查询词典 drug-addicted

In the morning,rats in the model and the drug groups were ingested drink spirits,naming "Erguotou"(56°)(0.5ml/100 per day); In the afternoon, drugs were givenamong drug groups respectively, model group was given saline (1ml/100g per day).Meanwhile, The Model and the drug groups were given innutritious diet(40% flour+20% soybean meal+20%hypo-flour+20% botan-flour+a few soybean oil, salt),besides, those rats were prohibited to eat any food except water from 20:00 everynight to the next morning before gavage, the normal group was given saline and anormal diet.

肝纤维化模型组及药物组，上午：予56°白酒&二锅头&灌胃(每日1次，每次0.5ml／100体质量)；下午：药物组予相应药物，模型组予生理盐水灌胃(每日1次，每次1ml／100体质量)，且每晚八点后禁食至第二天上午空腹灌胃后再予饲料；正常对照组予等量的生理盐水做对照。

Methods: Mice were inoculated with tumor cells. Inhibitory effect of transfection with pCH510 on murine tumor origined from different inoculative dose and inhibiting effect of immediate transfection pCH510 after chemotherapy on tumor were observed, respectively. By cell culture technique, the influence of chemotherapeutic drug to activation of marcrophages and lymphocytes after i.p. injection of drug was observed. By cell counting method, the kinetics of the change of number of peripheral blood immunocytes induced by administration of chemotherapeutic drug was observed. The inhibitory effect of transfection with pCH510 five days after chemotherapy on murine tumor was observed.

采用瘤细胞接种建立小鼠肿瘤模型：通过基因转染，观察pCH510对不同接种量所形成的小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用以及小鼠肿瘤化疗后立即进行pCH510转染的抑瘤效果；采用细胞培养技术，观察小鼠体内注射化疗药物后，其对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞和脾淋巴细胞激活功能的影响；采用细胞计数的方法，观察化疗药物所致小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞和外周血免疫细胞数量变化的动力学；另外小鼠肿瘤化疗后第5天进行pCH510转染，观察抑瘤效果。

Distribution of an ionizable drug across a membrane at equilibrium is determined by the drug's pKa （the pH at which concentrations of un-ionized and ionized forms of the drug are equal） and the pH gradient, when present.

一种能解离的药物透过生物膜到达分布平衡取决于药物的pKa（药物的非解离型和解离型浓度相等时的pH）和当时的pH梯度。

Distribution of an ionizable drug acro a membrane at equilibrium is determined by the drug's pKa （the pH at which concentratio of un-ionized and ionized forms of the drug are equal） and the pH gradient, when present.

一种能解离的药物透过生物膜到达分布平衡取决于药物的pKa（药物的非解离型和解离型浓度相等时的pH）和当时的pH梯度。

It showed that drug-resistant genes are important mechanism in which MRSA showed drug resistance of macrocyclic lactones antibacterials;The Panton-Valentine Leukocidin gene in Multiple drug-resistance MRSA were higher than.

多重耐药的MRSA中红霉素耐药基因ermA/B/C检出率较高，是MRSA对大环内酯类抗生素耐药的主要机制；杀白细胞毒素基因PVL检出率较高，是MRSA的重要致病因子。

In this study, we investigate the heat-induced inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzyme activity in mice fed with freeze-dried, heated freeze-dried or half amount autolyzed freeze-dried Brussels sprouts powder. 0.5% ethoxyquin diet was fed to another group of mice as a positive control. The study mice, four per group, were fed a diet consisting of 20% Brussels sprouts for 7 days. Each group had its own pair-fed group. We found significantly greater inductions of glutathione S- transferase, quinine reductase, and phase Ⅱ drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in groups fed within freeze-dried and heated freeze-dried Brussels sprouts than their pair-fed groups. These findings indicate that intestinal microflora still can hydrolyze glucosinolates without plant myrosinase activity, though the alteration of cytochrome- P-450 1A (CYP1A, a phase Ⅰ drug-metabolizing enzyme) induction was only 1.4-fold.

