查询词典 dissipation of energy

During the four years study on the project, we develop a dynamical forecast model that describing the subtropical ridge surface. A new theory on the role of the land-sea thermal difference on the formation of the Subtropical High is advanced. It is concluded that in the summer subtropics over each continent and its adjacent ocean LO, SE, CO, and a double-dominant heating from west to east compose a LOSECOD heating quadruplet. The influence of the Eurasia continent on SH varies according to the seasonal variation. From the ideal numerical simulation it is shown the important role of the Eaiuan continent and the huge topography on the mechanism of formation and mantanence of the SH during the summer. It is verified by the numerical simulation that the extension of the subtropical continent into the tropics greatly enhances the " East Asian monsoon". Through the Rossby energy dissipation theory it is verified that the deep latent convective heating induces the onset of the South China Sea monsoon over the Bay of Bengal. The relationship and mechanism between the precipitaiton over the East Asia and the Subtropicla high is illustrated by the data. It is also found the close phase lock between the east-west shift of the SH and the disturbence of the east wind belt over the tropical troposphere. The interaction between the structure and activity feature of the SH and the Meiyu over the Yangtze-Huaihe river valley is revealed from the data. The numerical simulation verified the impact of the different SH pattern on the path of the typhoon.

本项目的研究发展了描述副热带高压脊面变化的动力模型，提出了夏季副热带地区四叶型非绝热加热分布型及相应环流拼图的创新理论；明确了大陆尺度的海陆热力差异在副热带高压形成中的作用；指出欧亚地形对副热带高压和气候的影响随季节变化而变化，通过数值试验证明春季青藏高原的感热加热对亚洲夏季风的爆发地点起了"锚定"的作用，进一步证实了副热带高压断裂和亚洲夏季风的最早爆发地点发生在孟加拉湾东岸；利用Rossby波能量频散理论证明了孟加拉湾深对流潜热释放诱导南海季风爆发的机制；揭示了东亚季风降水的季节内变化与西太副高的关系及机理；揭示了西太副高与东西风带中扰动之间的相互作用过程，指出西太副高的东西活动与热带对流层上空东风带扰动和中纬度西风带扰动的移动和锁相密切相关；研究了夏季淮河流域梅雨期间副高结构和活动特征及其与江淮暴雨的相互作用；验证了不同副热带高压形态对台风路径的不同影响；通过数值试验证明了欧亚大陆和青藏高原等大地形对副热带高压形成和维持的重要作用。

Moreover, The influence of parameters, such as bracing stiffness, yielding displacement of the dissipater and different distribution of dissipating braces on the suppressive effectiveness of structure vibration is studied and some referential suggestion is presented for the design of passive energy dissipation system.

此外，本文还对耗能支撑减震参数(斜撑刚度、耗能器屈服位移)的改变以及耗能支撑的不同布置方式对结构减震效果的影响进行了分析，为摩擦耗能支撑框架的设计提供一些参考性建议。

How to ensure this new structure to be in elastic state under frequent earthqu ake, be mendable under design earthquake and not collapse under infrequent earthquake, especially the last item, is the problem to be solved imminently in engineering field. Center around this problem, 5 aspects of investigation are carried out as following:(1) The experiment of seismic performance of ASCCs in this new frame structure has not been reported, in order to study this problem, 9 ASCC specimens with shear steel plate are tested subjected to the horizontal low cyclic loading, in which, the shear span ratio is 3 and axial compression ratio is different. The hysteretic curves of 9 specimens are obtained. The seismic performance indexes such as energy dissipation, stiffness degradation, strength degradation, skeleton curves and ductility of this kind of column are acquired, and the seismic fortification measures including ultimate values of axial compression ratio under different seismic degree are suggested.

1新型框架结构中所采用的角钢混凝土柱抗震性能的试验研究尚未见报道，针对这一问题，本文进行了9根剪跨比为3、不同轴压比、采用钢板箍的角钢混凝土柱在水平低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究，获得了9根试验柱的滞回曲线，考察了该类柱的耗能、刚度退化、抗力衰减、骨架曲线及延性等抗震性能指标，建议了角钢混凝土柱在不同抗震等级下的轴压比限值等抗震构造措施。

The main contents are as follows. By the experiments of two joints under low-reversed cyclic loading, the paper analyzes the failure pattern, energy dissipation, ductility and cracking in the joint cores, evaluates the seismic performances and anti-crack behaviors of the joints, and deduces the anti-crack formula of the subassemblage and prestressed frame joint. Through the finite element analysis software Ansys , the paper analyzes the specimens nonlinearly, and the theoretical analysis results are well consistent with those of the experiment.

主要内容包括：通过两榀节点在低周反复荷载作用下的试验，分析其破坏形态、耗能能力、延性性能和节点核芯区裂缝开展情况，评估节点的抗震性能和抗裂能力，推导出预压装配式框架节点的抗裂验算公式；并运用Ansys对试验中的节点进行了非线性分析，计算结果与试验结果基本吻合。

Finally, the design method of the technology of SMA superelastic damping for structural vibration control is put forward, based on the sum-up of the design and research work of the SMA superelastic vibration energy dissipation devices in the paper.

最后本文在总结形状记忆合金超弹性阻尼减震装置的设计和研究工作的基础上，提出了形状记忆合金超弹性阻尼减震技术用于工程结构振动控制的设计思路和设计方法。

Lastly, in accordance with the actual situations of the prototype structure of mosque pagoda, based on the similar relation of model experiments, a model structure of mosque pagoda with a similar coefficient of 1/10 is designed and fabricated. Earthquake simulating shaking table tests are performed on the model structure of pagoda in the cases the AB type passive control system with SMA dampers is erected or unerected. The leading earthquake responses like the relative drift at the top of the main tower and the small tower, interstory drift ratio, acceleration, and cracking process of the pagodas body etc. are studied. The operational behaviors involving the deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity is tested for passive control system with SMA dampers under the earthquake excitation, and the corresponding control mechanism and regularity is also analyzed. Furthermore, the performance changes and protection effectiveness is comprehensively evaluated while the model structure of pagoda is seismically protected or not.

