxes and in order to avoid the difficulty neoclassical theory only can be applied to the barter economy.

而新古典理论家在阐释发展凯恩斯总量理论的过程中，背离了凯恩斯本人的初衷，用静态和比较静态的瓦尔拉斯一般均衡框架来解释凯恩斯要说明的总量关系，结果使理论陷于各种逻辑问题，为避免逻辑矛盾，该理论只适用于分析以物易物的实物经济关系。

But neoclassical theorists depart from the essence of the Keynesian aggregate theory when they try to develop it. They use static and comparative static method that is the Walras equilibrium, to explain the dynamic aggregate relations that Keynes wanted to explain. In doing so, their theories fall into logical paradoxes and in order to avoid the difficulty neoclassical theory only can be applied to the barter economy.

而新古典理论家在阐释发展凯恩斯总量理论的过程中，背离了凯恩斯本人的初衷，用静态和比较静态的瓦尔拉斯一般均衡框架来解释凯恩斯要说明的总量关系，结果使理论陷于各种逻辑问题，为避免逻辑矛盾，该理论只适用于分析以物易物的实物经济关系。

In this paper, the mechanisms of the generation, migration and production for coal seam gas are researched and the geological model for coal seam gas reservoir simulation is presented, according to the theories and methods of coal seam gas geology, petroleum geology and dynamic of fluids through porous media. A three-dimensional, dual-porosity, two-phase, pseudo-steady, non-equilibrium sorption mathematical model is established with the help of petroleum reservoir numerical simulation method. After that, this complex mathematical mode is approximated and solved by finite-difference and fully implicit methods. Coal Seam Gas Reservoir Simulation software in 1. 0 version (CSGRS 1. 0) with Chinese interface of pre-and post-processing function is developed.

本文应用煤层气地质学、石油天然气地质学和渗流力学等学科的理论和方法，研究了煤储层中煤层气的生成、储集、运移和产出机理，概化出了煤层气储层模拟的地质模型；以油气藏数值模拟和数值计算方法为工具，建立了描述三维、双孔隙、非平衡吸附、拟稳态条件下气-水两相流体混相运移规律的煤层气储层模拟的数学模型；详细推导出了该数学模型的全隐式求解方法；并借助计算机技术开发了具有中文操作界面的煤层气储层数值模拟软件CSGRS 1.0，实现了这一复杂数学模型的数值求解。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。