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The three elements of Harmer s ESA Theory,which are engage,study and activate,should be presented in different sequences with different patterns according to various requirements of course and different levels of students English.

哈默的ESA教学模式的三要素(投入-Engage、学习-Study和运用-Activate)，通过它们之间顺序的不断变换，创造出多样的教学模式，有效地将传统的以教师课堂讲授为主的活动模式转变为在教师指导下以学生为主体的教学模式，并取得了很好的课堂教学效果。

Different types and levels of development of the countries generally have taken a different political systems, but may also in some ways have the same or similar system; the same type and level of development of the countries generally have the same or similar political systems, but in some areas there may be very different:(1) according to state management form, namely the form of state power points, there is absolute monarchy system of slave society, the nobility republican, democratic republic; State has the absolute monarchy of feudalism, class representative of the monarchy, republican (little city-state has adopted); capitalist countries have constitutional monarchy and democratic republic two types of constitutional monarchy is divided into the dual monarchy such as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and a parliamentary monarchy like the United Kingdom, democratic republic is divided into parliamentary cabinet system, the presidential system and the committee system in three forms; of the socialist countries of the Soviet system of the former Soviet Union, former Yugoslavia, the delegation system, China and Cuba and other countries of the people's congress system and so on.

不同类型和发展程度的国家一般都采取不同的政治制度，但也可能在某方面有相同或相似的体制；同一类型和发展程度的国家一般都有相同或类似的政治制度，但在某些方面也可能有很大差异：（1）按国家管理形式即政权组织形式分，奴隶社会有君主专制制、贵族共和制、民主共和制；封建主义国家有绝对君主制、等级代表君主制、共和制；资本主义国家有君主立宪制和民主共和制两大类型，君主立宪制又分为二元君主制如约旦哈希姆王国和议会制君主制如英国，民主共和制又分为议会内阁制、总统制和委员会制三种形式；社会主义国家有原苏联的苏维埃制，原南斯拉夫的代表团制，中国和古巴等国的人民代表大会制等。

In order to find the main factors which affect the indoor air quality of newly decorative residences, orderly to prevent and control the diseases and hazardousness caused by indoor air pollutants scientifically and rationally, almost 200 newly decorative residences in Chengdu have been tested in the year of 2007, and these measurement results vs. different seasons, different type of buildings and different ventilation time have been compared and analyzed in detail.

为了掌握影响新装修住宅空气质量水平的主要因索，更加科学合理地预防和控制室内空气污染带来的疾病和危害，对2007年度成都市200余户新装修住宅的室内空气进行了检测，并按照不同季节、房间类型、通风时间进行了详细地比较和分析。

Chinese medicine theories emphasize allelopathy, Western theoretical emphasis on Chemistry and Health Physics domain, both the theory and the verification process is totally different; Chinese medicine doctors to do the world line must meet the same phenomenon in the same conditions, different conditions are different phenomena; but the actual clinical course of Chinese medicine, there are differences Tongzhi disease varies with disease governance success stories to attract attention to Western theory.

中医理论强调相生相克，西医理论偏重化学与生物理域，两者理论与验证过程完全不同；中医要作到医行天下必须达到同样条件同样现象，不同条件不同现象；但中医实际临床过程常出现异病同治与同病异治的成功案例，吸引西医理论的重视。

With a metal with different heat treatment process, available in different organizations, and thus have different performance.

同一种金属采用不同的热处理工艺，可获得不同的组织，从而具有不同的性能。

In this dissertation, we optimized the thinkness of each layer of TFEL devices using the layered optimization method to obtain ZnS: Ce〓 TFEL devices. Accoding to the energy level structure of Ce〓, two criteria for distinguishing the EL of Ce〓 were found out, from which it was conduded that the TFEL of ZnS: Ce〓 comes from 5d→4f transition of Ce〓. The measurement of brightness waveform showed that the TFEL of ZnS: Ce〓 was the luminescence from independent centers. and there were the field induced-delocalization in this process anf it〓s the cause of low TFEL efficiency of ZnS: Ce〓. In this dissertation, different influence factors on TFEL of ZnS: Ce〓 were sdudied. The influence of different host lattice is different: The blue/green ratio of ZnS: Ce〓 in hexagonal system of ZnS is larger than that in cubic system of ZnS, and the TFEL peaks in hexagonal system of ZnS moves toward longer wavelength compared with that in cubic system of ZnS. The adding buffer layer was used in this stage. The solubility of Ce〓 in ZnS was small and it was another limit to TFEL brightness of ZnS: Ce〓 device. The solubility of Ce〓 increased ten times when using Li ions as flux, so that the TFEL brightness of ZnS: Ce〓 was enhanced. It was found that the appearing of ZnO in active layer improves the TFEL of ZnS: Ce〓: the brightness and the wave range of ZnS: Ce〓TFEL were enhanced.

