查询词典 differential cross section

Our analysis framework relies on the reflected Backward Stochastic Differential equation approach.We characterize the value functions of the noncallable bonds in terms of the reflected Backward Stochastic Differential equation,Then the relationship between the value function of convertible bonds and reflected backward stochastic differential equations with single reflect is built at the same time,and provide the optimal conversion strategy for bondholders.2:We get the value of non-callable convertible bonds by numerical methods.

探讨了可转换债券的最优停时价值与带反射边界倒向随机微分方程解的关系，在市场完备，公司价值只包括股权和可转债这两种权益等各种假定下，给出不可赎回可转换债券的价值函数，证明了不可赎回可转换债券的最优停时问题的解是存在的，同时给出了其最优的转换策略。2：通过数值方法求解不可赎回可转换债券的价值。

The question of searching characteristic points or straight lines on moving rigid body is decomposed into two relatively independent sub-questions. The first one is to evaluate the characteristic of points and straight lines on moving rigid body, whose mathematics model is a kind of special non-differential max-mini optimal problem with inequality constraints. By the method of Saddle-point Programming and maximum entropy, the problem can be transformed as a differential optimal problem with single objective. The second oner is to search approximative character points or straight lines on moving rigid body within design space, whose mathematic model is nonlinear and non-differential problem with multiple constraints.

本文将在运动刚体上寻找特征点或直线的优化问题分解为两个相对独立的子问题，一是对运动刚体上点或直线的特征性评定，其实质是平面曲线的圆度或直线度的评定问题，优化模型是以最大误差为最小作为优化目标的约束不可微的优化问题，本文采用鞍点规划和极大熵方法，将其转化为单目标可微优化模型；二是在设计空间内，寻找运动刚体上特征性评定指标最小的近似特征点或直线，其优化模型是非线性、多约束的不可微优化问题，本文提出用遗传算法和BFGS局部搜索法相结合来求解。

Using PH linearization ,the nonlinear partial differential equation was transformed into linear partial differential equation,and then,by introducing a complex function,it was further transformed into a set of two linear differential equations.

应用 PH线性化方法，将非线性偏微分方程转化为线性偏微分方程，引入复函数将复常数偏微分方程变为两个线性实常数微分方程组，并采用小参数迭代法进行求解，近似求得了螺旋槽内气体动压分布的解析解。

In studing methods,partial func-tional differential equations sum up the theories and methods of ordinary differentialequations,partial differential equations,the semigroup theory and the fixed-pointtheory in functional analysis and the basic concepts,theories and methods suit-able for the partial differential equations with delay are formed.

偏泛函微分方程在研究方法上综合了常微分方程的理论方法和泛函分析中算子半群、不动点理论以及偏微分方程的理论方法，并形成了以时滞为基本特征的泛函微分方程的基本概念、理论和方法。

Carleman不等式及其在最优控制问题中的应用.Optimal control theory of distributed parameter systems mainly includes: Pontryagin's maximum principle; controllability; Hamilton-Jacobi equation (i.e., dynamic programming equation); time optimal control, etc.In this dissertation, we establish Pontryagin's maximum principle of optimal control problems governed by some nonlinear differential equations (parabolic differential equations, elliptic differential equations and 3-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations), which in particular could have local solut...

在这篇博士论文中，我们建立了非线性微分方程(包括抛物型微分方程，椭圆型微分方程以及3维Navier-Stokes方程)最优控制问题的庞特里雅金最大值原理，特别地，这些方程可能只有局部解或存在多解(我们称这样的系统为非适定系统，相应的最优控制问题为非适定最优控制问题)，以及适定的非线性发展方程最优控制问题的庞特里雅金最大值原理；我们研究了phase-field系统的时间最优控制问题以及Boussinesq系统的局部内可控性。

Linear differential equations of the principle of superposition theory of linear differential equations play an important role, especially in solving linear differential equations of the nature and structure of play to solve the problem of reducing the complexity and difficulty of the role.

请帮忙翻译一下摘要，跪谢线性微分方程解的叠加原理在线性微分方程理论中占有重要地位，尤其是在解决线性微分方程解的性质和结构问题中起到了降低解决问题的复杂度以及难度的作用。

Image for the differential procedures, including the differential horizontal and vertical differential once, such as second derivative.

求图像的微分程序，包括横向微分，纵向微分，一次，二次微分等。

Therefore, basic methodologies for stochastic seismic and filtering responses of nonlinear structure are studied, the approximate solution methodologies and their practical applications are investigated in the dissertation employing equivalent linearization and moment equations method based on FPK equations and Ito stochastic differential equations. The research works are mainly concerned with the following aspects:Firstly, the differential expression of bilinear hysteretic is studied and a new differential expression is developed, then they are demonstrated.

因此，本文基于FPK方程和伊藤随机微分方程，研究了滞后结构物的随机地震反应和随机滤波问题的基本方法，并利用等效线性化法和矩方程法，研究了非线性结构随机地震反应分析和随机滤波分析的近似解法及它们的工程应用。

So called reservoir is physical or mathematical; for a physical system, the mathematical model is a system of partial differential equations with related initial and boundary value conditions, it can describe important physical process occurring in the system, for example, the process occurring in reservoir, which mainly concludes flow of fluids and transportation of mass, gravity、 viscosity、compressibility have effect to it; differential equations describing this process are obtained by combining Darcy law of every phase and its mass equilibrium in differential form.

这种模型是物理的或数学的；一个物理系统的数学模型，是偏微分方程组和适当的一组初、边值条件的总体，它能够描述在系统中发生的重要的物理过程，比如在油藏中发生的过程，主要是流体的流动和质量的转移，重力、粘滞力、压缩性等在流体流动过程中都是起作用的；描述这个过程的微分方程是由将各相达西定律和各该相的微分形式的物质守恒相结合而得到的。

The results showed that about610 protein spots could be visualized on the two dimensional electrophoresis map bycoomassie brilliant blue staining within Mr 9.0～100.0kD and pH 4～7,and about 94 spotswere differential expressed between male-sterile line and its maintainer line by PDQuestsoftware.Among those differential proteins,about 49 spots and 40 spots were differentialexpressed between uninucleate anther stage and binucleate stage respectively;Meanwhilecomparing with the 2-DE maps of the total proteins from the binucleate anther stage anduninucleate stage,15 differential spots were detectable at male-sterile line;and 16 differentialspots were detectable at its maintainer line.

在分子量9.0～100.0 kD、等电点4～7线性范围内，可识别约610个蛋白质点，PDQuest软件分析结果表明：在单核期不育系和保持系之间存在40个差异蛋白质点，二核期两者共有49个差异点；不育系在单核期和二核期两者之间存在有15个差异点，保持系在两个不同时期有16个差异点；不育系与保持系间在表达量上的差异蛋白质点以及不育系与保持系间特异表达或特异缺失的蛋白质点很可能与小麦雄性不育有关。3。

We got alerted a couple of times while we were down south that HETs were on the way to bring us back up north because things were going to go hot again, but it was just rumors.

南下的途中我们不只一次得到警告说重型装备运输车将拉着我们重新北上，因为局势正在变得重新紧张起来，但这只是谣传。

It's the one where they find the ghost in the salt mine.

这一集是演他们在盐矿找到鬼