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By using the semi experiential engineering arithmetic based on the ideology of area ratio , the slope of lift coefficient curve, the zero lift drag coefficient and the induced drag factor of double delta wing aircraft were calculated.

采用基于面积比思想的半经验工程算法计算了双三角翼飞机的升力系数曲线斜率、零升阻力系数和诱导阻力因子。

We call this form of drag induced drag because it is "induced" by the process of creating lift.

我们叫这种阻力叫诱导阻力是因为它是在产生升力的过程中产生的。

This paper presents a mathematical model that employs momentum method to calculate the aerodynamic drag of the truck. This model achieves higher precision than previous methods without consideration of induced drag.

本文提出了动量法计算汽车气动阻力的数学模型，该模型克服了此前的方法中忽略诱导阻力的缺点，显著的提高了计算精度。

But for a small vehicle, the decrease in induced drag and increase in skin friction drag are more equal, so only marginal improvements in overall efficiency are possible.

但是对于小型飞行器，减少的诱导阻力和增加的表面摩擦阻力大致相等，所以效率的提升并不显著。

Induced drag occurs when the air flow separates from the surface of a wing, while friction drag is due to the friction between the air and bird moving through the air.

诱导拖动发生时，气流分离，从表面的一翼，而摩擦拖曳是由于摩擦之间的空气和鸟移动通过空气。

A tail thus enables the bird to have wings that are optimized for cruising speed (with the tail furled to minimize drag) and, at low speeds, the spread tail reduces induced drag during manoeuvring and turning flight.

一条尾巴，从而使鸟类有翅膀是优化的巡航速度（与尾巴furled ，以减少阻力），并在低速，传播尾巴减少诱导阻力在操纵，把飞行。

Based on these da- ta,an optimization model to distinguish skin drag coefficient and form drag coefficient was es- tablished.

根据这些试验数据，利用动量法原理和数学优化方法构造了摩拖曳系数和形拖曳系数的辨识模型，将摩拖曳系数和形拖曳系数两项分开。

The horizontal drag FD, created by the flow, consists of skin friction acting on the surface of the grain and form drag due to a pressure difference on the up-and downstream sides of the grain because of flow separation.

此水平阻速力 FD，由流动所产生，包括着表皮的摩擦加于颗粒的表面以及由粒子上和下流两边所产生之压力差所形成的阻速力，这是因为分开流动所致。

By solving the linearized atmospheric dynamic equation system including turbulent dissipation, the analytical solutions of wave drag and form drag over small scale terrain in a nocturnal stable boundary layer are obtained.

通过求解含有摩擦耗散的线性化大气动力学方程组，得到了在夜间稳定大气边界层中小尺度地形产生的波动阻力和形式阻力的解析解。

Zuoqing in the low temperature, you can retain more alcohol and the second methionine Aoba, can be a new tea; enzymatic oxidation also part of the protein broken down into amino acids by the oxidation of carbohydrate in the formation of different amino acids, such as sulfur acid 100, malic acid, the composition of the aromatic substances; Pro quinone drag caused by ammonia and amino acid carboxyl drag to form a ketone; carotene form of oxidative degradation are also some aroma.

在低温的做青中，可保留较多的青叶醇和二甲硫，可呈现新茶香；酶促氧化作用亦使部分蛋白质分解成氨基酸糖类物质经氧化形成不同的氨基酸，如琉百酸，苹果酸，组成了芳香物质；临醌引起氨基酸的拖氨和拖羧，形成酮类；胡萝卜素的氧化降解也形成一些香气。

According to our present broadcasting situation,the thesis proposes using new technology to update and reform the present HFC. It also suggests broadcasting using self-advantage and arranging EPON in order to win the supermarket.

论文从我国广电的现状出发，结合实际，积极倡导采用新技术更新、改造我国现有的HFC网络；倡导广电现阶段利用自身优势，部署EPON网络来赢取市场。

A new general kinetic equation was derived in which the effect of the removal of condensation water was taken into account completely, and was applied to the polyesterification kinetic study of AA/HPHP and AA/NPG. It was found that the reaction order of self-catalyzed polyesterification was not constant. For these polyesterifications, the reaction order was 2.5 at a low temperature, while 3.0 at a high temperature.

考虑缩合水的排除对反应体系的影响，用体积浓度单位推导出一个新的聚酯反应总包动力学方程，并应用到AA/HPHP和AA/NPG两个聚酯化反应的动力学研究中，研究发现，自催化聚酯反应的反应级数并不是固定值，对于AA/HPHP和AA/NPG两个聚酯化反应而言，低温时反应级数为2.5，高温时反应级数为3.0。