查询词典 differential calculus

Thischapter proposes three concepts,i.e.,kernelled quasidifferential,star-kerneland star-differential,and establishes their operational properties.A sufficiencytheorem and a sufficiency and necessity theorem for a quasi-kernel being a ker-nelled quasidifferential are proven.Both the existence of star-kernel for a qua-sidifferentiable function and the existence of star-differential for a directionallydifferentiable function are established.The relationships between sub-and su-per derivatives and Penot differentials are discussed as well.

这一章我们引入了三个概念，即核拟微分，星核与星微分并建立了它们的运算性质；证明了拟核为核拟微分的一个充分条件定理及一个充分与必要条件定理；建立了拟可微函数星核的存在性及方向可微函数星微分的存在性并讨论了Penot微分与上、下导数的关系。

Considering the premature convergence problem in the conventional differential evolution algorithm,a density clustering based niching Differential Evolution algorithm is proposed in this paper.

针对基本差分进化算法早熟收敛的缺陷，提出了一种基于密度聚类的小生境差分进化算法。

Next, regarding question two, because present uses the injection contraceptive the method to maintain this population the stability, moreover already did not have the individual to move away or the situation which poaches, for this reason we transform this populations stability to ask this population every years newborn baby quantity to subtract this year death individual the quantity differential value; Moreover from this population year quantity with this year the end of the years quantity differential value, when tends 0, namely thought that this community individual quantity is stable, thus the question stability problem transforms to ask simple targets optimization problems model building; Carries on using MATLAB to the model obtains, obtains, when did not consider when uncertainty factor influence must inject the medicine female animal quantity is 276 heads, but when had considered after twin and by duplicate injection these two uncertainty factor influence, obtains must inject the medicine female animal quantity is 352 heads, including 110 are by the duplicate injection.

其次，对于问题二由于现在采用注射避孕药的方法来维持该种群的稳定，而且已经没有个体被运走或被偷猎的情况，为此我们把该种群的稳定性转化为求该种群每年的新生幼仔的数量减去该年死亡个体的数量的差值；另外从该种群年头的数量与该年年底的数量的差值，当趋于0时，即认为该群落的个体数量是稳定的，从而把问题的稳定性问题转化为求单目标的最优化问题建立模型；利用MATLAB对模型进行求得，得出当不考虑不确定性因素影响时要注射药物的雌性动物数量为276头，而当考虑了双胞胎和被重复注射这两个不确定性因素影响后，得到要注射药物的雌性动物数量为352头，其中有110头是被重复注射的。

The electrochemical behavior of bumetanide was studied by differential pulse voltammetry method.The differential pules voltammograms exhibited an oxidation current peak of bumetanide at the potential of +0.896 Vvs.

用微分脉冲伏安法研究了利尿剂类药物布美他尼在玻碳电极上的电化学行为。

In a word, differential coefficient and vegetation index were much effective than reflectance for corn FPAR estimating, and the stepwised regression of multibands differential coefficient showed the best regression with R^2 of 0.944.375 nm purpled band and 950 nm near-infraed band absorbed by water showed prodigious potential for FPAR estimating precision.

除红、绿和常用的近红外波段外，375nm附近紫色波段和950nm附近的近红外波段用于估算FPAR也可以得到较理想的结果，特别是水分强吸收的波段具有较好的提高FPAR估算精度的潜力。

In this thesis, the phase diagram of Zn-Al binary system on 10~69.5 w% was reinvestigated by using differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray diffraction and pushrod dilatometer. The process of isothermal transformation during the aging of high-Aluminum-Zinc-based alloy was studied by using differential scanning calorimetry, and the aging behavior of the alloy was analyzed at the aspect of thermal analysis kinetics. The change of microstructure which the alloy was being heated was observed on high-temperature metallurgical microscope. The microstructure and wear-friction properties were compared among the alloys treated with several different heat treatment processes, and a model for heat treatment processes was proposed based on artificial neural network,so as to predict the relationship between friction coefficient and parameters of aging treatment such as aging temperature and time.

本文采用高温X射线衍射、示差扫描量热分析、热膨胀等方法重新测定含锌量范围为10％～69.5％的Zn-Al系二元相图，利用示差扫描量热分析法，研究高铝锌基合金时效等温转变过程，并从热分析动力学的角度分析高铝锌基合金合金时效行为；使用高温金相显微镜观察合金加热时的组织变化；比较几种不同热处理工艺对高铝锌基合金显微组织与耐磨性能的影响并利用人工神经网络建立高铝锌基合金热处理工艺模型，预测合金摩擦系数随时效温度及时间变化规律。

Meanwhile, it is that the price differential of goods that the tariff produces still exists that our country smuggles the basic reason that the crime produces , so long as can let the price differential of this kind of goods disappear , it is profitless to smuggle, smuggle crime can't help and stop too.

同时，我国走私犯罪产生的根本原因是关税产生的商品差价仍然存在，只要能让这种商品差价消失，进行走私就无利可图，走私犯罪也就不禁而止。

The Gascat differential pilot configuration guarantees the main regulator stability and eliminat es pulsing, pumping action of regulator when operating at high usually occur in operation of high turn down or high differential pressure .

卡司凯特轴流式 Horus 差压型导压设计，确保主减压阀在巨大起伏与高压降状况下的性能稳定。

Dry-type valves use air pressure and water pressure acting on both sides of the flap valve torque difference control valve on the valve closed and open, generally can be divided into differential-type dry-type alarm valve and sealed dry-type alarm 800X Differential By-Pass Balancing Valve valve two kinds of.

干式阀利用两侧气压和水压作用在阀瓣上的力矩差控制阀瓣的封闭和开启，一般可分为差动型干式报警阀和封闭型干式报警阀两种。

Our company specialized in manufacturing rear bridge differential speed half axle gear,planet gear,cross axle,various of fix bolt and so on in differential speeder of heavy,medium-sized,lighttruck.

公司专业生产重型、中型、轻型卡车后桥差速器半轴齿轮、行星齿轮、十子轴、差速器各种紧固件螺丝等、生产工艺精锻成形、具有精度高、使用寿命长等特点。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48