查询词典 drought

Beijingensis under three droughttreatments, normal, moderate and severe stresses. The results showed:(1) the canker disease ofboth cultivars was serious gradually with increased drought;(2) the bark tissue cells sufferedplasmolysis, more evident with the severity of drought stress;(3) under the drought andinoculation with B. dothidea, cells of two cultivars damaged at different degree, mailyrepresented in the changes of organelles, such as chloroplast swollen and distorted, number ofmitochondria increased and membrane system indistinct; then organelles suffered furtherdamagement with inoculation time, thinned mitochondrias stroma, decreased cristae, crumpledand partly broken membrane of chloroplasts with stroma exosmosis. At last, the chloroplastspartly disorganized;(4) the hyphae growed mainly intercellular in resistant cultivar and notonly intercellular but also intracellular in susceptible cultivar, which directly caused thenecrosis of cells;(5) under the severe drought, the damage of cells enhanced the infection ofpathogen and drought and pathogen stressed together and promoted the disease development;the damage from pathogen on cells was more serious than that from drought.

结果显示：(1)随着干旱胁迫程度的增加，2种杨树溃疡病害发生渐趋严重；(2)干旱胁迫下，杨树树皮组织细胞发生质壁分离，并随胁迫程度的增加而严重；(3)干旱胁迫下接种病原菌，2种杨树细胞发生不同程度的损伤，主要表现为细胞器发生较大变化，如出现叶绿体肿胀变形、线粒体数量增多，质膜模糊不清等现象；随接种时间的延长，细胞器受到进一步损伤，叶绿体被膜折皱，严重时局部破裂，基质外渗，并部分最终解体；(4)毛白杨中的菌丝主要在细胞间隙中穿行，而北京杨的菌丝除在细胞间隙中生长之外，侵入细胞内部也较多，直接导致细胞的解体；(5)干旱胁迫下细胞的损伤促进了病原菌的侵染，干旱和病原菌的双重胁迫加剧了病害的发生程度，并且病原菌侵染对细胞的破坏程度大于水分胁迫。

And the average WDI for every month was calculated from 60 decades WDI and the drought frequency for every month was obtained with a drought criterion. Results showed that: in spring, North-western China, Northern China and Southern China have a higher drought frequency; in May to August, the region that has a higher drought frequency focus on North-western China and Northern China; from September to December, North-western China, Northern China, center China and Sichuan basin has a higher drought frequency (6) The relationship between average WDI for all the 720 decades in 20 years and average precipitation was analysed and was used to regionalize drought in China.

5分析我国近20年干旱发生的时空分布特征：利用1982-2001年NOAAAVHRR8km数据集，计算了20年来我国各旬干旱空间分布，并根据一定的干旱发生判断标准，统计我国不同地区在各月相发生干旱的频率和各月份平均WDI，初步分析我国干旱发生的时空格局，结果表明：在春季，西北地区、华北平原和华南大部分地区的干旱发生频率都比较高；在5-8月份，高频率干旱发生地区就主要集中在西北和华北平原地区；9-12月份干旱发生高频率地区在主要在西北、华北、华中和四川盆地等地。

Using different concentrations of PEG solution simulated drought stress, measured PB86, PR107, RRIM600 and GT1 rubber tree seedling leaves relative water content, the relative conductivity, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar content, superoxide dismutase, 8 physiological indicators, and their changes in the law, and using principal component analysis, membership function analysis, correlation analysis grey mathematical statistical methods, such as the evaluation of four strains of rubber tree seedlings and with the drought resistance the relevance of indicators; at the same time analysing the use of hypertonic solution screening rubber tree seeds and the drought resistance of different rootstocks on 7-33-97 budding seedlings of the impact of drought that rubber tree planting material and rootstocks drought assessment, and provide a theoretical basis choice.

利用不同浓度的PEG溶液模拟干旱胁迫，测定了PB86、PR107、RRIM600和GT1橡胶树实生苗叶片相对含水量、相对电导率、丙二醛、可溶性糖含量、超氧化物歧化酶等8项生理指标，研究了它们的变化规律，并利用主成分分析、隶属函数分析、灰色关联分析等数理统计方法评价了4个品系橡胶树实生苗的抗旱性及其与各指标的相关性；同时分析了利用高渗溶液筛选的橡胶树种子的抗旱性以及不同砧木对热研7－33－97芽接苗抗旱性的影响，以为橡胶树抗旱砧木和种植材料的评价、选择提供理论依据。

The eco-physiological characteristics of drought endurance of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica were studied under different climatic regions, soil water and leaf water condition.Furthemore,the response and adaptability of trees to water stress was done.The below showed the results. 1 The parameters of drought endurance of P. sylvestris var. mongolica was measure and studied by PV technology in the subhumid, semiarid and arid regions The results indicated the osmotic potentials at water saturation condition and at the initial loss turgor decreased as the climatic drought degree increased,and related linearly with the climatic moisture index.It was proved that the drought endurance of P. sylvetris var. mongolica was varible and the elevation of the osmotic adjust capability was a main way to the adaptation of trees to the drought climatic environment.

