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Results The smoking rate in urban residents was 18.3%. Of which, 97.9% of non-smokers and 96.3% of smokers agreed that smoking did harm to health, but, their perceptibility was different （uc=5.14, 4.79; P〈0.01）. More than 70% of them knew that smoking could cause lung cancer,chronic bronchitis, and those who understood that smoking could cause hypertension and coronary heart disease accounted for less than 35% only.

结果青岛市市区居民的吸烟率为18.3％，有97.9％的不吸烟居民和96.3％吸烟居民知道吸烟对健康有不同程度的危害，但两组居民对吸烟、被动吸烟对健康危害程度的认知率不同（uc=5.14、4.79，P〈0.01）。70％以上的居民知道吸烟会引起肺癌、慢性支气管炎，但对吸烟会引起高血压、冠心病等的认知率低于35％。

The phenotype values of the major gene and polygene mixed inheritance of quantitative trait demonstrate multimodality, showing the mixture of more than one normal distributions, that is corresponding to more than one major gene genotypes, so the selection is different from common quantitative trait in model hypothesis and analysis.

主基因-多基因混合遗传的数量性状，其表型值呈现多峰性，表现为多个正态分布的混合，即对应多个主基因基因型，其选择与普通数量性状的选择在模型假定以及分析上都有很大的不同。

Instead it's a perfect example of 'imitation luxury car,' with a usual result: The shiny metal-look trim seems nothing more than cheap, the patterned plastic that could be imitating wood isn't, and the different textures and shades of plastic make nothing more than a pusillanimous pastiche.

闪亮的金属外观装饰看上去只会感觉廉价，印有图案的塑料也不像木质内饰，不同纹理和色彩的塑料内饰搭配起来并不出色。

In chapterⅡ, considering GLMMs data which the number of high units is different and the number of low units is small and unbalanced, we Conduct a series of simulations, the simulations show that regardless of the number of the level 2 units,the Bayesian estimate of random effects residual variance is more precise than PQL and the PQL estimation deviates from the true value seriously; In terms of the fixed effects estimates, When the number of level 2 units is 20, The mean and median of the Bayesian estimate is more precise than PQL,But With the number of level 2 units increase,the estimate of two methods is similar. Thus, in practical applications, we recommend the use of Bayesian method.

第二章针对不同高水平单位数，低水平数较小且不平衡的GLMMs数据，进行模拟研究，研究表明：无论水平2单位数的大小，贝叶斯方法随机效应残差方差估计值远比PQL法更接近真实值，PQL法严重偏离了真实值；而对固定效应参数估计值，当水平2单位数为20时，贝叶斯法各参数的均数和中位数均要较PQL法更接近真实值，而随着水平2单位数的增加，两种方法在估计固定效应参数时相差并不大，因而，在实际应用中，推荐采用贝叶斯法。

Each patient had more than two somatic symptoms in the two groups and more than 81.0％ of them had three somatic symptoms. METHODS: According to the different primary diseases in patients of the two groups, regular treatment was given routinely. Oral thymoleptics fluoxetine of 20 mg/d 5-hydroxyltryptamine reuptake restrainer with 20 mg/d was administered, the dose of which could be added to 40 mg/d according to the pathogenetic conditions.

根据两组患者不同原发病，遵循内科疾病治疗常规，予以正规治疗，同时予口服5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂抗抑郁剂氟西汀，20 mg/d，根据病情可于2周后酌情加量至40mg/d。

S extract had an inhibition effect against Sphaerotheca fuligenea,The inhibition rate was 100% when extract concentration was 20mg/mL and the inhibition rate got to 67.66% even at the concentration of 2.5mg/mL. The extract of E. humifusa had different preventive effects against four strains of S. fuliginea from four districts in Shanghai. The preventive effects on the Qibao and Baoshan were better than those of Nanhui and Qingpu. The microorganism inhibition experiment by filter papers indicated that the extract of E. humifusa had higher inhibition effect against bacteria than on pathogenic fungus. Diameters of the zone of inhibition of salmonellas, Echerichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 15.77mm, 12.27mm and 10.53mm respectively. The extract of E. humifusa had a certain effect against Colletotrichum lagenarium, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctomia solan and Pyricularia oryza but no effect against Helminthosporium maydis and Gibberella zea. The 4 cation exchange resins and ethanol deposition were used to isolate the active fractions from supernate after alkali deposition.