本实验欲进一步探討加热处理之抱子甘蓝对phase Ⅰ与phase Ⅱ解毒酵素活性之影响差异，实验分三组，抱子甘蓝(1)冷冻乾燥组（glucosinolate未裂解）(2)加热冷冻乾燥组(3)半量之裂解冷冻乾燥组（glucosinolate已裂解），(4)and 0.5% ethoxyquin diet was used as a positive control以2%重量混合成饲料，餵以小白鼠（4只／组）7天，结果发现，在第(2)组小白鼠GST phase Ⅱ酵素）活性显著上升，显示在植物裂解酵素不存在之状况下，肠胃道之微生物仍可促进裂解反应，但由CYP1A活性增加不显著（仅1.4倍）看来，根据定义：单独phase Ⅱ酵素活性增加，为monofunctional induction/inducer，可加速致癌物之代谢。

This course mainly includes the basictheories of Drug Toxicology, the toxic effects of drugs and their assessing methods, as well as the application of Drug Toxicology in the nonclinical drug safety evaluation.

本门课程主要包括药物毒理学基础理论，药物的各种毒性作用和评价方法，以及药物非临床安全性评价的毒理学研究内容。

The development of a new kind of radioactive drug includes the research work in its technological process, quality requirements, preclinicopharmacological study and clinical study, The research unit, when designing the technological process for a new drug, muststudy the physical and chemical properties, purity (including pureness of radionuclide), testing method, pharmacology, toxicity, nuclein animal dynamics, radiospecific activity, dosage, pharmaceutical forms and stability of that radioactive drug.

研制单位在制订新药工艺路线的同时，必须研究该药的理化性能、纯度及检验方法、药理、毒理、动物药代动力学、放射性比活度、剂量、剂型、稳定性等。

The sort of new drug of TCM,the declare of new drug of TCM and the manufacture of new drug of TCM(including technics research, establishment of quality standard, pharmic research, toxicology research and clinic research) are introduced systematically.

该课程系统介绍中药新药分类、申报和研制的基本知识、技能，主要内容包括中药新制剂工艺研究、质量标准的制定及稳定性试验、药效学研究、毒理学研究、临床研究。

Both Fas and NO can lead chondrocyte apoptosis respectively and cause articular cartilage destruction. IGF-Ⅰ, TGF-β, bFGF, BMP and other growth factors are polypeptide agents that can influence cell activity by signal convection. They can accelerate chondrocyte proliferation and proteoglycan synthesis, play the local regulation action on formation and plerosis of bone and cartilage tissue by autocrine or paracrine. They have the ability to induce cartilage formation. Some investigations showed that growth factors can influence chondrocyte metabolism, synthesis of specific Ⅱ type collagen and proteoglycan by co-operation and inhibition. 1. 3 Situation of OA therapeutics The therapeutic methods of OA mainly comprised non-drug treatment, drug treatment, operation treatment, tissue and genetic engineering, et al. Drug treatment is the chief method among them.

若其活性发生改变，则将导致关节软骨基质成分的丢失和进行性破坏；软骨细胞凋亡与OA的发病密切相关，Fas与NO可各自独立介导软骨细胞凋亡，造成关节软骨破坏；IGF-Ⅰ、TGF-β、bFGF、BMP等生长因子是一组通过细胞间信号传递影响细胞活动的多肽因子，具有促进细胞生长、增殖与合成等作用，可通过自分泌或旁分泌方式对骨和软骨的形成和修复起局部调节作用，可促进软骨细胞增殖、分化与蛋白多糖的合成，具有较强的诱导软骨形成的能力，研究表明多种生长因子相互促进、相互抑制，以协同或拮抗方式影响软骨细胞代谢，影响软骨细胞特异性Ⅱ型胶原和蛋白多糖的合成分泌。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。