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Secondly, by establishing a discrete time Markov model with spatial reuse for a MANET, we analyze the performance of the network under the AODV routing protocol. The average route length and the probability to communicate within a limited hop distance are obtained. Several performance parameters of the route discovery and route maintain process are analytically studied, such as the probability generating function and the expectation of the flooding distabce. the probability that a route is discovered by a query packet with a "hop limit", the probability that a request packet finds a valid route, the average time needed to discover a valid route and the cost to successfully route a data packet to its destination. Furthermore, we present a concrete example based on the transmitter characteristic of directional antennas and obtain the corresponding results.

建立了移动自组网络空间可重用的离散时间马氏链模型，得到了AODV路由协议下网络任意两节点间的平均路由长度、在指定"跳限"要求下通信的概率；对随选型路由协议下路由发现和路由维护过程中若干网络性能参数进行了解析分析，如网络中任意两节点问的泛洪距离的概率母函数及其期望、限定泛洪步数时成功寻路的概率、发现一条有效路由的平均时间、成功路由的代价等；并基于定向天线的发射特征给出了一个具体实例，分析计算了相应的网络性能参数。

By the statistical analysis of motion vector probability distribution of sequences, its directional characteristics are found. A novel algorithm-improved cross-diamond search algorithm is proposed by using small cross-search pattern to search small fiction vectors as the initial step based on the center-biased characteristics of motion vector probability distribution.

通过对序列运动矢量概率分布分析，发现了该概率分布的方向性特性，提出了一种新的块匹配运动估计算法―改进的十字－菱形搜索算法。

BACKGROUND: Based on the multi-directional differentiation potential,the combined application of proper biological materials and growth factor can repair tissue defect.

背景：利用骨髓间充质干细胞的多方向分化潜能，选择合适的生物材料和适当的生长因子联合应用，可达到修复组织缺损的目的。

The value of death is universal, particular, provable, social and historical, directional.

死亡价值具有普遍性、特殊性、证明性、社会历史性、指向性等特点。

Instead of blasting music and announcements from an omnidirectional public-address system, directional loudspeakers -- or Audio Spotlight systems , as Holosonics calls them -- make sound audible only in certain designated locations.

不同于震耳欲聋的音乐和全方位播音系统，导向扩音器或者是全方位应用声学公司所称的音频聚光灯系统只在某些指定地点才让人们听到声音。

Considering the characteristics of high Reynolds number viscous flows, a normal directional advancing layer method is adopted to generate points and combine anisotropic clouds of points in the boundary region, and a quadrantal point mulling strategy is employed to construct isotropic clouds of points in the residual flow region automatically.

针对高雷诺数粘性流动的特点，在附面层内的粘性影响区域采用法向层次推进布点的方法形成离散点云，在附面层外的计算区域内实行填充式布点的方法形成离散点云。

The main works are as follows:Firstly, in order to produce quincunx down sampling and up sampling which could form directional wavelet transform, the rotated factor matrixes is introduced based on discrete wavelet transform.

在遥感图像去除噪声的过程中提出一种软阈值映射函数，在不同尺度的高频子带图像采用不同的软阈值增益，并采用新的阈值估计算法来确定不同分辨率的高频小波系数的分布来进行图像噪声的有效抑制。

The basic idea is to divide an image into two descriptions with quincunx down-sampling. To tackle the problem of low coding efficiency in the traditional spatial domain multiple description image coding techniques, we propose a directional lifting technique to extensively exploit the correlations among neighboring pixels, in which the lifting directions are selected and organized based on the quad-tree partition.

基本思想是在空域将一幅图像按梅花形下采样为两个描述，为解决传统空域下采样多描述编码技术编码效率低的问题，提出能充分利用相邻像素相关性的方向提升小波变换，并通过四叉树的分割实现方向的组织和选择。

In ratiocinative mechanism, neural network adopt right directional reasoning method. And the ratiocinative mechanism of expert system contains two conditions, the validation to the diagnosing result of neural network and the alone ratiocination.

在推理机制中，神经网络采用正向推理的方法，专家系统的推理机制则又可分为对神经网络诊断结果的验证和独自重新推理两种情况。

The same design theme is adopted by the rear LED light clusters, which incorporate 'three-stripe' directional indicators.

相同的设计主题是通过LED灯组后，这把'三带'定向指标。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。