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In plotting scene, the invention connects fiber-optic gyro(1) with full station instrument telescope(3) by adaptor(2), and make optical fibre gyro can follow full station instrument telescope simultaneously do 180 degree turning reel full station instrument cross shaft, respectively on two horizontal positions of east and west direction of gyro axis that differ by 180 degree; each horizontal position process 2 x 2 position gyro data acquisition on full station instrument perpendicular tray that differ by 180 degree; using formula to count out full station instrument collimation axis true azimuth, survey station meridian convergence angle, then can obtain full station instrument collimation axis grid azimuth, realize full station instrument orient.

基于光纤陀螺的全站仪组合定向方法是一种应用于测绘工作的基于光纤陀螺的全站仪组合定向方法，该方法在测绘现场，把光纤陀螺(1)通过连接装置(2)与全站仪望远镜(3)固连，使光纤陀螺(1)可随全站仪望远镜(3)绕全站仪横轴(4)同步做180度转动，分别在陀螺轴东西向相差180度两个水平位置，每个水平位置在全站仪竖盘相差180度的两个竖直位置进行2×2位置陀螺数据采集；利用公式算得全站仪视准轴真方位角、测站子午线收敛角，即可进一步获得全站仪视准轴坐标方位角，实现全站仪定向。

Trichogramma showed high control efficacy on cotton bollworm eggs after three times of release both in the second and in the third generation bollworm periods. The parasitism on the second and third generation bollworm eggs were 66.0%-70.7% and 76.0%-81.2%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in the control (second generation: 7.0%-12.3%, third generation: 5.2%-7.4%). And the injury rate of cotton buds and bolls in the second and third generation bollworm were 2.2% and 3.1%, respectively, which were significantly lower than that in the control (second generation:8.5%, third generation: 20.9%). In the second generation bollworm period, number of bollworm eggs or larvae in the Trichogramma released cotton field did not differ to that in the chemically controlled field. But in the third generation, there were significantly less bollworm eggs and larvae in the Trichogramma released cotton field. There were more predators in the Trichogramma released cotton field. These results indicated that cotton boll worm in the transgenic insect-resistant cotton field can he effectively controlled by mass-releasing of T.

结果发现：棉铃虫卵在棉株不同部位的分布差异较大，2代棉铃虫卵主要分布在叶正面、叶背面和茎尖，3代棉铃虫卵主要分布于蕾铃；在放蜂田，赤眼蜂对棉株不同部位棉铃虫卵的寄生率差异较大，2，3代棉铃虫时期对叶正面、叫背面、茎尖、蕾铃的棉铃虫卵寄生率均较高，对叶柄和茎杆处卵的寄生率较低；并以3代棉铃虫时期的寄生率较高；在2，3代棉铃虫时期分别连续释放3次赤眼蜂，对棉铃虫具有很强控制作用，2，3代棉铃虫卵的被寄生率分别为66.0%~70.7%和76.0%~81.2%，均显著高于化防田的自然寄生率（2代：7.0%~12.3%，3代：5.2%~7.4%）；蕾铃被害率分别为2.2%和3.1%，均显著低于化防田（2代：8.5%，3代：20.9%；2代棉铃虫时期，放蜂田和化防田的棉铃虫卵量和幼虫数量差异均不显著，但3代棉铃虫以后，放蜂田棉铃虫卵量和幼虫数量均显著低于化防田，且放蜂田的捕食性天敌数量显著高于化防田。

Because of the disbalance of our country's foundamental education development in cities and countrsides it results that the teachers in cities and countrysides differ greatly in the education ideas, the information environment and the information technique studies and development opportunities. These factors will result in new numerical margin between the teachers in the cities and those in the countrysides, which obstructed the construction of the informationalized education and the implement of the new course in the countryside.

但由于长期以来我国城乡基础教育发展的不均衡，导致了城乡教师在教育观念、信息环境及信息技术学习与发展机会等方面存在着很大的差异性，这些因素都将会使城乡教师的素质水平产生新的数字鸿沟，从而阻碍了农村教育信息化的建设和新课程的实施。

This thesis demonstrates the pre-polymers in a polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals can be polymerized into a polymer film, which can eliminate the aligning capability of the homogeneous alignment layer. Thereafter, the textures of the cholesteric liquid crystals in UV-cured region can be changed from reflective planar texture to the scattered focal conic one. Additionally, the clearing temperature of the liquid crystals can be reduced by doping with chiral dopant or monomers. The cause is the increase of the impurity concentration in LCs. In other words, if the monomers are polymerized, the clearing temperature of LCs in that region should increase due to the decrease of the impurity concentration. Therefore, impurities associated with doping with monomeric and chiral dopants cause the clearing temperature of LCs in cured region to differ from that in uncured region.

