查询词典 direction field

The Frechet derivative of the cost function is determined via the solution of an adjoint partial differential equation, and the boundary shape is then modified in a direction of descent. This process is repeated until an optimum solution is approached. The advantage is that the cost function variation is independent of the flow field variation, with the result that the gradient of cost function with respect to arbitrary number of design variables can be determined without the need for additional flow-field evaluations. So each design cycle requires the numerical solution of both the flow and the adjoint equations leading to a computational cost roughly equal to the cost of two flow solutions.

虽然他们的研究成果大多数都可以在公开性文献上看到，但是其中一些具体的细节问题的处理方法却没有透露，比如：伴随方程如何离散求解才能减小最终梯度计算中的误差，使得设计过程有效地进行；伴随方程与流动方程的边界条件是不同的，如何合理地处理伴随方程的边界条件，才能推动设计过程朝着设计目标而发展；在减阻问题中目标函数如何定义，求解梯度的具体数学公式如何推导，如何通过数值方法来实现它们等。

Numerical model, which using the Alternating Direction Implicit method, is applied to simulate the current field and temperature field in this area.

DI数学模型是一种半隐半显的计算格式，它既具有显式格式易求解的优点，也具有隐式格式良好的稳定性。

Two types of assumed disturbances are considered:(1) the perturbed field is almost uniform in the direction antiparallel with the dipole's axis,(2) the perturbed field is originated from a ring current situated between 5 to 8 earth radii on the equatorial plane.

地磁扰动我們分別取以下两种形式：(1)当扰动磁場是均勻的而且其方向与磁軸相反；(2)当扰动磁場是由位于赤道面上5至8个地球半径的电流环引起的。

Displays around the magnetic field will be easy to produce items, such as multimedia speakers, a variety of peripherals, such as used in transformers, the magnetic field will affect the direction of the electron beam deflection.

显示器的周围会出现易产生磁场的物品，如多媒体音箱、各种外设所用的变压器等，这些磁场都会影响电子束的偏转方向。

However, the exchange bias field is influenced by the magnitude andthe direction of the stress, the magnitude of biquadratic coupling field, and the angleof the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic easy axes.

结果表明交换偏置场依赖于外磁场的方向，而与其大小无关；此外应力场的大小和方向，双二次耦合场的大小以及铁磁和反铁磁易轴间夹角均对系统的交换偏置场有影响。

In the magnetic fluid magnetic particle even distribution does in the liquid does not have the rule the Brownian movement, after sur- is parallel to the optical transmission direction gradient magnetic field, as a result of the magnetic field and the magnetic particle mutual function, the optical transmission rate can have the remarkable change.

磁性液体中的磁性微粒均匀的分布于液体之中做无规则的布朗运动，当外加1个平行于光透射方向的梯度磁场后，由于磁场和磁性微粒的相互作用，光透射率会发生显著变化，同样加垂直光路的磁场也会影响其光透射率。

The result makes clear, typhonic method and deputy closely related high intensity and positional change, the wind direction of strong wind speed in typhonic shift direction and wind field structure is consistent.

结果表明，台风路径和副高的强度和位置变化密切相关，台风移动方向和风场结构中强风速的风向一致。

In order to remedy this kind of shortage, this paper presents a quick volume rendering method, for the finite element data field of dam seismic response, choices the slicing direction relying on the element surface which normal line has the smallest included angle with the view direction, slices elements to many quadrilaterals, blends the colors of these quadrilaterals by using OpenGL blending technology, and then superimposes all elements one by one.

为了弥补传统体绘制静止画面不能明确判断场值集中部位的不足，提出一种快速体绘制算法，针对大坝地震反应有限元计算数据场，根据每个单元法线与视线夹角最小的表面来选择剖切方向，将单元剖切成多个四边形面后，对单元的绘制顺序进行合理排序，利用OpenGL图形库函数进行颜色融合，再将各个单元依次叠加，从而生成了三维数据场的体绘制图。

Evidence suggests that 1 under more stable stratification, the basic flow, if moving faster at low and high levels (particularly in the presence of jets there), allows a resulting meso-β unsteady wave to propagate eastward with respect to basic flow and even at greater velocity compared with it; 2 vertical windspeed shear of basic flow causes instabilities of the TWT perturbation; 3 considering the second derivative of basic-flow wind with respect to z (denoted by zz≠ 0 which is simply given as β* hereafter) the expression for the phase velocity of vortex Rossby wave is obtained, which is unidirectional in propagation with respect to basic flow; 4 VRoW has its physical origin from β*, i.e., from z-varying heterogeneities of y-direction averaged vorticity of the basic flow field; 5 VRoW phase velocity is associated with zonal wave number k, its energy is dispersive and the group velocity exists in the x direction; 6 when windspeed meets the condition of β*, TWT disturbance instability may be that of mixed VRoW and gravity wave; 7 if basic flow is subject to linear shear but does not meet the condition of β*, the TWT instability is that of inertia-gravity wave.

在大气层结比较稳定的情况下，如果基本气流在低层和高层较大(有可能存在低空急流和高空急流)，此时产生的β中尺度不稳定扰动相对于基流向东传播，甚至于快速向东传播。基本气流在垂直方向上的风速切变对于中尺度横波型的扰动起着不稳定的作用。如果考虑基流的二次切变，可以得到涡旋Rossby波的相速度表达式，涡旋Rossby波相对于基本气流是单向传播的。涡旋Rossby波产生的物理根源是基本流场的风速二次切变，亦即基本流场y方向的平均涡度在空间z方向上的不均匀所致。涡旋Rossby波的相速度与纬向波数也有关，它的能量是频散的，其在纬向x方向也存在群速度。在基本流场的风速存在二次切变时，横波型不稳定可能是混合的涡旋Rossby重力波的不稳定；而在基本流场的风速仅仅存在线性切变，不存在二次切变时，横波型扰动的不稳定则是重力惯性波的不稳定。

Experiment 1. Observation of electron beam deflection in the electric field Will voltage electron beam deflection plate to tie the direction switch "is" location, rotating clockwise direction deflection plate voltage Potentiometers (RP2), the electron beam is deflected upward, the greater the voltage between the deflection plate, the electron beam deflection angle the bigger.

实验一。观察电子束在电场中的偏转将电子束偏转板电压方向开关扳到&上正&位置，顺时针方向旋转偏转板电压电位器(RP2)，电子束则向上偏转，偏转板之间电压越大，则电子束偏转的角度越大。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。