本文研究了樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)的主要耐旱生理生态特征在不同地区、不同土壤水分状况和叶水分状况下的变化，进而研究了樟子松对水分胁迫的反应和适应，结果如下： 1 应用 PV 技术对半湿润区、半干旱区和干旱区樟子松耐旱性指标测定研究指出，水饱和总体渗透势和初始失膨点总体渗透势随着气候干旱程度增加而增加，与气候湿度指标呈直线相关，证明了樟子松属于耐旱性可变的树种，渗透调节能力增加是其对干旱气候适应的主要途径。

Pereme , separately are 209%,295%,285%; the increasing of accumulating amount separately are 209%,295%,285%; The use of silicon has a tread to rise dry weight of Bermudagrass ,Agrostis Lolium. Pereme ; Under the drought condition , the use of silicon suppressed the reducing of the relative water content of leaf in turfgrass , delaying the time of wither , stress for the 11th day in the drought .compared with water normally and not using silicon ,after use silicon, the RWC of Bermudagrass , Agrostis Lolium. Pereme only separately depressed 14%,16%,32%; Under the drought condition ,the use of silicon can increased the content of proline of Bermudagrass ,Agrostis Lolium. Pereme, stress for the 11th day in the drought and using silicon , compared with water normally and ueing silicon, the content of Pro separately increased 203%,199%,473%;The using of silicon depressing the ET of Bermudagrass and Lolium. Pereme.Under water normally condition, separately depressed 21%,8% at eleven days ;Under drought condition , separately depressed 17%,5%.

施硅增加了草坪草狗牙根、剪股颖和黑麦草的含硅量，分别为209％、295％、285％；积累量分别提高了240％、364％、355％；施硅对草坪草狗牙根、剪股颖和黑麦草的干物质积累有促进趋势；在干旱的条件下，施硅抑制了草坪草的叶相对含水量的降低，延迟了叶片萎焉的时间，在干旱胁华中农业大学2001级时一艳丽硕士学位论文迫第n天，与正CK相比，施硅后狗牙根、剪股颖和黑麦草分别只降低了 14%；16%，32%。；施硅增加了狗牙根、剪股颖、黑麦草在干旱条件下脯氨酸的含量，增强了渗透调节能力，在干旱施硅的条件下，与正51相比，在干旱胁迫第11天，狗牙根、剪股颖和黑麦草脯氨酸的含量分别增加了2叨%、199%、473%；施硅减少了狗牙根和黑麦草的蒸散量在正常浇水的条件下，与正CK相比，第11天狗牙根和黑麦草的蒸散量分别降低了21%、吕%；在干旱的条件下，与干CK相比，在干旱胁迫的第11天，狗牙根和黑麦草的蒸散量分别降低了17%、5%。

The comprehensive evalucation resulted in a strong drought resistance group including ZXY04P-201、ZXY03P-227、ZXY03P-122 and ZX Y04P-136, a weak drought resistance group including ZXY04P-101、ZXY04P-89,ZXY04P-239 and a intermediate group including the others according to the the above indicators. 3. The results of study on drought mechanism for 4 Dactylis glomerata L. under continuously water stress and rewatering show: the water saturation deficit of leaves arose hastily, and ZXY04P-239 changed most obviously while ZXY04P-201 changed only slightly under drought stress. ZXY03P-173 and ZXY04P-201 increased in the relative plasmalemma permeability and the soluble sugar content while thant of ZXY04P-75 and ZXY04P-239 showed the trend of initial increasing, reaching the peak at the 8th day, then decreasing under drought stress.

20份鸭茅种质幼苗期抗旱性研究表明，干旱胁迫条件下，所有材料的株高、生物量显著下降，叶片脯氨酸和可溶性糖作为重要的渗透调节物质，其含量迅速增加，质膜相对透性的数值变大，细胞膜受伤害程度增大，水分饱和亏缺值变大，植物保水能力变弱，胞间CO2浓度增大；净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和叶绿素含量等指标测定值减小，通过20份鸭茅种质苗期抗旱性综合评价，发现ZXY04P-201、ZXY03P-227、ZXY03P-122、ZXY04P-136属强抗旱性材料，ZXY04P-101、ZXY04P-89、ZXY04P-239属弱抗旱性材料，其他属于中等抗旱性材料。

The article adopted a new filtering-cloud composing technology used to monitoring drought,analyzed the property of Ts—NDVI characteristic space and the TVDI's indicating drought ability, put forward the TVDI compute model, grade standard, and the impact estimation method. The result indicated: 1 the decade-composed data obtained by the maximum surface temperature principle has better ability than the composed data obtained by the maximum NDVI on monitoring drought; 2 in the Ts-NDVI characteristic space,the dry side and the wet side almost are horizontal lines when the NDVI is on the small side, the temperature difference is about 45℃; 3 the TVDI has inequable level on monitoring drought as its value, the less TVDI indicates without drought occurrence, the bigger TVDI shows the drought certainly happened, the unsure drought conclusion mainly comes from the middle TVDI; 4 the monitored results of Sichuan hot-drought in 2006, obtained by the remote sensing and by the climate index, are basically consistent, the estimating error on the bearing drought crop area and on the drinking trouble population is within 10%.