提取液对黄瓜白粉病菌体外分生孢子萌发抑制实验表明地锦提取液对黄瓜白粉病菌分生孢子的萌发有很好的抑制作用，抑制率随着地锦提取液浓度的增大而增高，当浓度为20mg/mL时，抑制率达到100%，即使在浓度为2.5mg/mL时，抑制率也达到了67.66%；室内盆栽苗期预防性实验表明了地锦提取液对上海4个不同地区的黄瓜白粉病菌均具有不同程度的抑制效果，对七宝和宝山地区的菌株抑制效果优于南汇和青浦地区的菌株；用滤纸片法测定了地锦提取液的抑菌谱，实验结果表明地锦提取液对供试的4种植物病原真菌：黄瓜炭疽病菌、黄瓜灰霉病菌、水稻纹枯病菌和水稻稻瘟病菌均具有一定的抑制效果，而对玉米小斑病菌和小麦赤霉病菌没有抑制效果，对供试的3种人类致病细菌沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有很好抑菌效果，抑菌圈直径分别为：15.77mm， 12.27mm和10.53mm。

The results indicated that the earth's surface temperature and air temperature of the desert comparing the oasis of the variety range are higher and ascend and descend of the speed are quicker; As the ascend and descend changes of air relative humidity and temperature are different at each observation spot, the variety curve of the air pressure of daytime shows the single type of wave; At each observation spot the predominant direction of wind was mainly souther, still having the southeast or southwester at 12:00-18:00; Wind speed almost is 0 at 20:00; The clean radiation at the morning and the evening of desert are higher than in oasis, the clean radiation in oasis in the daytime is bigger than in desert.

结果表明，沙漠地表面温度和气温升降速度比绿洲观测点要快、变化幅度大；由于各观测点空气相对湿度和温度升降度不同，使得各观测点的气压升降幅度也不同，白天气压的变化曲线呈单蜂型；各观测点在12：00到18：00期间主导风向主要是南风，还有东南或西南风，在20：00时风速几乎为0；早上和晚上沙漠的净辐射高于绿洲，白天近地面净辐射绿洲大于沙漠；对绿洲气象要素时空效应特征分析，为棉花等绿洲优势作物的播种期、物候期、作物生育及生理生态特性具有一定的指导意义。

There are more than three million catering enterprises plus more than 300,000 hotels across the country with facilities, service and management at different levels. Under this circumstance, it appears not to be realistic to require all the restaurants to do business stringently in line with this regulation.

现在全国来讲，餐饮企业有300多万家，其它的宾馆、饭店有30多万家，这些企业各自的设施条件，服务和管理等方面参差不齐，在这样的情况下，如果一下要求大家都来严格按照这个规定做，不太现实。

In juveniles, the structure of the tissues in the mesoyl layer were looser than the surface layer and there were more black chromatocytes in the surface layer than the mesohyl layer. The compositions of spicules were different in various stages of the sponge. There were no spicules in embryos and larvae. In juveniles, microscleres were the main components. However, megascleres of oxea and strongyle were the major types in adult.

在骨针组成方面，黑色软海绵随不同发育时期而有差异，在胚胎以及幼生阶段体内皆无骨针存在，白色及黑色幼体体内之骨针的组成为小型骨针，有oxyaster euaster及 oxyaster oxyspheraster两型，以及大型骨针尖杆体及二辐钝端骨针两型；而黑色软海绵成体的骨针组成为大型骨针，并未发现存在於幼体体内之小型骨针。

The rate of subsidence has been decreasing from area near vertex of delta to the coastal zone and some place is even rising, particularly in the early formed area. What is the different in the coastal is that the rate of subsidence is still high and can sustain a long time. This is because the land subsidence in the delta is mainly caused by the consolidation of sediments if there is no human activity. Especially in the newly formed area, Qingshuigou sub-delta, the rate of subsidence was more than 50 mm/a in the begining and now is still higher than 10 mm/a. When the newly sediments discharged by the Yellow River landed on the subaquatic delta, its load can drive the concolidation of the silt, which is on the surface of the Bohai seafloor. The rate of consolidation of the silt will be decreasing quickly in the first years, but still a long time in the later time with a slow rate.

研究结果表明：现代黄河三角洲在以宁海为顶点的河口扇形区域，近期均经历了不同程度的地表下沉过程，但是随区域地理位置和时间的不同，地表变化空间差异性比较明显；三角洲顶点附近区域的下沉速率自上世纪末开始逐渐减小，后期甚至出现轻微的抬升；滨海沿岸附近地区的地表形变特征相对比较复杂，各期叶瓣相互叠置及其各类沉积物的不均匀分配，使由沉积物自然固结压实引起的地表形变具有显著的空间差异；目前，除清水沟流路叶瓣表现为快速沉降以外，其它滨海沿岸区基本上都表现为微弱的下沉。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。