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The effect of heat treatment process and substrates on the crystallization, structure, topography, orientation and conductivity of LNO films have been investigated systematically by means of thermogram analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and electrical measurement.

本论文首次采用金属有机物分解法，选择异辛酸盐作为有机前体，成功地制备了具有钙钛矿结构的LaNiO〓导电氧化物电极，并通过多种分析测试手段系统地研究了热处理工艺、衬底类型等对LNO晶化、微结构、表面形态、取向以及导电性能的影响。

The influence of ethanol, isopropanol and mixture thereof used during the polyanionic cellulose manufacturing on the structure of alkali cellulose and PAC was studied by means of X-ray diffraction, microscope, 1H-NMR and chemical titrimetry method.

采用X射线衍射与显微镜分析技术研究了天然棉纤维素在乙醇、异丙醇、乙醇－异丙醇等不同有机介质中碱化时，纤维素的润胀程度、吸附碱量及结构参数的变化。

The fabrication of transmission gratings with the grating constant of 2.5μm and 5μm is studied in ZK6 and LaF2 glasses at the machining speed of 400μm/s by using femtoscond laser with the peak intensity of 2.7×10~(13)W/cm~2, and the diffraction patterns of the grating are presented with a semiconductors laser at 650 nm.

在加工速度为400μm/s、激光的峰值功率密度为2.7×10~(13)W/cm~2时，在ZK6玻璃和LaF2玻璃内制备出光栅常数为2.5μm和5μm的透射式衍射光栅，并在650nm的半导体激光照射下获得了光栅的衍射图样。

Furthermore transversal distribution of charged-particle beam in transport system－halo effect is given in the sense of diffraction-like.

并用此模型的类衍射效应解释了束流横向传输的粒子数分布的基本特征—束晕。

As the optical diffraction and interference of light revealed the volatility of light polarization phenomenon is that all the optical and electromagnetic wave is transverse wave.

正如光的干涉和衍射现象揭示了光的波动性，光的偏振现象则表明了光及所有电磁波是横波。

The method is applied to study the diffraction characteristics of dielectric gratings with rectangular and trapezoid shapes.

给出了光栅单元截面为矩形和梯形的算例。

By means of X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectrum analysis, it is proved thatthe main mineral composition of Luan Chuan nephrite is tremolite, and its every parameterswere very close to those of standard tremolite.

运用 X 射线粉晶衍射和红外光谱对栾川的蛇纹石玉进行了分析，分析显示该地蛇纹石玉由较为纯净的叶蛇纹石组成。

The crystal structure,morphology and tribological properties of Ag films deposited at low temperature were analyzed by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and ball-on-disk vacuum tribometer,respectively.

利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和真空摩擦试验机对低温沉积银膜的晶体结构、表面形貌和摩擦学性能进行了研究。

Structures of products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, the friction of coefficient and wear behaviors were measured by UMT-2 tribometer and Phase Shift MicorXAM-3D was used for analyzing the profiles.

通过X射线衍射分析了薄膜化学结构，采用微磨损仪和白光轮廓仪对样品的磨损情况和摩擦系数进行了检测和分析。

Friction and wear behaviors of Ti6Al4V alloys against GCr15 steel under dry sliding were investigated on high-speed pin-on-disc tribometer. Contact temperatures due to friction heat were measured by a thermocouple inserted into the hole of the Ti6Al4V pins. Morphology, composition and phase structure of the surface and subsurface for Ti6Al4V were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.

在高速销－盘式摩擦磨损试验机上考察了Ti6Al4V销与GCr15钢盘摩擦副的干滑动摩擦磨损行为，并在线测量了销试样的摩擦接触温度，利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪及透射电子显微镜分别对Ti6Al4V摩擦表面和次表层的微观形貌、组织成分、相结构进行研究。

Nowadays, most of research are to build a transmutative Petri Nets through adding controlling place sets, controlling arc sets and controlling policy to the basic Petri Nets, while the Controlled Petri Nets could be used to argue many controlling theory problems conveniently and to induce many logically and physically supervisory and solve the Event Feedback Controlling Problems and State Feedback Controlling Problem in DEDS supervisory theory.

目前大多数的研究表现为在变形后的受控Petri网基础上，利用各种方法求得各种逻辑型、结构型控制器，解决DEDS监控理论中的事件反馈控制问题与状态反馈控制问题。

On one hand, there are discussions with the works council and union about extension of short time working up to the end of September.

一方面，有讨论，工程理事会和联盟关于延长工作时间短至9月底。