最后，根据光塔原型结构的实际情况，以模型试验的相似关系为基础，设计并制作了一个相似系数S，为1/10的光塔模型结构，并先后进行了未安装和安装A、B型SMA阻尼器被动控制系统光塔模型结构的地震模拟振动台试验，研究了模型结构在3种不同工况下，主塔顶部和小塔顶部的相对位移、层间位移角和加速度以及塔体开裂等光塔结构的主要地震反应，测试了SMA阻尼器被动控制系统在地震激励下的变形能力和消能能力等工作性能，分析了相应的控制机理和控制规律，并从总体上评价了光塔模型结构抗震保护前后的性能变化和保护效果。

The company devotes to develop energy-saving, material-saving, high performance and new type radiator products. It is specialized in the production of Auto air conditioner evaporator, condensers, heater, CPU heat sink, LED the radiator and so on. The company successfully obtains the National Patent Award (the Chinese patent mode 200720056708.4 item). The main focus of the patent is on the whole unity of radiator. Through sophisticated state-of-art production technique and design, the fins are dissembled into different angles and shapes, including trapezoid, triangle, rectangle and even wave shape. It can thus greatly increase the heat dissipation effect by multiplying the surface area.

公司致力於节能、节材、高效新型散热器产品的自主开发，目前专业生产的产品有汽车空调蒸发器、冷凝器、暖炉、CPU散热器及LED散热器等。2008年成功获得国家专利认证（中国专利实用新型第200720056708.4 项），这项专利主要针对在一体性的散热器基础上，透过特殊生产工艺及设计，将鳍片矫饰成不同角度和形状，包括梯形、三角、长方形甚至波浪形等，以达到增加散热的表面积的效果。

In the high efficiency oil removal technology aspect, the theory study and application experiment of air sparged liquid-liquid hydrocyclone was carried out, enlightened by the air sparged solid-liquid hydrocyclone. Firstly, the strength and movement of dispersed phase was analyzed in theory, it was proved that the air bubble-oil drop polymer trend to move to the axes of hydrocyclone. Secondly, using CFD method, the characteristics of oil-air-water flow field were studied, including velocity distribution, pressure distribution, turbulent motion energy and its dissipation distribution. The characteristics and separation effect under different air injection methods were simulated. Thirdly, the separation ex-periment of air sparged liquid-liquid hydrocyclone was carried out at Lab. The major structure parameters of the hydrocyclone were optimized, the reasonable air injection method and performance parameters were determined through 4 groups of air injection experiments.

首先，对气携旋流场中分散相粒子的受力及运动进行了理论分析，证明了气泡与油滴形成的聚合体，更易于向轴心运动；其次，应用CFD方法，研究了油-气-水三相流场的速度分布、压力分布、湍动能及其耗散率分布特性，对不同注气方式的流场特性及分离效果进行了数值模拟；第三，开展了气携液-液旋流分离特性室内研究，优化了旋流器的主要结构参数，对四种注气方式的分离效率进行了对比，确定了合理的注气方式和操作参数；最后，在油田现场开展了处理聚驱采出污水工艺试验，确定了工艺运行参数，评价了处理效果。

This analytical approach shows that, as increasing the wear flat of indenter, the maximum indentation force needed to develop critical plastic zone increases and its corresponding critical penetration depth also increases slightly, Note that the effect of wear flat will affect rock fracture behavior. In addition, regarding the simulation of the effect of doubled-indenters, result shows that two adjacent indenters may interact each other as reaching the transient/critical relative space between indenters of 2~3. It dicpicts that a proper spacing arrangement between indenters may enhance a efficient mechanical cutting due to the less required maximum indentation force and energy dissipation.

由数值模拟之结果得知，当楔尖磨耗增加时，岩材产生脆性破坏之初裂贯切力随之增加，而其对应之临界贯入深度则亦微幅增加，故磨耗效应确会干扰岩材脆性破坏机制之形成；而由双刀效应之模拟，可知两贯切刀楔互制影响之破坏裂缝生、衍行为，当双刀相对刀距为时，岩材之破坏特徵有明显变化，即定义此为临界相对刀距，并探讨其产生脆性破坏所需初裂贯切力之变动范围及应力重叠区，由此得知适当之刀距安排将有助於减少能量之耗损。

The main research activities of the Department cover the general layout of hydro projects, hydraulics of spillways for high dams, energy dissipation and river bed or bank erosions, flow induced vibration, cavitation and air entrainment, river ice, hydraulic transient flow simulation and control on hydropower project, pumped storage project and long distance water transfer project, optimization of thermal/nuclear power plant and other industrial cooling systems, investigation of the fundamental theory of stratified/mixing flow and its applications, studies on fluid mechanics and thermodynamics of large scale cooling towers, hydraulic field observations for existing projects, development of instrumentation for physical model tests and field observations.

研究领域主要为水利水电枢纽总体布置、高坝泄洪建筑物水力学、消能防冲、流激振动、空化与空蚀、崩岸水力学与岸坡保护、河冰问题、水电站引水系统中的水力瞬变及调压井水力学研究、跨流域调水工程中的规划及水力控制数值仿真、冷却水的工程水力热力问题研究、环境水力学、火电厂水工模型试验与数值模拟研究、火电厂取排水局部泥沙冲淤试验、模型和原体监测仪器的研制和开发、以及过水现场原体监测。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了