查询词典 distribution function

After comparing the two type of tests,we came to some conclusions.The tests based on binomial test can be regarded as some kind of permutation tests under certain definition of "permutaton".If the tests are related to statistics,then whether they can be viewed as permutation tests depends on if the value of the probability,p,is known where p is the population parameter in the null hypothesis.For tests like Kolmogorov goodness-of-fit test,since the statistics is calculated based on empirical distribution function,hence no matter how we repermutate the observations,the order statistics is the same.This kind of tests can't be regarded as permutation tests.

我们得到的结论为：在一般的无母数检定中，如果检定与binomial test相关，基本上都可以视作排列检定的一种；与卡方检定相关的检定，基本上和p值已知或是未知有关，这个p值为原始假设下所要检定的母体机率值；其他检定如Kolmogorov goodness-of-fit test，由於统计量的值是根据empirical distribution function决定，而不论如何重新排列样本，其顺序统计量都不变，所以无法视为一种排列检定。

Events,Operation and Relation of Sets, Classical Probability, Geometrical Probability , Statistical Stability of a Frequency, Axioms of Probability, Conditional Probability, Total Probability Theorem, Bayes' Rule,Independent Events,Independent Repeated Trials, One Dimensional Random Variables, Discrete Random Variables, Distribution Function of a Random Variables , Continuous Random Variables, Normal Distribution, Distribution of a Function of a Random Variable, Multidimensional Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function, Marginal Distribution Function,Discrete Two—Dimensional Random Variables,Continuous Two—Dimensional Random Variables, Independent Random Variables, Distribution of Functions of Random Variables,Expectation,Variance, Covariance, Coefficient of Correlation, Bivariate Normal Distribution, Law of Large Numbers, The Central Limit Theorems, Sample and Population ,Chi—Squared, T and F Distributions , Sampling Distributions , Point Estimation , Interval Estimation , Testing Hypotheses , A Test of Significance for Parameters in a Single Sample From a Normally Distributed Population , A Test of Significance for Parameters in Two Sample From Normally Distributed Populations .

本课程的主要内容：概率的概念与运算、随机变量及其分布、随机变量的数字特征与极限定理、数理统计的基本概念、估计和检验的基本方法，随机事件与概率随机事件、事件的关系与运算、几何概率、统计概率等，条件概率、全概率公式、贝叶斯公式、事件的独立性、二项概率公式，随机变量的概念、离散型随机变量、随机变量的分布函数、连续型随机变量、随机变量函数的分布，多维随机变量及其分布函数、边缘分布函数、随机变量的独立性、二维随机变量函数的分布，数学期望、方差、协方差和相关系数、大数定律、中心极限定理，总体与样本， X 2-分布、 t-分布和 F-分布，统计量及抽样分布，假设检验的基本概念、单个正态总体参数的显著性检验、两个正态总体参数的显著性检验。

In addition,we show that the transformed conditional distribution function is of the same family as that of the original one as long as the moment generating function of the original distribution function exists,which is illustrated by two special cases:Normal distribution and Normal Inverse Gaussiandistribution.

此外，本文还通过两个特殊情况(正态分布和正态逆高斯分布)说明了：只要初始分布函数的母函数存在，转化后的条件分布函数保持原有的分布类型。

As for continuous random variable, the connection of distribution function between random variable and its function -- a new random variable can be obtained first according to the definition of distribution function, then the connection between distribution densities can be obtained by derivation; thus the distribution density is solved.

对于连续型随机变量ξ来说，可由分布函数的定义先求出随机变量ξ和它的函数η=f这个新的随机变量的分布函数之间的联系，然后通过求导，得到密度函数之间的联系，从而求得η的分布密度。

The next two chapters are the main content. From empirical distribution function, using theory of spline function , give new algorithms of monad distribution function and multivariate distribution function separately.

第三章和第四章由经验分布函数出发，利用B—样条函数理论，分别给出构造一元分布函数和多元分布函数的方法。

Choosing reliability simulation data as a sample, the parameter confidence interval as coding space and the reciprocal of errors between empirical distribution function and acquired distribution function as a fitness function, the point estimation model of age distribution is established based on the genetic algorithm, and the reliability function of complex systems is acquired.

以可靠性仿真数据为寿命样本，待估计参数的置信区间为编码空间，以经验分布与所求分布误差倒数为适应度函数，建立了基于遗传算法的寿命分布参数点估计模型，求得了复杂系统可靠度函数。

I have calculated the species diversity for 3 layers (i.e. tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer) by means of various biodiversity index formulas and analyzed the relative species abundance using 9 models of the probability density distribution functions, such as, 3 Distribution (or Beta Distribution, Weibull Distribution, Lognormal Distribution, Poisson Distribution, Binomial Distribution, Negative Binomial Distribution ,Geometric Distribution, etc.. chi-square analyses were conducted on species distribution by using the chi-square test formulated by Pearson to test which distribution function is better, the result of chi square test made it possible to reject the other 8 distribution functions, theβdistribution function performs better than other probability density functions, it has a very close approximation, which can be used for the description of relative abundances of species in forest communities in this data set.

在相对多度研究上选用了九种概率分布模型，这九种概率密度分布函数依次为：贝塔分布、Weibull分布、对数正态分布、泊松分布、二项分布、负二项分布、几何分布、对数分布和奈曼A型分布，并进行了严格的卡方检验，结果表明：其它八种分布均被遭到拒绝，只有贝塔分布获得了通过，且拟合的结果非常理想。

There maybe be some differences between the original assumption PDF to the new one generated by sparse data input and we suggested to using the truncated probability distribution function for modeling this situation.

针对此分布不匹配的问题，本研究首先提出使用截尾分布机率密度函数(truncated probability distribution function)的概念来近似。

When we applied this model to the bank runs in the Credit Department of Farmer's Institutions, it has discovered that there is a bimodal distribution in the hazard rate function, and that is not apropos to continuously hypothesizing it as a single distribution function for the reason that a single distribution function does not include a bimodal distribution hazard function.

当我们将这个模型应用到农会信用部发生挤兑的问题上，发现它的危险率函数呈现双峰的形状，而由於单一分配函数并无法具有双峰型危险率函数，此时如继续假设单一分配函数，并不恰当。

Based on the tomato and eggplant supply data of Shanghai in sequence of year, using meteorological data in SAMR(The data management system of Shanghai Agricultural Meteorology Report) and screening the meteorological factors related to the vagetable output, the authors carried out curve fitting and estimation of related parameters of distribution function.

Gompertz曲线和对数正态分布函数(Logarithmic normal distribution function)作为这二种蔬菜上市趋势的数学模型，进行曲线拟合，先调用上海市农业科学院测试中心的SAMR农业气象资料数据库所存贮的气象数据，筛选与该蔬菜产量有密切相关的气象因子，再用多元回归方法对初选因子作进一步的筛选，从而估计出分布函数的有关参数。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。