本文采用TFEL的分层优化方案，优化组合了各膜层厚度，选择最佳制备条件，得到了ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL；根据Ce〓的能级结构，找到了判别Ce〓的EL的两个简单依据，并据此断定ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL的两个发射峰分别属于Ce〓的〓和〓跃迁；亮度波形测量表明ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL属于分立中心发光，分析认为在此过程中存在着较严重的场致离化，这也是ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL效率较低的一个原因；本文考查了影响ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL的各种因素，发现：基质的晶体结构对ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL有所影响，在六角相ZnS中Ce〓的TFEL优于立方相ZnS中Ce〓的TFEL：发射峰的蓝-绿比相对较大，且光谱向短波方向移动，在此项研究中本文采用了在发光层前增镀过渡层的办法，过渡层为六角晶相的ZnO；限制ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL器件亮度的一个原因是Ce〓在ZnS中的溶解度低，本文用Li离子作助溶剂增大了Ce〓的溶解度，增大幅度为一个量级，并且ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL亮度明显提高；从ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL光谱来看ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL波长覆盖范围较小，亮度也不高，达不到做为白色TFEL材料的要求，需要寻找新的白色TFEL材料；在研究ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL中还发现：发光层中ZnO的出现有利于ZnS：Ce〓的TFEL：发射峰变宽、亮度增大。

The effects of different factors on the laser-induced graft polymerization on the PET surface were analyzed, and the mechanisms were discussed. The factors were: 1 Monomers with smaller molecules resulted in better modification than polymeric monomers. Acrylamide monomer was chosen as hydrophilic modifier finally; 2 Higher concentration of the monomer solution favored the graft reaction; 3 With the increasing laser fluence, the surface hydrophilicity of PET films increased at first, then decreased. More laser pulses led to a more hydrophilic surface; 4 Benzophenone as a photosensitizer hindered the graft polymerization; 5 The homopolymer retardant of ammonium iron sulfate hexahydrate in a proper concentration retarded the formation of homopolymers and promotes the graft copolymerization; 6 The solvent of monomer solution also affected the graft reaction. Different solvents functioned in different ways. Ethanol can promote the graft reaction because of the activity of hydrogen in its structure; 7 pH value of the monomer solution affects the polymerization rate, and a lower pH value was favorable to the graft reaction.

这些影响因素的作用分别为：1小分子单体的表面改性效果好，确定以丙烯酰胺为亲水性改性单体；2较高的单体溶液浓度有利于接枝反应；3激光能量密度增大，薄膜表面亲水性先显著增强，后又减弱；激光脉冲次数越多，改性后表面亲水性越强；4光敏剂BP对PET表面接枝聚合反应有阻碍作用；5适当浓度的均聚物抑制剂六水合硫酸铁铵能减少单体均聚物的生成，促进接枝聚合；6单体溶液的溶剂也影响接枝聚合的反应进程，不同溶剂的影响作用原理不同，含较活泼氢的乙醇能促进接枝反应；7溶液pH值影响单体聚合速率，pH值较低有利于接枝反应。

An integrated hierarchical matching method based on classification management of the road network is firstly proposed considering the different characteristics of urban roads. This method is conducive to use different matching algorithm according to both different road condition and navigation demand, and can better coordinate contradictions between the accuracy and real time of matching.

在改进现有地图匹配算法的基础上，针对城市道路的不同特点，首次提出基于道路网分级管理的分级匹配综合方法，有利于根据不同的路况和导航需求采用不同的匹配算法，可较好地协调地图匹配的准确性和实时性的矛盾。

In addition, this manuscript studies different influence that cements with different SO3 content give sand-cement grout, cement-fly ash binder, cement fly-ash stabilized hoggin and probe the action that SO3 appears in different material system.

此外，本文还通过研究不同SO3含量的水泥对胶砂试块、水泥粉煤灰结合料以及水泥粉煤灰稳定碎石材料的强度性能的影响，探讨SO3在不同材料体系中的作用。

A city is made up of homogeneous or heterogeneous space. Different urban space and its evolvement reflect urban culture patterns in different phases of city, then different urban cultural pursue refigure urban space's patterns.

城市是由一系列同质或异质的空间所组成的，不同的城市空间及其演变反映了城市不同阶段的城市文化形态，而不同的城市文化追求又反过来重塑着城市空间形态。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