本文中，我们提出在高分子聚合物薄膜之胆固醇液晶(polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals，简称PDCLCs)中，利用紫外光使PDCLC中的单体聚合成薄膜，此即为光引致聚合反应，而该薄膜将原本在表面所作的配向膜覆盖且破坏其配向能力，使胆固醇液晶由原本反射的planar结构转换成散射的focal conic结构；另外，有关液晶材料的相变温度会由於掺杂手性分子或单体而降低，此因液晶材料内『杂质』浓度增加，而造成的液晶材料之不纯度增加，最终导致相变温度降低，若搭配上述光引致聚合反应，则由於光照区之单体聚合，使该区域单体占总材料之比例下降，即不纯度降低，进而使液晶材料之相变温度上升，该区域之相变温度与未照光区有所不同。

The result of factor analysis can provide the changes of relative precipitation and temperature variations. In trace elements, Cu, As, Zn, Pb and Ni were apparently enrichmented in soil layers and are sensitive to climatic changes. Carbon isotope is more sensitive to climatic changes than that of oxygen isotope in loess stratigraphy. The heavy mineral are varified in the loess stratigraphy, but their content differences between loess and palaeosol is little. Though the palynologic analyses results reveal that pollens and spores are fewer in the loess stratigraphy, they differ greatly in loess layer and palaeosol layer not only in species but also in types, i. e., the pollens and spores indicating warm and moist climate, such as Lles, Podocarpus, Polopydium, Pteris grerilliana Wall, Pterocarya and Juglans appear in palaeosol layers, while those indicating cold and dry climate such as Ephedra, Artemisia, Chinopodiaceae, Picea and Abies exist mainly in loess layers. The pollen content of broad-leaved tree mainly consisting of Pterocarya is up to 60% in palaeosol 〓, while the content of Ephedra is more than 50% in 〓 loess layer, showing that the environment differed greatly when 〓 and 〓 were formed.

当然，常量元素氧化物的组合因子分析结果可提供相对降水与相对温度在剖面的变化，因而来反映气候状况更为理想；微量元素中Cu、As、Zn、Pb与Ni在成土过程中富集明显，亦较好地反映了气候变化；稳定同位素中的碳同位素比氧同位素更能敏感记录气候的变化；研究区黄土地层中重矿物种类较多，但黄土层与古土壤层中含量差异不大；孢粉分析结果揭示，尽管研究区黄土层中孢粉总量相对较为贫乏，但黄土层与古土壤层中孢粉种属相差较大：在古土壤层内出现了指示相对暖湿环境的冬青属、罗汉松属、水龙骨属、林下凤尾蕨、枫杨、胡桃等植物孢粉，而黄土层中麻黄、藜科、蒿属及冷杉、云杉含量较高。

The morphology of sensillumtrichodea does not differ between sexes and species,but the number anddensity differ significantly.The ultrastructure of two types of antennal sensillum,sensillumtrichodea and sensillum chaetica was investigated in males of Ancylissativa Liu with transmission electron microscope.

在七种类型的触角感器中，毛形感器在数量和分布上占主导地位，雄蛾触角上毛形感器的数量和密度比雌蛾触角上多而密，不同种类之间毛形感器的数量、分布密度也不同；其它六种触角感器虽然在同种的雌雄之间和不同种类之间也存在一定的差异，但不如毛形感器显著。

The results of physical and chemic characteristic show that the molecular weight of R-PE is 194kD, which is differ from the other reported R-phycoerythrin's (240kD). The molecular weight of subunits were determined . The molecular weight of a and P subunits are alike for about 20kD. The molecular weight of y subunit is about 31 kD.The subunit composition of R-PE in Corallina officinalis is presumably 4 y , which is differ from 6 y that is reported by other researcher. Moreover, we must to do more other work to prove if it contains the fourth subunit.

对R-PE部分理化特性的研究结果表明，R-PE的分子量为194kD，与目前报道的多数R-藻红蛋白240kD的分子量不同；其α、β亚基分子量均为20kD左右，γ亚基分子量约为31kD，理论推测的R-PE亚基组成为_4γ，与前人报道的_6γ不同，而且其是否存在第四亚基还有待进一步证明；同时在变性条件下对R-PE的各亚基进行了分离纯化并对其各亚基可见光光谱特性作了研究。

The results of physical and chemic characteristic show that the molecular weight of R-PE is 194kD, which is differ from the other reported R-phycoerythrins (240kD). The molecular weight of subunits were determined . The molecular weight of a and P subunits are alike for about 20kD. The molecular weight of y subunit is about 31 kD.The subunit composition of R-PE in Corallina officinalis is presumably 4 y , which is differ from 6 y that is reported by other researcher. Moreover, we must to do more other work to prove if it contains the fourth subunit.

对R-PE部分理化特性的研究结果表明，R-PE的分子量为194kD，与目前报道的多数R-藻红蛋白240kD的分子量不同；其α、β亚基分子量均为20kD左右，γ亚基分子量约为31kD，理论推测的R-PE亚基组成为_4γ，与前人报道的_6γ不同，而且其是否存在第四亚基还有待进一步证明；同时在变性条件下对R-PE的各亚基进行了分离纯化并对其各亚基可见光光谱特性作了研究。

Top executives may differ only slightly in their talents, just as sports champions differ only slightly from runners-up.

高级主管们在天资方面也许只有微小的差别，正如体育冠军与亚军也只有微小的差别一样。

Establish the method of HPLC fingerprints for analysing the Cordyceps sinensis. of differ origin or differ batch. The method of fingerprints was accurate and reliable. The high similarity between ten batch samples can futher verify reliability of quality assess studied by HPLC in Chapter 2.At the same time,it can also be applied to the quality control of Cordyceps sinensis .and also provide new reference for distinguishing counterfeits and adulterations.

本课题应用HPLC建立了不同产地不同批次冬虫夏草的指纹图谱测定方法，所建立的指纹图谱具有稳定重复的特点，10批冬虫夏草的高相似度支持了第二章中利用HPLC结论作为冬虫夏草内在质量评定参考的可行性，并可为冬虫夏草与其混淆品及伪品的质量控制提供新参考依据。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。