采用了干旱监测合成滤云新技术，分析了Ts—NDVI特征空间属性和TVDI指数干旱监测能力，提出了四川伏旱TVDI计算模型、分级标准、和影响评估方法，结果表明：1按最大地表温度原则得到的旬合成数据比按最大植被指数原则得到的旬合成数据具有更强的旱情监测能力；2在Ts—NDVI特征空间中当NDVI较小时干湿边几乎同为水平直线，两者相差约45℃；3TVDI指数因其大小不同而对旱情的监测能力也不一样，较小时说明没有干旱发生，较大时则一定有干旱发生，中间段对干旱的监测具有不确定性；42006年四川伏旱遥感监测与气候监测结果基本一致，农作物受旱面积与饮水困难人口数估算误差在10%以内。

As to'Cabemet Sauvignon'and'Queen of Vineyard', which belong to the'West Europe Cultivars Group', no obvious decline of Fv/Fm was found in their potted plants even under severe drought stress. Their photosynthetic abilities also greatly recovered after rewatering, i. e. no serious photodamage was formed in these cultivars under drought stress. Between them, the φPSⅡ of 'Queen of Vineyard'under severe drought stress was much lower than that of'Cabernet Sauvignon', which suggested that the light use efficiency of the former was much lower than the latter under severe drought stress. The potted plants of'Autumn Royal'and'Rizamat' sustained high Fv/Fm and φPSⅡ before moderate drought stress, but seriously declined under severe drought stress, which indicated that these cultivars had a weak resistant ability to extreme drought stress. A hybridized cultivar of Vitis vinifera L. and V. labrusca L.,'Red Double Taste', its Fv/Fm and φPSⅡ expressed mild decline along drought stress grade.φPSⅡ of'Red Double Taste'was the highest among seven cultivars under severe drought stress condition, which might closely connected with its high photorespiration activity. Another new cultivar,'Red Globe', and a rootstock,'1103Paulsen', the Fv/Fm and φPSⅡ of their potted plants declined markedly under slight drought stress, which suggested that they held a weak ability to defend against photoinhibition.

西欧品种群的赤霞珠和葡萄园皇后，其盆栽苗的Fv／Fm直到重度干旱胁迫下仍没有明显的降低，且复水后光合能力恢复程度较高，即干旱没有给这两个品种造成严重的光破坏，而两个品种之间，葡萄园皇后在重度干旱胁迫下的φPSⅡ明显低于赤霞珠，说明其光合器官在严重干旱胁迫时对光能的利用率较差；新品种皇家秋天和东方品种群的里扎马特在中度干旱胁迫下仍可维持较高的Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ，但在重度干旱胁迫下则降低幅度较大，说明其抵御极端干旱胁迫的能力较差；欧美杂种红双味的Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ随着干旱胁迫程度的增加呈现平缓的下降趋势，而且其φPSⅡ在重度干旱胁迫下是七个品种中最高的，这应该与其此时仍维持较强的光呼吸活性有关；红地球和砧木1103Paulsen的Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ在轻度干旱胁迫下就明显下降，表明干旱条件下其抵御光抑制的能力较差。

These six species are contrasted with three different phenological types, i.e., an evergreen, Cyclobalanopsis helferiana, two winter-deciduous, Buchanania latifolia and Symplocos racemosa, and three drought-deciduous species, Terminthia paniculata, Wendlandia tinctoria and Woodfordia fruticosa.

这6种植物包括1种常绿植物毛枝青冈， 2种冷凉季落叶( WD， winter-deciduous)植物天干果和珠仔树，3种干热季落叶(DD， drought-deciduous)植物三叶漆、红皮水锦树和虾子花。

Quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence decreased and Non-photochemical Quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence increased for both alfalfas under drought stress. Generally speaking, qP decreased less and qN increased more in the high drought-resistance alfalfa than in the low drought-resistance alfalfa, suggesting that when under drought stress, the electron transport activity and photosynthetic apparatus was damaged less in the alfalfa with high drought-resistance than in the alfalfa with low drought- resistance.

PSⅡ光化学淬灭系数、非光化学淬灭系数的变化表现为干旱胁迫下两种紫花苜蓿qP值降低、qN值升高，总体上抗旱性强的紫花苜蓿qP降低的幅度低且qN升高幅度大，表明抗旱性强的紫花苜蓿PSⅡ反应中心电子传递活性受到的影响小，光合机构的损伤程度低。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了