查询词典 disease-causing

Objective To evaluate Borna disease virusFluorescent-Quantitation Real Time PCR kit and study the preliminary application results of the kit.

目的 评价博尔纳病病毒(Borna disease virus， BDV)实时荧光定量PCR试剂盒的各项指标，并了解其实际应用效果。

In order to verify the Fluorescent-Quantitation PCR kit specific for Borna disease virus nucleoprotein, compare molecular beacon with common probe and study its practical application, the sensitivity, distinctness, repeatability and stability were tested on BDV and non-BDV infected cells, as well as non-infected controls. Human and animal samples were also tested by the kit. The lowest quantity of virus RNA detected by the kit was 2.5×101, which corresponded to 1 virus copy.

为评价博尔纳病病毒(Borna disease virus， BDV)核蛋白荧光定量PCR试剂盒的各项指标，比较分子信标探针相对普通探针的优势，并了解其实际检测效果，本课题组使用BDV OL持续感染细胞株、非BDV病毒序列转染的OL细胞、正常的OL细胞，对BDV RT-PCR试剂盒的敏感性、特异性、重复性和稳定性进行评估，同时检测部分临床病人和动物外周血液RNA。

FMD An acute, highly contagious degenerative viral disease of cattle and other cloven-hoofed animals, characterized by fever and the eruption of vesicles around the mouth and hoofs. It is usually not fatal.

Also called hoof-and-mouth disease 口蹄疫：家禽及其他偶蹄动物患的一种急性，传染性极强，由滤性细菌引起的衰退症，表现为高烧和口，蹄周围的生出小泡。

The donor of haplo-hematopoietic stem cells was her elder-brother. Graft-versus-host disease was prevented with CsA, MTX, ATG, CD25 and mycophenolate mofetial.

移植物抗宿主病(Graft-Versus-Host Disease，GVHD)预防采用环孢菌素A+ATG+霉酚酸酯+短程甲氨喋呤和CD25单抗。

Two displayed enlargement of their brains' Virchow-Robin spaces, gaps in the brain matter surrounding blood vessels that look like white birdshot on MRIs. Enlarged VR spaces are found in the elderly and in people with Blzheimer's disease, but they don't normally show up in people in their twenties and thirties, the age of these climbers.

其中两人表现出脑部VR空间扩大，在MRI扫描图上，脑血管周围的脑白质中的裂口看起来就像白色的鸟枪弹孔（扩大的 VR空间常见于老年人以及患有Blzheimer's disease患者中，但是却不常见于20~40岁的人群中，这些登山者就在这个年龄段）。

By use of site mutation strategy and PCR technology, we obtained the gene P12X3C that includes full length P1, 2A, 3C and a part of 2B and 3B and the gene P12X3C3D that includes full length P1, 2A, 3C, 3D and a part of 2B and 3B. After being digested by restriction enzyme respectively, the gene P12X3C and the gene P12X3C3D were cloned into the pcDNA3. 1 and pTARGET expression vector that were digested by the same enzyme. Recombinant plasmids were checked by restriction enzyme analysis and nucleic acid sequencing. Further more, recombinant plasmids were transfected into BHK-21 cells by using lipoid. The proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus , which were expressed in BHK-21 cells, were confirmed by sandwich-ELISA and fluoroscopy, and the capsid of FMDV was tested by electron microscope. In order to evaluate enhanced immune response of guinea pigs against FMDV, DNA vaccines which were designed to produce viral capsids lacking infectious viral nucleic acid and contained the gene P12X3C and the gene P12X3C3D were injected respectively with FMDV 3D protein which was expressed in Pichia Pastoris Secreted expression System and purified or with pcDNA3. 1/IFN which includes the gene IFN-α of cattle. Subsequently, Recombinant plasmids were injected to cattles with or without pcDNA3. 1/IFN. Anti-FMDV antibodies were detected by ELISA, and the T lymphocyte proliferation response was tested by MTT assay, neutralization antibodies titers were analyzed by micro-neutralization assay.

为研制带有O型口蹄疫病毒(Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus，FMDV)China99株结构蛋白基因及多个非结构蛋白基因的DNA疫苗，本研究通过定点突变方法和PCR扩增方法，获得包含有FMDV China99株结构蛋白P1、非结构蛋白2A、3C以及部分2B、3B编码基因的片段P12X3C和包含有FMDV China99株结构蛋白P1、非结构蛋白2A、3C、3D以及部分2B、3B编码基因的片段P12X3C3D，将获得的基因片段直接/酶切后与同样处理的真核表达质粒连接，分别得到重组质粒pcDNA3.1/P12X3C和pcDNA3.1/P12X3C3D、pTARGET/P12X3C3D；对重组质粒进行序列测定、分析，并将重组质粒分别转染BHK-21细胞，通过双抗体夹心ELISA方法和间接免疫荧光标记方法检测细胞中FMDV抗原的表达，用电子显微镜观察病毒空衣壳的组装；为评价重组质粒作为DNA疫苗对实验动物及本动物的免疫效果，将重组质粒经肌肉注射方法接种豚鼠，并与酵母表达的纯化FMDV China99株3D蛋白及带有牛α干扰素的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/IFN分别/同时免疫，第二次免疫后第三周豚鼠攻以1OOID〓或1000ID〓的O型FMDV China99株；随后将质粒pcDNA3.1/P12X3C、pcDNA3.1/P12X3C3D与带有牛α干扰素的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/IFN同时免疫牛，三周后经牛舌皮攻以10〓ID〓的O型FMDV China99株。

