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Methods of Discrete Cosine Transformation and Discrete Wavelet Transformation are two ways, and also make a comparison of these two ways.

采用的方法是离散余弦变换和离散小波变换两种方法，并且还对这两种方法进行了比较。

Mesh fairness problem We propose the conception of discrete curvature vector for meshes, and suggest a new fairness criterion that a mesh is fair if changes in discrete curvature vectors of this mesh are gradual and uniform Based on this fairness criterion, two algorithms are presented.

网格的光顺问题本文提出了离散曲率向量的概念，并以其变化平稳均匀作为网格光顺的准则，这一准则兼顾了曲率大小及法向的变化。

The discrete curvature vector based method to fair mesh by modifying vertex positions We first low-pass filter the discrete curvature vector function to make it change more gradually and uniformly, and then modify the vertex positions according the resulted function to improve the fairness of mesh.

以此为基础，给出了两个算法：网格改点光顺的离散曲率向量法基本思想是先用低通滤波算子修匀曲率向量，并由此修改顶点的位置以改善网格的光顺性。具体算法吸取了优化问题中Zoutendijk可行方向法的基本思想。

The motion of a discrete curve in Minkowski space is first introduced. Then by identifying the spin vector of HF models with the unit vectors of discrete curve, respectively, we obtain the corresponding DNLS.

我们将主要考虑闵可夫斯基空间中离散曲线的运动情况，并利用离散曲线的单位矢量分别替代离散的MHF方程中的自旋矢量，给出相应的离散非线性薛定谔方程，从而建立了两者之间的几何等价性。

Firstly expound the structure of the OFDM system, then analysis the working principle of OFDM communication and research into the key technologies in OFDM system: string conversion, sub-carrier modulation and demodulation, inverse Discrete Fourier Transformation, Discrete Fourier Transformation, cyclic prefix Insert, etc.

该文首先阐述了OFDM系统的结构，分析了OFDM通信系统的工作原理，研究了OFDM系统实现过程中串并转换、子载波调制解调、离散逆傅里叶变换、离散傅里叶变换、循环前缀插入等关键技术。

In discrete operator difference method, the displacements of the elements can be reproduced exactly in the discrete forms whether the displacements are conforming or not.

在离散算子差分方法中，无论单元位移函数是否协调，其位移函数均能在离散格式中得到十分好再现，说明了离散算子差分方法的离散格式是一种性能很优良的离散格式。

The concept of topology optimization of truss structures with discrete variables including two kinds of variables and the relative difference quotient algorithm for discrete optimization are extended to the topology optimization of plate and shell structures composed by plate and shell elements.

将包含两类变量的桁架结构拓扑优化设计的概念及求解离散优化的相对差商法进一步推广到由板壳单元组成的板壳结构的拓扑优化，建立了包含两类变量的板壳结构拓扑优化设计模型，并采用相对差商算法进行求解。

The derivation course and the discrete scheme of the first model-Perona-Malik model have been expatiated on emphasis. One item of the P-M model is omitted in the P-M's discrete scheme, and the gradient magnitude is replaced by the absolute value of difference quotient.

Perona-Malik给出的离散格式是一种显式离散格式，这一格式的连续形式省略了原模型中的一项，且用差商的绝对值代替了梯度模。

The main objective of this dissertation was to develop methodologies with capability of engineering application for simulating flow in fractured rock using discontinuum models. The study work includes three parts. In the first part, numerical methodology of three-dimensional discrete fracture network model casing on hybrid BEM-channel was presented, and the technique for improve the model's computing efficiency was also studied. Firstly in this part, computer simulation methodology based on the Baechermodel for generating network of discrete fractures was presented, which includes the follow details: probability distributions of fracture density,orientation, trace length, size, and aperture and estimation of their statistical parameters; stochastic models of fracture network; Monte-Carlo's simulation method; numerical simulation procedure and technicality.

给出了离散裂隙网络模型所依据的基本假定；发展了基于Baecher模型的离散裂隙网络计算机随机生成技术：详细地推导了单裂隙渗流和多裂隙相交网络渗流的边界单元法公式，发展了离散裂隙网络中稳态渗流的边界元数值技术，并且讨论了相关的具体数值技术细节，如角点的处理方法，单元的自动剖分等：描述了混合边界元—管流模拟方法及其数值实现；研究了裂隙网络的简化方法，并针对裂隙网络边界元法的特点提出了一种改进的分块三角分解法。

Study on design of the discrete state PI regulator and observers We extend the results of continuous system to discrete system in order to realize the state PI regulator by using computers.

离散状态PI调节器及估计器的设计研究将连续系统的有关结果推广到离散系统中，便于利用计算机进行计算和控制。

A carrier gas such as nitrogen is directed through line 20 and valve 22 to connect with line 26 and mix with the gas sample.

如氮气之类的载体通过管线20和阀22引入，与管线26相通，与气体样品混合。

But for the most part, knaves and parasites had the command of his fortune

然而支配他的家产的大多是恶棍和寄生虫。