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The complete model of locomotive and vehicle and the exact motion equations of wheel-set are established, in which, three-dimension wheel/rail contact geometry is taken into account and the Kalker's creep theory is employed to analyze the effects of the contact region of wheel/rail. An iterative procedure of solving wheel/rail creep force is proposed to improve the existed calculating method. Finally, the motion equations of vehicle with 23 DOFs are derived using the D'Alembert principle.

建立了较完善的机车车辆分析模型和较精确的轮对运动方程：考虑三维非线性轮轨接触几何关系，用Kalker蠕滑理论研究了轮轨接触区的蠕滑效应，建立了较为详细的轮对运动方程，提出用迭代法来求解轮轨蠕滑力从而对现有蠕滑力求解方法进行了改进，并采用D′Alembert原理推导了23个自由度车辆的运动方程。

D'Alembert Solution in one dimension wave equation is a very important basic formula.

弦振动方程中的D'Alembert公式是偏微分方程中一个非常重要的基本公式。

This thesis has mainly discussed D'Alembert Solution in one dimension wave equation by using arithmetic operators algorithm.

主要讨论了运用算子的方法推导出弦振动方程中的D'Alembert公式。

In this thesis, we express one dimension wave equation by arithmetic theory and prove D'Alembert Solution in the light of method on one stage linear partial differential equations.

本文从另一角度即算子的方法，将弦振动方程写成算子的形式，再根据一阶线性偏微分方程的求解方法，最终推导出D'Alembert公式。

MR damper is analyzed on its mechanical characteristic, and is applied in multi-dimension damping in this paper.

分析了磁流变阻尼器的力学特性，将其应用于多维减振系统中。

Consequently, the data afto dimension reduction not only preserves the locality relationship, but also reconstructs and represents the original dato perfectly.

该算法不仅能保持数据集的局部性，同时也考虑了数据集的全局性，使得降维后的数据既能保持部近关系，又能从整体上较好地重构和展现。

The preliminary application shows that the DECA method is valid for assembly dimension-chain analysis.

结果表明，尺素链分析可以达到传统装配尺寸链分析的目的。

Firstly, the concepts of dimensional element and dimensional element-chain are defined, and a geometric tolerancing model expressed by DE and its semantic mapping are also given. Secondly, the construction of DEC, the geometric measuring method for the calculation of error transfer coefficients of dimension-chain components and the realization of DECA are proposed.

首先定义尺素和尺素链等概念，并在此基础上建立尺寸公差的尺素表示模型及其语义映射；然后给出尺素链构造方法、计算误差传递系数的几何度量方法以及尺素链分析的实现方法。

Controlled rolling and controlled cooling is an advanced technology in modern high speed wire producing. The remarkable characteristic of this technology is reducing decarbonization, controlling the dimension of particle, improving the organization and capability of steel, and controlling the capacity of ferric oxide.

控制轧制和控制冷却是现代高速线材生产的前沿技术，其显著特征是减少脱碳，控制晶粒尺寸，改善钢的组织、性能及控制氧化铁皮的生成量。

All three attempts are found to be unsatisfactory; in particular, the absence of a rigorous understanding of social structure, and the concomitant failure to acknowledge and elucidate the embeddedness of the political dimension in that structure, have resulted in either normative explanations or declamatory remarks, neither of which could fully grasp the nature of political action or political stability and their attendant contingencies.

这些论述其实都并未能对问题作出令人满意的分析。在对社会结构缺乏深入了解，同时又未能掌握到政治活动基本上都是在特定社会环境之中进行此一特点的情况下，这些论述结果都流於成为规范指向的解释或演辩式的陈述，都未能充份掌握政治行动或政治稳定性的特质，以及这些问题的临时多变性格。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。