By use of site mutation strategy and PCR technology, we obtained the gene P12X3C that includes full length PI, 2A, 3C and a part of 2B and 3B and the gene P12X3C3D that includes full length PI, 2A, 3C, 3D and a part of 2B and 3B. After being digested by restriction enzyme respectively, the gene P12X3C and the gene P12X3C3D were cloned into the pcDNA3.1 and pTARGET expression vector that were digested by the same enzyme. Recombinant plasmids were checked by restriction enzyme analysis and nucleic acid sequencing. Further more, recombinant plasmids were transfected into BHK-21 cells by using lipoid. The proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus, which were expressed in BHK-21 cells, were confirmed by sandwich-ELlSA and fluoroscopy, and the capsid of FMDV was tested by electron microscope. In order to evaluate enhanced immune response of guinea pigs against FMDV, DNA vaccines which were designed to produce viral capsids lacking infectious viral nucleic acid and contained the gene P12X3C and the gene P 12X3C3D were injected respectively with FMDV 3D protein which was expressed in Pichia Pastoris Secreted expression System and purified or with pcDNA3.1/lFN which includes the gene IFN-a of cattle. Subsequently, Recombinant plasmids were injected to catties with or without pcDNA3.1/IFN. Anti-FMDV antibodies were detected by ELISA, and the T lymphocyte proliferation response was tested by MTT assay, neutralization antibodies liters were analyzed by micro-neutralization assay.

为研制带有O型口蹄疫病毒(Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus，FMDV)China99株结构蛋白基因及多个非结构蛋白基因的DNA疫曲，本研究通过定点突变方法和PCR扩增方法，获得包含有FMDV China99株结构蛋白P1、非结构蛋白2A、3C以及部分2B、3B编码基因的片段P12X3C和包含有FMDV China99株结构蛋白P1、非结构蛋白2A、3C、3D以及部分2B、3B编码基因的片段P12X3C3D，将获得的基因片段直接／酶切后与同样处理的真核表达质粒连接，分别得到重组质粒pcDNA3.1／P12X3C和pcDNA3.1／P12X3C3D、pTARGET／P12X3C3D；对重组质粒进行序列测定、分析，并将重组质粒分别转染BHK-21细胞，通过双抗体夹心ELISA方法和间接免疫荧光标记方法检测细胞中FMDV抗原的表达，用电子显微镜观察病毒空衣壳的组装；为评价重组质粒作为DNA疫苗对实验动物及本动物的免疫效果，将重组质粒经肌肉注射方法接种豚鼠，并与酵母表达的纯化FMDV China99株3D蛋白及带有牛α干扰素的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1／IFN分别／同时免疫，第二次免疫后第三周豚鼠攻以100ID_(50)或1000ID_(50)的O型FMDV China99株：随后将质粒pcDNA3.1／P12X3C、pcDNA3.1／P12X3C3D与带有牛α干扰素的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1／IFN同时免疫牛，三周后经牛舌皮攻以10~4ID_(50)的O型FMDV China99株。

Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia, it is lack of effective cure or preventive treatment. Dementias in the elder are an increasing medical, social and economic problems and current treatments are only mildly effective.

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease， AD)是最常见的痴呆性疾病，严重影响患者的工作能力及生活质量，也为家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。

To investigate the methods to effectively and simply assess the CAG repeat size of HD gene which was necessary for gene diagnosis of Huntington disease, the sequence including polymorphic CAG repeat of HD gene was amplified by PCR with TaKaRa LA Taq DNA polymerase and GC buffer. PCR products were analyzed on polyacrylamide gel to distinguish normal alleles from HD alleles. The DNA fragments of affected alleles were recovered from polyacrylamide gel as templets for secondary PCR. The secondary PCR products were cloned into T vector for sequencing analysis to determine CAG repeat size. A total of 20 normal individuals and 3 members from a HD pedigree were included in this study.

为了简单高效检测HD基因开放阅读框5'端n三核苷酸重复序列，建立快速准确的亨廷顿病(Huntington disease， HD)基因诊断方法，应用TaKaRa LA Taq DNA聚合酶配合GC buffer扩增HD基因包含n重复序列的目的片段，非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测后回收n拷贝数异常增多的目的片段，再次PCR扩增后将产物连接至T载体，进行DNA测序确定CAG的拷贝数。

Limitations of this study include lack of generalizability to non-US populations, uncertain direction of causality, and possible residual confounding. In addition, further studies are needed to determine if repleting 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels affect hyperglycemia, blood pressure, infection rates, or mortality rates in end-stage renal disease.

研究限制包括，无法一般化美国人以外的人口，无法确定因果关联，可能有其他干扰因素，此外，需要后续研究确认充足的25-hydroxyvitamin D值是否会影响末期肾脏病(end-stage renal disease，ESRD)之高血糖、血压、感染率、死亡率。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。