查询词典 divided difference

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

The results indicated that the formation of fault basin constrained by magnetic crystalline basement. The more complex of the crustal tectonic, the greater the difference mechanical strength between crust media, the smaller thermal water release less, the easier bred major earthquake.6. Mapped the new quaternary tectonic map of four fault basin based on the data of shallow seismic profiles, drilling, and the redrawn fault system divided by the potential data processing, etc.

研究结果表明断陷盆地的形成受磁性结晶基底的制约；地壳结构越复杂，地壳介质之间的力学强度差异越大，热水点年释放量越小，就越容易孕育和发生大的地震。6、利用浅层地震剖面、钻井等资料，并参考重磁划分的断裂系，新编制了山西四个断陷盆地的第四系构造图。

After the early spring, sprouts the scale bud, the different variety peony's scale bud shape is different, is divided the circular, the egg circular, the long oval, the long oval, the color also respectively has the difference.

早春后，萌生鳞芽，不同品种牡丹的鳞芽形状不同，分圆形、卵圆形、狭长卵形、长卵形，颜色也各有差异。

Journey time about 16 hours, the fare should be 1000RMB (146 U.S. Dollar)~ 2000RMB (292 dollars), because it is divided into the Principal cabin, first class and second class, so the fare difference.

航行时间大概是16个小时，票价应该是1000RMB（146美元）~2000RMB（292美元），因为它分为特等舱，一等舱和二等舱，所以票价有差别。

The final column gives the weight in pounds divided by the length in feet; a weapon for which this figure is below 1 is illegal in Caid unless the fighter's gauntlet adds enough weight to make up the difference.

最后列的重量在英镑除以长度在英尺；的武器，这个数字是低于1是非法的，在计算机辅助工业设计，除非战斗机的挑战增加了足够的重量，以补足差额。

As for the diffusive term, it is shifted to undetermined time level to be discretized by divided central difference. The shifting error will be small for weak diffusion problems.

对于弱扩散问题，由于扩散系数比较小，这种转移引起的误差也比较小，从而可以期望得到更精确的数值结果。

That is the comprehensive evaluation about the grasses. With SAS Microsoft, Q-type system cluster is done according to the weight of the indices coming from the hierarchy analysis and the grades of the indices. The result is that all the grasses are divided into six types (r0.7) and its almost consistent with the result of comprehensive evaluation but there is slightly difference about red clover, white clover and cocksfoot.

在利用层次分析法得出权重和确定指标分级的基础上，运用SAS统计软件进行数据处理，采用类平均法进行Q型系统聚类，当λ=0.7时，聚类结果与综合性状评定划分的类型基本一致，只在白三叶、红三叶和鸭茅分属类型上有差异。

At that level, the main difference of the system to provincial and prefecture levels is the callback counterfoil subsystem of certificates, seals and marks. The subsystem was divided into three levels from simple to intricacy.

县级证章标志管理与省级、市级明显不同之处是证章标志回收工作，该系统将回收子系统从简到繁在三个层次上对证章标志回收进行管理，满足对回收票据不同层次上的信息管理需求。

According to the change of color of TMB, we divided maturation into three phases. The result showed that the germination ratio of TMB affected by difference maturation. And the difference had high relationship with the species, that say genotype of Amorphophallus Blume could affect the storage.

本实验将这个过程分为3个阶段，对不同采收时期的微球茎进行储藏及萌发研究，结果表明，不同采收期的微球茎，储藏后的萌发率具有较大的差异，而且这种差异与魔芋种具有较大的相关性，这种差异与其保水性能有关。

By analysing difference among groups,productivity of Wanxi White goose×Sichuan White goose were estimated.The!results showed that the difference among groups was significant while all geese were divided into 6 groups.The factor scorings of meat power,feather-down power,and eviscerated percentage were higher in group 1 and group 2,which indicated that geese in...

结果表明，当观测个体被分成6组(G1、G2、G3、G4、G5、G6组)时，组间的因子得分具有显著差异；各组产肉力、产毛力和净膛率得分以G1和G2组较高，这些个体的产肉和产毛性能优越，同时具有低脂、肉系水性好、羽绒疏水性强等特点；而脂肪酸品质、产脂力、腿肉率、肌肉水损失、消化力、心功能、绒品质和绒亲水性8个因子得分均以G5和G6组为优，这些个体的脂肪酸品质、羽绒品质以及心胃的辅助性能优越，同时具有腿部肌肉发达，易肥胖，肌肉系水性差等特性。G3和G4则介于两者之间，但其羽型的得分较高。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。